The Subjective Experience of Word-Finding Difficulties in People With Aphasia: A Thematic Analysis of Interview Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mackenzie E. Fama ◽  
Erin Lemonds ◽  
Galya Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Word Finding ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
General Experience ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Anomia, or difficulty with naming and word finding, is a pervasive deficit among individuals with aphasia. There is an extensive literature on the mechanisms underlying anomia and on approaches to treatment, but very little is known about the subjective experience of anomia during day-to-day life. Method As part of a larger testing battery, 53 adults with poststroke aphasia took part in a novel, structured interview that included an open-ended question about the general experience of anomia: “Do you ever know what you want to say, but you can't say it out loud? Please describe that feeling.” Video-recorded interview responses were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis, an iterative, data-driven process that categorizes interview data into common themes. Results Five main themes emerged among the data from 37 participants who produced adequate responses for use in thematic analysis: strategies to cope with or compensate for anomia, comments on awareness of the level of breakdown (e.g., “I have an idea, but can't get the right words”), negative emotions, impact on relationships, and changes in frequency over time. Conclusions Participants showed strong awareness of anomia and its implications, demonstrating an ability to describe their language breakdown, identify relevant strategies to compensate and/or cope, and acknowledge the impact of anomia on their emotions and social interactions. This patient perspective may serve as a valuable supplement to information typically gained via objective language assessments. Clinicians and researchers may wish to consider incorporating similar subjective measures during assessment and treatment planning. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.15032643

scholarly journals Playing Together, Apart

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Miriam Iorwerth ◽  
Don Knox
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Performance Impact ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Classical Musicians ◽  
Networked Music ◽  
The Impact

Classical musicians in ensembles are accustomed to performing in the same physical space. However, situations such as networked music performance (NMP) require physical separation with audio and sometimes video links. Effects of latency on synchronization have been extensively studied; however, research is limited on the effects of physical separation on the subjective experience of musicians. This separation is likely to have an effect on interaction between musicians as usual channels of communication are interrupted. The impact of this physical separation on the experience of classical musicians in a woodwind soloist and piano accompanist setting was investigated. Three pairs of musicians were recorded in acoustically isolated spaces with audio and video links, and were then interviewed using semi-structured interview techniques. Five themes emerged from the data, namely: adaptability, communication, performance, impact on the musicians, and relationships. Within these themes, musical issues, communication, and social interactions were found to be most challenging for separated musicians, while adaptability helped the musicians in this situation. The video link was used rarely when playing. These issues are important in NMP and are related to the physical separation of the musicians, rather than problems such as latency, which are well documented.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Right to a Fair Trial: Towards a Robot Judge?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper Ulenaers
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Human Judge

AbstractThis paper seeks to examine the potential influences AI may have on the right to a fair trial when it is used in the courtroom. Essentially, AI systems can assume two roles in the courtroom. On the one hand, “AI assistants” can support judges in their decision-making process by predicting and preparing judicial decisions; on the other hand, “robot judges” can replace human judges and decide cases autonomously in fully automated court proceedings. Both roles will be tested against the requirements of the right to a fair trial as protected by Article 6 ECHR.An important element in this test is the role that a human judge plays in legal proceedings. As the justice system is a social process, the AI assistant is preferred to a situation in which a robot judge would completely replace human judges. Based on extensive literature, various examples and case studies, this paper concludes that the use of AI assistants can better serve legitimacy and guarantee a fair trial.

scholarly journals The Personal and Professional Impact of Patients’ Complaints on Doctors—A Qualitative Approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Bianca Hanganu ◽  
Beatrice Gabriela Ioan
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Personal Impact ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Professional Impact ◽  
Investigation Process

Background: Complaints regarding medical practice represent a harsh reality of the current world. Patients have the right to receive explanations and compensation when they are injured during the medical act, but the increased potential for exposure to complaints determines personal and professional consequences for the doctors, with significant impact on their health and practice. Thus, the aim of our research was to analyze in depth the impact of complaints on the doctors involved. Materials and methods: The authors conducted a qualitative study, using a semi-structured interview, addressed to doctors who had complaints from patients. The participants in our research were identified using an adapted version of the snowball method. Results: After the analysis of the interviews using the inductive method, nine themes resulted, seven of which are addressed in this paper: injustice, personal impact, professional impact, difficulties, supportive factors, the attitude of the hospital management and the attitude of colleagues. At the personal level, the doctors were overwhelmed by insomnia, nightmares, stress and anxiety, and at the professional level by doubts about medical decisions, fear, anxiety and the tendency to avoid patients with severe diseases. Conclusions: The study revealed that physicians who had complaints from patients are deeply affected by the complaint itself and the associated investigation procedure, even if, to a lesser extent, some of the participants found motivation for a better management of the situation. The study also showed the need for changes in the legal and medical systems in order to create mechanisms to support the doctors during the investigation process.

scholarly journals A qualitative research on the determination of factors which create organizational distrust in regular high school managers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Sinan Başaran ◽  
Oktay Akbaş
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the actual research is to determine the factors which create organizational distrust in regular high school managers. Semi-structured interview method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the present study. Managers of 3 regular high schools which are located in the city center of Kırıkkale were interviewed. The factors which create organizational distrust in regular high school managers were grouped under 4 categories after the content analysis. These categories are as follows: Employees' behaviors which cause distrust in managers, legislation and practices of the Ministry of National Education, characteristics and features of the school and other managers' behaviors which cause distrust in high school managers. High school managers stated that the abuse of the right to receive health certificate which is provided by the law No. 657, political and other kinds of pressures that employees put on the managers, low amount of subsidies sent to regular high schools, populist explanations of the Ministry for the public, not being authorized (for managers) to choose assistant managers, the legislation which does not give authorization to local governors and the impact of politicians on school managers created a distrust in them. This research revealed that the factors which cause distrust in high school managers resulted mostly from the structure of public institutions and cultural structure.

Hospital Outdoor Spaces: User Experience and Implications for Design

2021 ◽  
pp. 193758672110454
Author(s):  
Victrine Tseung ◽  
Lee Verweel ◽  
Martha Harvey ◽  
Tim Pauley ◽  
Jan Walker
Keyword(s):  
Patient Experience ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis

Objectives: This article aims to describe users’ perspectives about the impact of hospital outdoor spaces on the patient experience in a postacute setting. Background: Hospital outdoor space is an important element in healthcare facility design. There is growing evidence that access to green space within hospital outdoor spaces facilitates healing. However, limited studies have explored the users’ perspective regarding how hospital outdoor spaces impact the patient experience. Methods: As part of a hospital preoccupancy evaluation, users (patients, family, and staff) were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview to describe their experiences in the hospital’s outdoor spaces. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Seventy-four individuals participated in this study: 24 inpatients, 15 outpatients, 11 family, 23 staff, and one volunteer. Three themes were identified: (1) outdoor space benefits healing by helping patients focus on life beyond their illness, (2) design of healthcare spaces facilitates patients’ access to outdoor space to benefit healing, and (3) programming in the outdoor space promotes healing and recovery. Conclusions: This study describes the users’ perspective regarding the value of outdoor spaces and the design elements that influence the patient experience.

scholarly journals "The brain can't cope": Insights about reading from people with chronic aphasia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Webster ◽  
Amy Samouelle ◽  
Julie Morris
Keyword(s):  
Reading Ability ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reading Activities ◽  
The Impact

Background: Reading difficulties are a common feature of aphasia. There has been limited in-depth investigation of how individuals perceive their difficulties and the impact of their reading difficulties on everyday activities.Aims: This study explored the reading experiences of people with aphasia, asking them to describe pre- and post-morbid reading, considering aspects relevant to the different components of the International Classification of Disability and Functioning (ICF) (World Health Organisation (WHO), 2002). It also considered the relationship between use of technology (computers and mobile phones) and reading.Methods & Procedures: Ten people with chronic, mild to moderate aphasia participated in the study. A semi-structured interview was carried out. Responses were transcribed verbatim and then analysed using the framework method. Themes were identified for pre-morbid reading, current (post-morbid) reading and for questions related to technology.Outcomes: The results highlight the complexity of factors influencing reading and the individual variation in reading ability, the importance and frequency of reading and reading activities. Post-morbidly, there was a perceived decline in reading ability, with multi-faceted reading difficulties reported. Importantly, changes in reading activity reflected changes in role (for example, employment status) as well as change due to the reading difficulties. It was difficult to determine the influence of reading difficulties on the use of technology.Conclusions: The implications for the assessment and treatment of reading in aphasia are explored.

scholarly journals Reimagining a Transnational Right to the City: No Border Actions and Commoning Practices in Thessaloniki

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalampos Tsavdaroglou
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Important Field ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Although there is extensive literature on State migration policies and NGO activities, there are few studies on the common struggles between refugees and local activists. This article aims to fill this research gap by focusing on the impact of the transnational No Border camp that took place in Thessaloniki in 2016. The border region of northern Greece, with its capital Thessaloniki, is at the heart of the so-called refugee crisis and it is marked by a large number of solidarity initiatives. After the sealing of the “Balkan corridor”, the Greek State relocated thousands of refugees into isolated and inappropriate camps on the outskirts of Thessaloniki. Numerous local and international initiatives, with the participation of refugees from the camps, self-organized a transnational No Border camp in the city center that challenged State policies. By claiming the right to the city, activists from all over Europe, together with refugees, built direct-democratic assemblies and organized a multitude of direct actions, demonstrations, and squats that marked the city’s social body with spatial disobedience and transnational commoning practices. Here, activism emerges as an important field of research and this article aims to contribute to activists’ literature on migration studies after 2015. The article is based on militant research and inspired by the Lefebvrian right to the city, the autonomy of migration, and common space approaches. The right to the city refers to the rights to freedom, socialization, and habitation, but also to the right to reinvent and change the city. It was recently enhanced by approaches on common spaces and the way these highlight the production of spaces based on solidarity, mutual help, common care, and direct democracy. The main findings of this study point to how the struggle of migrants when crossing physical and social borders inspires local solidarity movements for global networking and opens up new possibilities to reimagine and reinvent transnational common spaces.

scholarly journals The Relations between Islam and Secularism: The Impact on Social Behavior in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Nik Ahmad Hisham Ismail ◽  
Mustafa Tekke
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
Islam And Secularism ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The Right ◽  
Islamic Belief ◽  
The Impact

<p class="apa">Secularism as central to society and human life may bring undesired negative consequences in Muslim societies. Increasing social problems among juveniles in Turkey raised questions regarding the right personality development and education of young people. In extending further analysis, we conducted semi-structured interview with experts to assess the level of Turkish personality and impact of Said Nursi, who is a very influential Islamic scholar in Turkish society and to the Islamic movement in general. This study implies that education integrated with Islamic belief and practice will be more influential to educate Turkish Muslims, rather than secular based teaching. This result will be a guideline for educationists and counselors. In future study, developing a personality scale integrated with belief and practice will be beneficial to Muslim communities.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer assessment in primary care: a qualitative study of GP views

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0056
Author(s):  
Stephanie Archer ◽  
Natalia Calanzani ◽  
Stephanie Honey ◽  
Margaret Johnson ◽  
Richard Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cancer Symptoms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Remote Consultations ◽  
Urgent Action

BackgroundEarly diagnosis is key to improve cancer outcomes, and most cancers are diagnosed in primary care after initial symptomatic presentation. Emerging evidence suggests an increase in avoidable cancer deaths owing to the COVID-19 pandemic.AimTo understand GPs’ views on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical assessment of possible cancer.Design & settingGPs were purposively sampled based on age, sex, and years of experience. Interviews were conducted via Zoom or Microsoft Teams in August and September 2020. Transcribed recordings were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. The Model of Pathways to Treatment guided the analysis.MethodA qualitative semi-structured interview study with GPs from the East of England.ResultsThree themes were identified across 23 interviews on GP views on the impact of: (1) patient help-seeking on symptoms at presentation; (2) remote consultations on managing patients with possible cancer symptoms; and (3) the COVID-19 pandemic on triaging and referring patients with possible cancer. There were positive changes to practice, but concerns were raised about the adequacy of remote consultations for assessing symptoms. Some GPs reported delayed cancer diagnoses, and uncertainty about how to manage backlog in referrals.ConclusionThis study provides new evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on assessing symptomatic patients. Recommendations are made to inform safe and effective primary care clinical practice. Urgent action is needed to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and ensure appropriate symptomatic assessment now and in the future.

The Perspective of Older Men With Depression on Suicide and Its Prevention in Primary Care

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Vannoy ◽  
Mijung Park ◽  
Meredith R. Maroney ◽  
Jürgen Unützer ◽  
Ester Carolina Apesoa-Varano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Background: Suicide rates in older men are higher than in the general population, yet their utilization of mental health services is lower. Aims: This study aimed to describe: (a) what primary care providers (PCPs) can do to prevent late-life suicide, and (b) older men's attitudes toward discussing suicide with a PCP. Method: Thematic analysis of interviews focused on depression and suicide with 77 depressed, low-socioeconomic status, older men of Mexican origin, or US-born non-Hispanic whites recruited from primary care. Results: Several themes inhibiting suicide emerged: it is a problematic solution, due to religious prohibition, conflicts with self-image, the impact on others; and, lack of means/capacity. Three approaches to preventing suicide emerged: talking with them about depression, talking about the impact of their suicide on others, and encouraging them to be active. The vast majority, 98%, were open to such conversations. An unexpected theme spontaneously arose: "What prevents men from acting on suicidal thoughts?" Conclusion: Suicide is rarely discussed in primary care encounters in the context of depression treatment. Our study suggests that older men are likely to be open to discussing suicide with their PCP. We have identified several pragmatic approaches to assist clinicians in reducing older men's distress and preventing suicide.

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