scholarly journals A novel methodology for assessing the environmental sustainability of ionic liquids used for CO2 capture

2016 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 283-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa M. Cuéllar-Franca ◽  
Pelayo García-Gutiérrez ◽  
S. F. Rebecca Taylor ◽  
Christopher Hardacre ◽  
Adisa Azapagic
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
Selection Of

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as suitable sorbents for CO2 capture because of their high CO2 absorption capacity, thermal stability, negligible vapour pressure and physico-chemical tunability. However, the environmental implications of ILs are currently largely unknown because of a lack of data. The issue is further complicated by their complex chemical structures and numerous precursors for which environmental data are scarce or non-existent. In an attempt to address this issue, this paper presents a new methodology for estimating life cycle environmental impacts of novel ILs, with the aim of aiding synthesis and selection of more sustainable CO2 sorbents. The methodology consists of four main steps: (1) selection of an appropriate IL and synthesis route; (2) construction of a life cycle tree; (3) life cycle assessment; and (4) recommendations for improvements. The application of the methodology is illustrated using trihexyltetradecylphosphonium 1,2,4-triazolide ([P66614][124Triz]), a promising IL for CO2 capture currently under development. Following the above steps, the paper demonstrates how the data obtained from laboratory synthesis of the IL can be scaled up to industrial production to estimate life cycle impacts and identify environmental hotspots. In this particular case, the main hotspots are the precursors used in the synthesis of the IL. Comparison of impacts with monoethanolamine (MEA), currently the most widely-used CO2 sorbent, suggests that [P66614][124Triz] has much higher impacts than MEA, including global warming potential. However, human toxicity potential is significantly higher for MEA. Therefore, the proposed methodology can be used to optimise the design of ILs and to guide selection of more sustainable CO2 sorbents. Although the focus is on ILs, the methodology is generic and can be applied to other chemicals under development.

Cholinium-amino acid based ionic liquids: a new method of synthesis and physico-chemical characterization

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (32) ◽  
pp. 20687-20698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena De Santis ◽  
Giancarlo Masci ◽  
Francesco Casciotta ◽  
Ruggero Caminiti ◽  
Eleonora Scarpellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
New Method ◽  
Room Temperature Ionic Liquids ◽  
Synthetic Method ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range

Fourteen cholinium-amino acid based room temperature ionic liquids were prepared using a cleaner synthetic method. Chemicophysical properties were well correlated with the wide range of amino acid chemical structures.

scholarly journals Sustainability Evaluation of Non-Toxic Jatropha curcas in Rural Marginal Soil for Obtaining Biodiesel Using Life-Cycle Assessment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2746
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Pérez ◽  
Jorge M. Islas-Samperio
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainability Evaluation ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Energy Products ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Marginal Soil

Using information from an experimental planting of non-toxic Jatropha curcas (NTJC) with minimal water and fertilization resources on rural marginal soil the objective of this article is to determine the sustainability of this raw material for producing biodiesel and the possibilities for improving it through life-cycle assessment (LCA). Three production scenarios were studied: minimal resources (MR), which focuses on the obtaining of biodiesel; minimal resources and utilization of sub-products (MRUS), which includes the utilization of the residual products in order to produce food and solid biofuels, as well as biodiesel; and utilization of biofertilizers, flood irrigation, and sub-products (UBIS), which incorporates the use of bio-fertilizers and irrigation in the production system. This study includes the selection of six sustainability indicators, as well as indicators by means of LCA methodology Finally, a sustainability index (SI) for each scenario was determined on the basis of an index of environmental sustainability of energy products (IESEP). Our results indicated that the MR scenario yielded the lowest SI 0.673, while the MRUS scenario had the highest SI 0.956. It concludes that sustainability is greater when it utilizes minimal water and fertilization resources during the raw material production stage, and the residual products are used for food and energy products made possible by the non-toxic properties of Jatropha curcas.

scholarly journals Present and Future Sustainability Development of 3D Metal Printing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Anderson ◽  
Selso Gallegos ◽  
Behnaz Rezaie ◽  
Fardad Azarmi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Toxicity Potential

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing is a relatively new concept and promising technology for industrial production. It is important to investigate the environmental impact of the AM process in light of the critical situation of the Earth. The elimination of some costly prefabrication processes such as molding or post-fabrication stages such as machining and welding required in traditional manufacturing methods favor the AM process and provide great economic advantages. Furthermore, the reduction of manufacturing steps contributes to environmental protection through fewer operations, less material, and energy consumption, and reduced transportation. This study is a preliminary work for analyses of environmental impact and life cycle of some well-known AM technologies for manufacturing metallic parts and components. As a case study, fabrication of a pump impeller is simulated through a well-known metal production AM technology and a conventional technology such as a casting process for direct comparison. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is applied to measure the environmental impact in five different stages of pump impeller lifetime with the two different fabrication processes. AM compared to casting has an environmental impact reduction of 15%, 20%, 65%, 20%, and 10% respectively in Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidifications Potential (AP), Water Aquatic Eco-toxicity Potential (FAETP), Human Toxicity Potential (HTP), and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion (ODP). In the pre-manufacturing stage, the AM process has a higher impact on the environment in comparison with the casting process due to intense electricity consumption. Using hydroelectricity and renewable energy electricity mitigates the environmental impact of the AM process in pre-manufacturing and manufacturing stages as temporary until the advancement of AM technology for consuming less energy. Finally, a plan for future research to enhance the environmental sustainability of the AM process is proposed.

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Recovery of Fermentative Organic Acids by Ionic Liquids: An Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Konstantza Tonova
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Method Of Extraction ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The main achievements of liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) of fermentative organic acids from their aqueous sources using a diverse range of ionic liquids are summarized since the first study appeared in 2004. The literature survey is organized in consideration of the distinct chemical structures of the organic acids. The acids discussed include mono– or dicarboxylic ones (butyric, L-malic and succinic acids), acids bearing both carboxyl and hydroxyl groups (L-lactic, citric and mevalonic acids), and volatile organic acids (mainly acetic acid). Information is given about ionic liquids applied in recovery, and the resultant extraction efficiencies and partition coefficients. As the topic is novel and experimental studies scarce, the selection of the ionic liquids that were tested still seems random. This may well change in the future, especially after improving the ecological and toxicological characteristics of the ionic liquids in order to bring about an “in situ” method of extraction without harming the microbial producers of the organic acids.

Life Cycle Assessment of Pyrolysis-Derived Biochar From Organic Wastes and Advanced Feedstocks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Hersh ◽  
Amin Mirkouei
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Environmental Implications

Abstract Recent interest in reducing stress on the food-energy-water (FEW) nexus requires the use of renewable, organic products that can subsequently address environmental sustainability concerns, such as mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Pyrolysis-derived biochar from organic wastes (e.g., nutrient-rich agricultural wastes and leftovers, forest harvest residues, and cattle manure) and advanced feedstocks (e.g., algae) is capable of addressing ever-increasing global FEW concerns. Biochar water-nutrient holding capacity and carbon sequestration are key attributes for improving organic farming and irrigation management. The major challenge to commercialize biochar production from organic wastes is the conversion process. Pyrolysis process is a cost-effective and successful approach in comparison to other conversion technologies (e.g., gasification) due to low energy requirement and capital cost, as well as high process efficiency and biochar quality. To determine the environmental impacts of the biochar production process, an analysis of the material, energy, and emission flows of a small-scale pyrolysis process is conducted for a real case study, using life cycle assessment method with the assistance of available life cycle inventory databases within OpenLCA software. The results demonstrate that this study is able to enhance sustainability aspects across FEW systems by (a) employing a portable refinery to address upstream challenges (i.e., collection, transportation, and preprocessing) of waste-to-biochar life cycle, (b) recycling domestic forest and agricultural residues (e.g., pine wood), (c) producing organic biochar-derived soil conditioners that can improve organic cropping and FEW systems. Ultimately, we conclude by discussing techno-economic and socio-environmental implications of biochar production from organic wastes and advanced feedstocks.

scholarly journals Environmental sustainability of cellulose-supported solid ionic liquids for CO2 capture

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 4100-4114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelayo García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Rosa M. Cuéllar-Franca ◽  
Dan Reed ◽  
George Dowson ◽  
Peter Styring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Environmental Sustainability

The life cycle environmental impacts of cellulose-supported solid ionic liquids are estimated in comparison with a range of other CO2 sorbents.

scholarly journals Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Grid-Integrated Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems in Northern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Abubakar Jumare ◽  
Ramchandra Bhandari ◽  
Abdellatif Zerga
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depletion Potential

Life cycle assessment is a crucial tool in evaluating systems performances for sustainability and decision-making. This paper provided environmental impact of integrating renewable energy systems to the utility-grid based on a baseline optimized energy production data from “HOMER” for renewable systems modelling of a site in northern Nigeria. The ultimate goal was to ascertain the best hybrid option(s) in sustaining the environment. Different assumptions and scenarios were modelled and simulated using Ganzleitlichen Bilanz (GaBi). Uncertainty analysis was ensured to the impact data based on pedigree-matrix and Excel-program, as well as overall policy relevance. The results of the impact categories revealed first scenario (i.e., conventional path-based) with the highest impacts on global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), human toxicity potential (HTP), and abiotic depletion potential (ADPfossils). The lowest impacts arise in the renewable-based scenarios for all the considered categories except the Ozone-layer depletion potential Category where the highest contribution falls in the third scenario (i.e., photovoltaic (PV)/biomass-biogas system) although all values being infinitesimal. In quantitative terms, the reduction in the GWP from the highest being the first scenario to the lowest being the fourth scenario (i.e., wind/biomass-biogas system) was 96.5%. Hence, with the outstanding contributions of the hybrid renewable systems, adopting them especially the lowest impact scenarios with expansions is relevant for environmental sustainability.

Ionic Liquids as Lubricants in Steel-Steel Contacts

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Doerr ◽  
A. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
New Generation

A new generation of lubricants based on pure ionic liquids of varying chemical structures has been evaluated in this work. Friction and wear behaviour of these ionic liquids have been investigated by an oscillating friction and wear tester with ball-on-disk geometry. Tribological experiments have been performed at 30, 100 and 170 °C and results have been compared with three reference lubricants. Ionic liquids were found to be partly superior to the reference lubricants. The chosen ionic liquids were assessed being acceptable to excellent regarding long-term thermal stability at 100 °C. At 150 °C a few ionic liquids still fulfilled requirements of negligible degradation characterized by low evaporation rates and constant physico-chemical properties. Furthermore results clearly showed that the choice of anion and cation is decisive for physico-chemical, tribological and long-term behaviour of ionic liquids.

A Review on Data Mining Techniques Towards Water Sustainability Issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 818-826
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Panda ◽  
A. Sai Sabitha ◽  
Vikas Deep
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
World Population ◽  
Water Sustainability ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

Sustainability is defined as the practice of protecting natural resources for future use without harming the nature. Sustainable development includes the environmental, social, political, and economic issues faced by human being for existence. Water is the most vital resource for living being on this earth. The natural resources are being exploited with the increase in world population and shortfall of these resources may threaten humanity in the future. Water sustainability is a part of environmental sustainability. The water crisis is increasing gradually in many places of the world due to agricultural and industrial usage and rapid urbanization. Data mining tools and techniques provide a powerful methodology to understand water sustainability issues using rich environmental data and also helps in building models for possible optimization and reengineering. In this research work, a review on usage of supervised or unsupervised learning algorithms in water sustainability issues like water quality assessment, waste water collection system and water consumption is presented. Advanced technologies have also helped to resolve major water sustainability issues. Some major data mining optimization algorithms have been compared which are used in piped water distribution networks.

Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Sapota (Chikoo) Powder based Value Added Pasta Product using Semolina (Suji) and Maida

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
SATYA NARAYAN SINGH ◽  
RAJESH G BURBADE ◽  
HITESH SANCHAVAT ◽  
P S PANDIT
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Specific Length

The cereals of today are more nutritious and healthful than ever before. Cereals processing is one of the oldest and the most essential part of all food technologies. Pasta products and noodles have been staple foods since ancient times in many countries all over the world. In this study pasta formulation was substituted with blending sapota powder in different proportions (4 levels i.e. 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) into semolina and maida flour separately. Pasta products were prepared using eight different formulations and adding water (approximately 31% of total weight) in DOLLY pasta extruder machine. All the samples were evaluated for physical properties: specific length (mm/g), bulk density (kg/m3), specific density (kg/m3) and porosity (%); functional properties: water absorption index (%), water solubility index (%) and oil absorption capacity (ml/g) and nutritional compositions: moisture (%), crude protein (%), fat (%) and carbohydrate (%). Highest specific length 36.20 mm/g was observed for T5 treatment, low bulk density 368.10 kg/m3 was observed for T5 and highest porosity 9.24% was found for T1 treatment. The maximum WAI, WSI values 325.83%, 17.33% respectively was observed for T1 treatment and minimum value of oil absorption capacity 1.06 ml/g for T8 treatment. The moisture content of dried pasta products was found in the range of 6 to 7%. The maximum value of crude protein 13.07% was found for T5 and minimum value 8.81% for T4 treatments. The fat contents were varied from 1.02% to 1.28 %. The maximum value of carbohydrate was 76.20% for T1 and minimum value 65.41% for T8.

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