Atomistic insights into the structure and elasticity of densified 45S5 bioactive glasses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Ouldhnini ◽  
Achraf Atila ◽  
Said Ouaskit ◽  
abdellatif hasnaoui
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Model System ◽  
Bioactive Glasses

Glasses have applications in regenerative medicine due to their bioactivity, enabling interactions with hard and soft tissues. Soda-lime phosphosilicate glasses, such as 45S5, represent a model system of bioactive glasses....

Physical Properties and Biological Performance of Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics Tested In Vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 493-494 ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorica Simon ◽  
R. Ciceo Lucacel ◽  
I. Titorencu ◽  
V. Jinga
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cell ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma Cell ◽  
Biological Performance

Lime phosphosilicate and soda lime phosphosilicate glasses prepared by sol-gel method were precursors of bioactive glass-ceramics. The structure of the samples and the distribution of the [SiO4] units was investigated by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Human osteosarcoma cell line (MG63) was used for the in vitro cellular response. DNA staining (Hoechst 33258) assay was performed for assessing samples colonization.

scholarly journals Bioactive Materials for Soft Tissue Repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mazzoni ◽  
Maria Rosa Iaquinta ◽  
Carmen Lanzillotti ◽  
Chiara Mazziotta ◽  
Martina Maritati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Soft Tissue Engineering

Over the past decades, age-related pathologies have increased abreast the aging population worldwide. The increased age of the population indicates that new tools, such as biomaterials/scaffolds for damaged tissues, which display high efficiency, effectively and in a limited period of time, for the regeneration of the body's tissue are needed. Indeed, scaffolds can be used as templates for three-dimensional tissue growth in order to promote the tissue healing stimulating the body's own regenerative mechanisms. In tissue engineering, several types of biomaterials are employed, such as bioceramics including calcium phosphates, bioactive glasses, and glass–ceramics. These scaffolds seem to have a high potential as biomaterials in regenerative medicine. In addition, in conjunction with other materials, such as polymers, ceramic scaffolds may be used to manufacture composite scaffolds characterized by high biocompatibility, mechanical efficiency and load-bearing capabilities that render these biomaterials suitable for regenerative medicine applications. Usually, bioceramics have been used to repair hard tissues, such as bone and dental defects. More recently, in the field of soft tissue engineering, this form of scaffold has also shown promising applications. Indeed, soft tissues are continuously exposed to damages, such as burns or mechanical traumas, tumors and degenerative pathology, and, thereby, thousands of people need remedial interventions such as biomaterials-based therapies. It is known that scaffolds can affect the ability to bind, proliferate and differentiate cells similar to those of autologous tissues. Therefore, it is important to investigate the interaction between bioceramics and somatic/stem cells derived from soft tissues in order to promote tissue healing. Biomimetic scaffolds are frequently employed as drug-delivery system using several therapeutic molecules to increase their biological performance, leading to ultimate products with innovative functionalities. This review provides an overview of essential requirements for soft tissue engineering biomaterials. Data on recent progresses of porous bioceramics and composites for tissue repair are also presented.

S53P4 Bioactive Glass - an Alternative Treatment of Bone Defects

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-389
Author(s):  
Cristian Trambitas ◽  
Tudor Sorin Pop ◽  
Alina Dia Trambitas Miron ◽  
Dorin Constantin Dorobantu ◽  
Klara Brinzaniuc
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Congenital Disease ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Rapid Healing ◽  
Specific Reactions

A challenging problem in orthopedic practice is represented by bone defects may they occur from trauma, malignancy, infection or congenital disease. Bioactive Glasses have a widely recognized ability to foster the growth of bone cells, and to bond strongly with both hard and soft tissues. Upon implantation, Bioactive Glasses undergoes specific reactions, leading to the formation of an amorphous calcium phosphate or crystalline hydroxyapatite phase on the surface of the glass, which is responsible for its strong bonding with the surrounding tissue. This phenomenon sustains a more rapid healing of bone defects and presents great antibacterial properties. In this paper we report on a clinical study that uses S53P4 Bioactive Glass to successfully treat bone defects and testify of the good compatibility of this material with human tissues.

Collagen-Agarose Co-Gels as a Model for Collagen-Matrix Interaction in Soft Tissue

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer P. Lake ◽  
Sadie Doggett ◽  
Victor H. Barocas
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Model System ◽  
Type I ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Fiber Network ◽  
Fibrillar Material

Connective soft tissues have complex mechanical properties that are determined by their collagen fiber network and surrounding non-fibrillar material. The mechanical role of non-fibrillar material and the nature of its interaction with the collagen network remain poorly understood, in part because of the lack of a simple experimental model system to examine and quantify these properties. The development of a simple but representational experimental system will allow for greater insight into the interaction between fibers and the non-fibrillar matrix. Reconstituted Type I collagen gels are an attractive model tissue for exploring micro- and macroscale relationships between constituents (e.g., [1–2]), but standard collagen gels lack the non-fibrillar components (i.e., proteoglycan, minor collagens, etc.) present in native tissue. A recent study [3] added low quantities of agarose to collagen gels, which dramatically increased the shear storage modulus with minimal changes to the collagen fiber network. In this study, we suggest that collagen-agarose co-gels can serve as a model system to investigate the mechanical role of non-fibrillar ECM. Even though agarose is relatively compliant at low concentrations, and collagen fibers are very stiff in tension, we hypothesized that the presence of agarose in co-gels would have a pronounced effect on structural response and mechanical behavior in tensile loading. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the properties of collagen-agarose co-gels to understand better the nature of, and the relationships between, the collagen fiber network and non-fibrillar matrix of simplified tissue analogs.

scholarly journals Grand Challenges in Comparative Tooth Biology

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Darrin Hulsey ◽  
Karly E Cohen ◽  
Zerina Johanson ◽  
Nidal Karagic ◽  
Axel Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Model System ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Open Issues

Abstract Teeth are a model system for integrating developmental genomics, functional morphology, and evolution. We are at the cusp of being able to address many open issues in comparative tooth biology and we outline several of these newly tractable and exciting research directions. Like never before, technological advances and methodological approaches are allowing us to investigate the developmental machinery of vertebrates and discover both conserved and excitingly novel mechanisms of diversification. Additionally, studies of the great diversity of soft tissues, replacement teeth, and non-trophic functions of teeth are providing new insights into dental diversity. Finally, we highlight several emerging model groups of organisms that are at the forefront of increasing our appreciation of the mechanisms underlying tooth diversification.

scholarly journals Structural models of bioactive glasses from molecular dynamics simulations

2009 ◽  
Vol 465 (2104) ◽  
pp. 1003-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Tilocca
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Living Tissues

The bioactive mechanism, by which living tissues attach to and integrate with an artificial implant through stable chemical bonds, is at the core of many current medical applications of biomaterials, as well as of novel promising applications in tissue engineering. Having been employed in these applications for almost 40 years, soda-lime phosphosilicate glasses such as 45S5 represent today the paradigm of bioactive materials. Despite their strategical importance in the field, the relationship between the structure and the activity of a glass composition in a biological environment has not been studied in detail. This fundamental gap negatively affects further progress, for instance, to improve the chemical durability and tailor the biodegradability of these materials for specific applications. This paper reviews recent advances in computer modelling of bioactive glasses based on molecular dynamics simulations, which are starting to unveil key structural features of these materials, thus contributing to improve our fundamental understanding of how bioactive materials work.

Fickian Behavior and Concentration-Dependence of the Diffusion of Dextran in Agarose

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Albro ◽  
Vikram Rajan ◽  
Clark T. Hung ◽  
Gerard A. Ateshian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Nutrient Transport ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Model System ◽  
Large Molecules ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Free Swelling

Various studies have attempted to quantify the effects of loading on nutrient transport in cartilage and other soft tissues. The application of a dynamic mechanical stimulus has been shown to significantly enhance the mechanical properties of chondrocyte-seeded agarose [1]. While the mechanism for this enhancement is still not completely understood, dynamic loading has been shown theoretically [2] as well as experimentally [3] to increase the uptake of large molecules. Since dextran is available in a wide range of molecular weights and can be conjugated with fluorphores, it has become a popular model system for studying solute transport in statically loaded and free swelling gels and tissues [4, 5]. To better characterize this model system, this study uses fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to investigate the Fickian behavior of linear dextran macromolecules as well as the dependence of its diffusivity on concentration.

scholarly journals A model of digestive tooth corrosion in lizards: experimental tests and taphonomic implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krister T. Smith ◽  
Orr Comay ◽  
Lutz Maul ◽  
Fabio Wegmüller ◽  
Jean-Marie Le Tensorer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Model System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
High Enzyme ◽  
Gastric Fluids ◽  
Owl Pellets

AbstractCorrosion patterns induced by gastric fluids on the skeleton of prey animals may depend on the nature of the corrosive agents (acid, enzymes) as well as on the composition of the hard parts and the soft tissues that surround them. We propose a framework for predicting and interpreting corrosion patterns on lizard teeth, our model system, drawing on the different digestive pathways of avian and non-avian vertebrate predators. We propose that high-acid, low-enzyme systems (embodied by mammalian carnivores) will lead to corrosion of the tooth crowns, whereas low-acid, high-enzyme systems (embodied by owls) will lead to corrosion of the tooth shafts. We test our model experimentally using artificial gastric fluids (with HCl and pepsin) and feeding experiments, and phenomenologically using wild-collected owl pellets with lizard remains. Finding an association between the predictions and the experimental results, we then examine corrosion patterns on nearly 900 fossil lizard jaws. Given an appropriate phylogenetic background, our focus on physiological rather than taxonomic classes of predators allows the extension of the approach into Deep Time.

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