Generational Differences in Work Ethic Among Speech-Language Pathologists

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Helga M. McCullough ◽  
Trent Gaugler
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Generational Cohorts ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose To date, there is limited available research with a specific focus on the potential differences in work ethic among speech-language pathologists from different social generations. The purpose of this study was to provide a better understanding of the work ethic profile of three generations of speech-language pathologists and, in particular, of any differences in work ethic profiles among the three generations. Method This study used a quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional design to better understand work ethic among the three generations of speech-language pathologists through the use of an online survey containing the Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile–Short Form. Results The 814 surveys analyzed indicated that the three distinct generations of speech-language pathologists exhibited differences in four out of the seven dimensions of work ethic. Conclusions Through this study, the authors developed a work ethic profile for each of the three generations of speech-language pathologists licensed in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. While there were some similarities in the dimensions of work ethic among the three generational cohorts, statistically significant differences were discovered in the dimensions of Morality/Ethics, Leisure, Centrality of Work, and Wasted Time. Understanding differences in work ethic could be beneficial to employers, administrators, and supervisors for recruitment and retention purposes as well as to speech-language pathologists who work with colleagues of different generational cohorts.

Can do and reason to: when are proactive employees willing to share negative information?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Marler ◽  
Susie S. Cox ◽  
Marcia J. Simmering ◽  
Bryan L. Rogers ◽  
Curtis F. Matherne
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
Proactive Personality ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motivational States ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose Information sharing is vital to organizational operations, yet employees are often reluctant to share negative information. This paper aims to gain insight into which employees will be reluctant to share negative information and when by drawing from the proactive motivation literature examining effects of proactive personality and motivational states on individuals’ willingness to share negative information. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional design was used, with data collected from a final sample of 393 individuals via an online survey. Hypotheses were tested using correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Findings Interactive effects indicate proactive individuals with accompanying high levels of role breadth self-efficacy (“can do”) or high levels of felt responsibility for constructive change (“reason to”) were less likely to be reluctant to share negative information. However, findings also suggest proactive individuals with lower levels of proactive motivation avoid sharing negative information. Originality/value The findings extend what is known about personality factors and employee willingness to share information to highlight which employees may be likely to avoid sharing negative information. The authors also examine the moderating influence of proactive motivational states on the relationships between proactive personality and reluctance to share negative information.

scholarly journals Mental Health, Sense of Coherence, and Interpersonal Violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3708
Author(s):  
Stefanie Jung ◽  
Jonas Kneer ◽  
Tillmann H. C. Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Western Country ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Patient Health

Preliminary data indicates that the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) pandemic may have a substantial impact on mental health and well-being. We assessed mental health in response to the lockdown in Germany between 1 April 2020 and 15 April 2020 using a cross-sectional online survey (n = 3545) with a mixed-methods approach. We found increased levels of psychosocial distress (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) stress module), anxiety, depressive symptoms (PHQ-4), irritability, and a decrease in overall well-being (WHO-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)), sense of coherence (Short Form of the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-L9)), sexual contentment, and sleep quality. The four-week-prevalence of interpersonal violence was yet at 5% and included verbal, physical, and sexual violence. Participants reported finding comfort in family, friends, conversation, exercise, and activity. Findings are also in line with research showing that women seem to have more trouble coping with the pandemic and lockdown measures. Our observations demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic and related measures lead to a mental health burden even in a highly developed Western country and should, therefore, be taken seriously. The findings for interpersonal violence are alarming. Thus, we should sharpen our focus on the matter and activate and enhance supporting systems to help protect those affected.

Antecedents for user intention to adopt another auction site

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan-Chen Tseng ◽  
Ching-I. Teng
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Network Externality ◽  
Online Auction ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
User Intention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intention To Adopt ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose – Multiple adoption (the adoption of another auction site in addition to the present one) enables startup or non-leading firms to survive and grow by eroding the customer bases of market leaders. Thus understanding multiple adoption is important. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose and examines antecedents of user intention to adopt another online auction site. Design/methodology/approach – This study utilized a cross-sectional design and an online survey, obtaining 495 valid responses. Findings – Analytical results indicate that self-efficacy and inherent novelty seeking contribute to the intention to adopt another auction site. Moreover, transaction opportunities enhance the intention. Perceived network externality also increases the intention. However, perceived relational switching costs reduce such intention. Originality/value – This study is new in investigating why users intend to use another auction site and identifying the antecedents.

Variation in career and workplace attitudes by generation, gender, and culture differences in career perceptions in the United States and China

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Yi ◽  
Barbara Ribbens ◽  
Linna Fu ◽  
Weibo Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Work Values ◽  
The United States ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare and understand how age, gender and culture affect individual career and work-related attitudes in Chinese and American samples. Design/methodology/approach – Online and printed questionnaires were administered to employees and managers in China, whereas in the USA, faculty, staff and students at a Midwestern university responded to an online survey. Snowball sampling technique was used to collect data. Independent sample t-tests were conducted to test the hypothesis. Findings – The study showed different work values and attitudes in the workplace between Chinese and the US samples, and indicated the specifics influences that national culture has on them. Culture affects generational changes; generational differences in the US sample are bigger than in Chinese sample; work values differ across generations and cultures; traditional gender role differences persist more strongly across generations in Chinese sample than in the US sample. Research limitations/implications – Generalizability issues; cross-sectional data. Practical implications – US-based multi-national corporations need to understand these differences and better manage their diverse employees operating in China. Originality/value – This study compared generation, culture and gender differences simultaneously; parallel groups at similar life stages were used by basing the boundaries of each generation on the distinct cultural events of each nation. This approach is more consistent with generation definitions than by using influential specific events of each country, respectively. Useful to managers, it will provide guidance for understanding work values and attitudes across gender and generations in the USA and China. Most benefit will occur for US based multinational companies that have Chinese operations, and manage employees with cultural, gender and generational differences.

scholarly journals Compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction among psychologists: Can supervision and a reflective stance be of help?

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela Dehlin ◽  
Lars-Gunnar Lundh
Keyword(s):  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Compassion Satisfaction ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helping Others ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The pleasure derived from helping others is referred to as compassion satisfaction (CS). When a psychologist feels a too heavy demand to be compassionate and effective in helping, however, this may result in compassion fatigue (CF). CF may take the form of burnout or secondary traumatic stress (STS). The present paper focuses on two factors that may possibly protect against the development of CF, and facilitate the development of CS: (1) access to supervision and (2) a reflective stance. An online survey was distributed to two closed Swedish Facebook groups of psychologists, and complete data were obtained from 374 psychologists (320 women and 63 men). Both variable-oriented and person-oriented analyses were carried out. Correlational analysis showed that both supervision and reflection was associated with more CS, whereas only supervision but not reflection was significantly associated with less CF. Cluster analysis gave a more nuanced picture, suggesting a non-linear and multi-faceted association between reflection and CF. Some clusters of psychologists showed the expected association between level of reflection and level of CF. This was balanced, however, by other clusters that showed an association in the opposite direction, indicating high levels of reflection in clinicians with high levels of CF, and low levels in clinicians with low levels of CF. The results are discussed in terms of these differences in associative patterns possibly being due to different patient populations being involved. Among the limitations of the present study are its cross-sectional design, absence of data on patient characteristics, and a crude measure of supervision and reflection. Keywords: Compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, supervision, reflective stance

scholarly journals Insufficient Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors among Medical Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10257
Author(s):  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Hashaam Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Junaid Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Policies And Programs

Background: The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in social distancing and isolation which leads to insufficient physical activity and thereby increases sedentary behaviors. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of insufficient physical activity and sedentary behaviors among medical students during the COVID-19 lockdown in Pakistan, and to determine their associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among 407 medical students from the Punjab and Sindh provinces between May and June 2020. To collect data, an e-questionnaire was sent to obtain informed consent along with questions concerning socio-demographics as well as an International Physical Activity Questionnaires–Short Form (IPAQ–SF). Results: As per the IPAQ, almost five in ten participants were physically inactive (48.2%), and 45.2% reported sedentary behaviors. Participants with insufficient physical activity were more likely to report sedentary behaviors than their counterparts (AOR = 2.53; 95% CI = 1.66–3.85, p < 0.001). The odds of insufficient physical activity were higher among the participants who did not strictly follow the COVID-19 preventive measures (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.35–4.69, p = 0.004); similarly, there were increased odds of sedentary behaviors observed among participants within a normal weight range compared to those who were underweight (AOR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.76–4.11, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Insufficient physical activity and sedentary behavior are prevalent among medical students in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings indicate the importance of establishing tailored policies and programs to encourage young adults to engage in physical activity.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Concerns and Personality of Commerce Workers: Its Influence on Burnout

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12908
Author(s):  
Ana María Rodríguez-López ◽  
Susana Rubio-Valdehita
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

We analyze burnout in a sample of commercial workers in Spain and its relationship with sociodemographic variables, personality, and concern about the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their jobs through a cross-sectional design. Participants (n = 614) answered an online survey, including questions about sociodemographic data, concern, NEO-FFI (personality), and MBI (burnout syndrome). The survey took place from October 2020 to May 2021. We assessed the relationships between sociodemographic variables, pandemic concern, and personality as predictors of burnout by hierarchical regression analysis and then tested using SEM (structural equation models). The proposed model showed adequate goodness-of-fit indices. The results of the present study suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had little effect to the development of burnout syndrome in commerce employees. However, in agreement with previous literature, the present study shows that personality has a significant role in predicting burnout. Neuroticism, introversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness were strong predictors for burnout dimensions. In addition, we found that personality directly affected the pandemic concern: individuals with high levels of Neuroticism and low levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness have more pandemic concerns. In conclusion, personality is an important factor that affects the level of workers’ concern about the influence of the pandemic on their job and the development of burnout syndrome. Furthermore, although we found significant differences between groups formed by various sociodemographic characteristics, the conclusion regarding this type of variable is that their ability to predict burnout is deficient.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Levels and Related Energy Expenditure during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Sicilian Active Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Giustino ◽  
Anna Maria Parroco ◽  
Antonio Gennaro ◽  
Giuseppe Musumeci ◽  
Antonio Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Italian government has adopted containment measures to control the virus’s spread, including limitations to the practice of physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to estimate the levels of PA, expressed as energy expenditure (MET–minute/week), among the physically active Sicilian population before and during the last seven days of the COVID-19 quarantine. Furthermore, the relation between this parameter and specific demographic and anthropometric variables was analyzed. Methods: 802 Sicilian physically active participants (mean age: 32.27 ± 12.81 years; BMI: 23.44 ± 3.33 kg/m2) were included in the study and grouped based on gender, age and BMI. An adapted version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—short form (IPAQ-SF) was administered to the participants through an online survey. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test were used for statistical analyses. Results: As expected, we observed a significant decrease of the total weekly energy expenditure during the COVID-19 quarantine (p < 0.001). A significant variation in the MET–min/wk in the before quarantine condition (p = 0.046) and in the difference between before and during quarantine (p = 0.009) was found for males and females. The male group decreased the PA level more than the female one. Moreover, a significant difference in the MET–min/wk was found among groups distributions of BMI (p < 0.001, during quarantine) and of age (p < 0.001, both before and during quarantine). In particular, the highest and the lowest levels of PA were reported by the young and the elderly, respectively, both before and during quarantine. Finally, the overweight group showed the lowest level of PA during quarantine. Conclusion: Based on our outcomes, we can determine that the current quarantine has negatively affected the practice of PA, with greater impacts among males and overweight subjects. In regards to different age groups, the young, young adults and adults were more affected than senior adults and the elderly.

scholarly journals Analysis of Physical Activity and Comorbidities in Spanish Asthmatics

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5256
Author(s):  
Sheila Sánchez Castillo ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Arturo Díaz Suárez ◽  
Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent Of Task ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Chronic Anxiety

The prevalence of comorbidities in asthmatics is high. Comorbidities may complicate the clinical management of asthma, increasing the risk for exacerbation and even death. The objective of the present research was to establish the prevalence of 31 asthma comorbidities and to assess the association of these comorbidities with physical activity (PA) in Spanish asthmatics. Data of the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (cross-sectional design) were used in this study. A total of 1014 people (42.1% males) with asthma participated in this study (age range 15–69 years). The IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) short form was the instrument administered to evaluate PA (exposure), and the self-reported answer to the question “Have you ever been diagnosed with…?” determined the presence of comorbidities (outcomes). This association was assessed by multivariable logistic regression. Results demonstrated a huge presence of comorbidities (89.3%). The most prevalent were chronic allergy (61.1%), chronic lumbar pain (28.7%), chronic cervical pain (24.2%), high cholesterol (20.9%), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (19.4%), migraine (19.2%) and hypertension (19.3%). PA level under 600 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)·min/week showed a significant association with urinary incontinence (3.10 [1.62–5.94]), osteoporosis (1.90 [1.00–3.61]) and chronic anxiety (1.69 [1.13–2.53]). Therefore, comorbidities and PA levels should be considered in the prevention and treatment of asthmatics, in order to improve their quality of life.

Evaluating the Outcomes for Bereaved People Supported by a Community-Based Suicide Bereavement Service

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-444
Author(s):  
Marc Gehrmann ◽  
Sara Dawn Dixon ◽  
Victoria Suzanne Visser ◽  
Mark Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Grief Reactions

Abstract. Background: Postvention services aim to support people bereaved by suicide and reduce the adverse impacts associated with suicide bereavement. StandBy Support After Suicide is a community-based suicide bereavement service that provides support and a coordinated response for people bereaved by suicide. Aims: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the StandBy service in reducing suicidality, grief reactions associated with suicide bereavement, and social isolation among clients. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional design using an online survey was used to compare StandBy clients with people bereaved by suicide who did not access the StandBy service. Results: Among people whose most recent loss to suicide was within the past 12 months, people supported by StandBy were significantly less likely to be at risk of suicidality, experience a loss of social support, and experience social loneliness compared with people bereaved by suicide who had not accessed the StandBy service. Limitations: Owing to the use of a cross-sectional design, it was not possible to determine changes over time. Conclusion: Postvention in the form of a community-based crisis intervention, at the time of or close to a suicide, is effective in reducing adverse outcomes associated with suicide bereavement, and an important aspect of suicide prevention.

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