Dissection of the potential pharmacological function of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone – a food additive – by in vivo substances profiling and network pharmacology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Xiang Zhang ◽  
Yu-Lin-Lan Yuan ◽  
Shuang-Shuang Cui ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Xuan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
The World ◽  
Pharmacological Function

Food additives are widely used in our daily life, and the side-effects caused by them have gained extensive attention around the world.

Evaluation of By-Products of Potato Peel as Food Additive

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferhat Yuksel ◽  
Aysun Durmaz
Keyword(s):  
Food Additives ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
The World ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
By Products

: The potato plant is an important food source produced all over the world and it provides a significant portion of daily energy intake in nourishment. In addition, a significant rate of vitamins, fibre, mineral matters, protein, and fat can be obtained by consuming potato. In this study, the production, consumption, and usage areas of potato, a crucial source of our diet, and the possibilities of using it as food additives with the nutritional properties of its peel have been investigated. Generally, potato is consumed after its peel is removed in the homes and industrial areas and many of these peels are disposed off as wastes. Studies show that potato peel has a high content of dietary fibre, protein, carbohydrate, mineral matters, vitamin, phenolic, and antioxidant. The use of potato peel as food additives have also been discussed in this study.

Safety Evaluation and Management of Food Additives by FAO/WHO

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 812-815
Author(s):  
Bo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Food Additives ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Food ◽  
Food Control ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Supervision And Management ◽  
The World

Safety and management of additives used in food have become important issues of public and administrative concern. The most important thing to say is that the use of food additives should be controlled by law. An extensive evaluation on the safety of new additives must be carried out before they are allowed to use in food. This paper discusses the safety evaluation and management system for food additives adopted by the FAO/WHO Codex committees, introduces the internationally standards, guidelines, codes and recommendations established by the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme with the purpose of protecting the health of consumers and ensuring fair practices in the world food trade. The conclusion is that these international standards and codes have become the global reference for national food control agencies in performing their food additive supervision and management responsibilities on behalf of the consumers.

scholarly journals In Vivo Comet Assay of Food Additives’ Combinations and their Effects on Biochemical Parameters in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9170-9183
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
The Brain

Although the safety of food additives had been assessed individually, these permitted additives may be unsafe if used together; this study was piloted to assess the safety of various food additive mixtures. Fifty male Albino rats - Wistar strain (4 weeks old) were distributed into 10 groups, the first group orally administered distilled water, the other nine groups orally administered different mixtures of food additives at NOAEL dosage for each food additive for 30 days. Haemoglobin, malondialdehyde, kidney functions, activities of AST, ALT, and ALP. Levels of bilirubin, total protein, and albumin were also determined. Assessment of the genotoxic effect using in vivo alkaline comet assay was performed in the brain, liver, and kidney tissues. The results indicated significant Hb concentration reduction was recorded by all studied food additives’ combination compared to the control group. With the number of additives increases the Hb, total serum protein and albumin contents were significantly (p <0.05) decreased; in contrast, there was an increase in MDA, urea, creatinine, liver function enzyme activity, and bilirubin levels. Also, the examined food additives’ combinations exhibited genotoxic activities with different degrees compared to control rats in the brain, kidney, and liver, with the number of additives increases the genotoxic effect increased.

Therapeutic Effect, Chemical Composition, Ethnobotanical Profile of Eu-calyptus globulus: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Jafari ◽  
Mahin Ramezani ◽  
Homa Nomani ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Amiri ◽  
Ali Tafazoli Moghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Wound Healing Effect ◽  
Main Component

Abstract:: The composition of essential oil (EO) of E. globulus is so different all over the world. The main component of es-sential oil is 1,8-cineole(Compound 64), macrocarpal C(Compound 22), terpenes(Compound 23-92), oleanolic acid (Com-pound 21), and tannins(Compound 93-99). We searched in vitro and in vivo articles and reviewed botanical aspects, thera-peutic activity, chemical composition and mechanism of action of E. globulus. Essential oils and extracts of leaves, stump, wood, root and fruits of E. globulus represented many various medicinal effects including antibacterial, antifungal, antidia-betic, anticancer, anthelmintic, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, protection against UV-B, wound healing effect and stimulating the immune response. Also leaf extract of eucalyptus is used as food additive in industry. Eucalyptus has so many different therapeutic effects and some of these effects confirmed by pharmacological and clinical studies. More clini-cal studies are recommended to confirm the useful pharmacological activity of E. globulus.

A Comparative Ex Vivo Study of Plasminogen Activators and Proteases for Fibrinolytic Activity and Side Effects in Rabbits

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A Janik ◽  
S. E Papaioannou
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Assay System ◽  
Coagulation Parameters ◽  
Ex Vivo Assay

SummaryUrokinase, streptokinase, Brinase, trypsin, and SN 687, a bacterial exoprotease, have been evaluated in an ex vivo assay system. These enzymes were injected into rabbits and the fibrinolytic activity as well as other coagulation parameters were measured by in vitro techniques. Dose-response correlations have been made using the euglobulin lysis time as a measure of fibrinolytic activity and the 50% effective dose has been determined for each enzyme. Loading doses, equal to four times the 50% effective dose, were administered to monitor potential toxicity revealing that Brinase, trypsin, and SN 687 were very toxic at this concentration.Having established the 50% effective dose for each enzyme, further testing was conducted where relevant fibrinolytic and coagulation parameters were measured for up to two days following a 50% effective dose bolus injection of each enzyme. Our results have demonstrated that urokinase and streptokinase are plasminogen activators specifically activating the rabbit fibrinolytic system while Brinase, trypsin and SN 687 increase the general proteolytic activity in vivo.The advantages of this ex vivo assay system for evaluating relative fibrinolytic potencies and side effects for plasminogen activators and fibrinolytic proteases have been discussed.

Acyl-Enzymes as Thrombolytic Agents in Dog Models of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 248-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Dupe ◽  
P D English ◽  
R A G Smith ◽  
J Green
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Beagle Dog ◽  
Thrombosis Model ◽  
Derivatives Of

SummaryA quantitative model of venous thrombosis in the beagle dog is described. The model was adapted to permit ageing of isolated experimental clots in vivo. A model of acute pulmonary embolism in this species is also described. In the venous thrombosis model, infusion of streptokinase (SK) or SK-activated human plasmin gave significant lysis but bolus doses of SK. plasmin complex were ineffective. Active site anisoylated derivatives of SK. plasminogen complex, SK-activated plasmin and activator-free plasmin were all active when given as bolus doses in both models. At lytic doses, the acyl-enzymes caused fewer side-effects attributable to plasminaemia than the corresponding unmodified enzymes.

Mülteci olmak: Mersin’de yaşayan Filistinli mültecilerin göç hikâyeleri

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-224
Author(s):  
Bilge Deniz Çatak
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
Refugee Experience

Filistin tarihinde yaşanan 1948 ve 1967 savaşları, binlerce Filistinlinin başka ülkelere göç etmesine neden olmuştur. Günümüzde, dünya genelinde yaşayan Filistinli mülteci sayısının beş milyonu aştığı tahmin edilmektedir. Ülkelerine geri dönemeyen Filistinlilerin mültecilik deneyimleri uzun bir geçmişe sahiptir ve köklerinden koparılma duygusu ile iç içe geçmiştir. Mersin’de bulunan Filistinlilerin zorunlu olarak çıktıkları göç yollarında yaşadıklarının ve mülteci olarak günlük hayatta karşılaştıkları zorlukların Filistinli kimlikleri üzerindeki etkisi sözlü tarih yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Farklı kuşaklardan sekiz Filistinli mülteci ile yapılan görüşmelerde, dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde mülteci olarak yaşama deneyiminin, Filistinlilerin ulusal bağlılıklarına zarar vermediği görülmüştür. Filistin, mültecilerin yaşamlarında gelenekler, değerler ve duygusal bağlar ile devam etmektedir. Mültecilerin Filistin’den ayrılırken yanlarına aldıkları anahtar, tapu ve toprak gibi nesnelerin saklanıyor olması, Filistin’e olan bağlılığın devam ettiğinin işaretlerinden biridir.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHPalestinian refugees’ lives in MersinIn the history of Palestine, 1948 and 1967 wars have caused fleeing of thousands of Palestinians to other countries. At the present time, its estimated that the number of Palestinian refugees worldwide exceeds five million. The refugee experience of Palestinians who can not return their homeland has a long history and intertwine with feeling of deracination. Oral history interviews were conducted on the effects of the displacement and struggles of daily life as a refugee on the identity of Palestinians who have been living in Mersin (city of Turkey). After interviews were conducted with eight refugees from different generations concluded that being a refugee in the various parts of the world have not destroyed the national entity of the Palestinians. Palestine has preserved in refugees’ life with its traditions, its values, and its emotional bonds. Keeping keys, deeds and soil which they took with them when they departed from Palestine, proving their belonging to Palestine.

Supramolecular Enhancement of Aminoxyl ORCA Contrast Agents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamilton Lee ◽  
Jenica Lumata ◽  
Michael A. Luzuriaga ◽  
Candace Benjamin ◽  
Olivia Brohlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Organic Radical ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Physiological Conditions

<div><div><div><p>Many contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging are based on gadolinium, however side effects limit their use in some patients. Organic radical contrast agents (ORCAs) are potential alternatives, but are reduced rapidly in physiological conditions and have low relaxivities as single molecule contrast agents. Herein, we use a supramolecular strategy where cucurbit[8]uril binds with nanomolar affinities to ORCAs and protects them against biological reductants to create a stable radical in vivo. We further over came the weak contrast by conjugating this complex on the surface of a self-assembled biomacromolecule derived from the tobacco mosaic virus.</p></div></div></div>

Myriad Aspects of Secular Thinking on Malayali Cuisine

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
SAJITHA M
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Civilized Society

Food is one of the main requirements of human being. It is flattering for the preservation of wellbeing and nourishment of the body.  The food of a society exposes its custom, prosperity, status, habits as well as it help to develop a culture. Food is one of the most important social indicators of a society. History of food carries a dynamic character in the socio- economic, political, and cultural realm of a society. The food is one of the obligatory components in our daily life. It occupied an obvious atmosphere for the augmentation of healthy life and anticipation against the diseases.  The food also shows a significant character in establishing cultural distinctiveness, and it reflects who we are. Food also reflected as the symbol of individuality, generosity, social status and religious believes etc in a civilized society. Food is not a discriminating aspect. It is the part of a culture, habits, addiction, and identity of a civilization.Food plays a symbolic role in the social activities the world over. It’s a universal sign of hospitality.[1]

Recent Advances in the Development of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs): Attempts for Sustainable Medicine?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 2503-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kokel ◽  
Marianna Torok
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Background: Since the first isolation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) they have attracted extensive interest in medicinal chemistry. However, only a few AMP-based drugs are currently available on the market. Despite their effectiveness, biodegradability, and versatile mode of action that is less likely to induce resistance compared to conventional antibiotics, AMPs suffer from major issues that need to be addressed to broaden their use. Notably, AMPs can lack selectivity leading to side effects and cytotoxicity, and also exhibit in vivo instability. Several strategies are being actively considered to overcome the limitations that restrain the success of AMPs. Methods: In the current work, recent strategies reported for improving AMPs in the context of drug design and delivery were surveyed, and also their possible impact on patients and the environment was assessed. Results: As a major advantage AMPs possess an easily tunable skeleton offering opportunities to improve their properties. Strategic structural modifications and the beneficial properties of cyclic or branched AMPs in term of stability have been reported. The conjugation of AMPs with nanoparticles has also been explored to increase their in vivo stability. Other techniques such as the coupling of AMPs with specific antibodies aim to increase the selectivity of the potential drug towards the target. These strategies were evaluated for their effect on the environment highlighting green technologies. Conclusion: Although further research is needed taking into account both environmental and human health consequences of novel AMPs, several of these compounds are promising drug candidates for use in sustainable medicine.

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