scholarly journals Plant characteristics determination in sand pits near Moscow

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 00010
Author(s):  
Alaa Dabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Sand Pits ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Sand pits are man-made landforms, where vegetation selfrestoration becomes very difficult. An in-depth study of sand pits’ flora and vegetation must be done in order to restore the complete canopy on sand substrate, which prevents the movement of slopes. In Zvenigorod and Dzerzhinsk sand pits, aged about 70 years, we have studied the slopes with northern and southern exposure for 3 years. The article shows that all the 131 species which we have found in the surveyed area were species of vascular plants. Projective cover degree made up 20-30% which, in general, is a typical characteristic of sandy terrain. Hemicryptophytes dominate the spectrum of life forms by K. Raunkiaer in our research. According to the classification of life forms by I. G. Serebryakov, sand slopes are dominated by herbaceous perennial polycarpics, among which long and short rhizome plants and tap rooted plants are in majority. A significant proportion of tap rooted plants is due to their high degree of adaptation to strong light conditions and resistance to drought. Long-and short rhizome plants tend to loose substrates and soft soils.

scholarly journals A study on Moscow region sand pits’ plants properties for the restoration of sand pits vegetation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
Alaa Dabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Sand Pits ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Processes of plant regeneration and restoration of destroyed ecosystems, naturally occurring, in such areas are very slow. Considering sand pits as a man-made form of relief necessitates a comprehensive study of the features of sand pits vegetation, which helps stop the movement of sandy slopes, stabilize sands, and land reclamation. We have studied the slopes of the northern and southern exposition in some sand quarries (Zvenigorodsky, Dzerzhinsky, Ramensky (GOK), Lytkarinsky, Lyzlovo). Geobotanical descriptions, performed according to a standard method on the experimental areas of 5×5 square meters, are the basis of our work. The article shows that all the 93 species which we have found in the surveyed area were species of vascular plants. In this case the number of species is not only determined by the smooth running development of the landscape (taking into account the fact that the interference was rude and had a man-made factors), but by other factors such as steep slopes, light, moisture, and richness of the soil. The projective cover of sand pits constitutes 20-30 % which, in general, is a typical characteristic of sandy terrain [3]. Plants overwhelming majority in the spectrum of life forms according to K. Raunkiaer, are Hemicryptophytes, which is typical for the phytocoenosis of the Central Russia. It can be noted that the Chamaephytes are absent in most quarries, except for Dzerzhinsky. According to the classification of life forms by I.G. Serebryakov, sand slopes are dominated by herbaceous perennial polycarpics, among which long and short rhizome plants and tap rooted plants are in majority. Meadow plants are dominant in ecological-coenotic group. This group consists of fully developed plants, only, under conditions of good lighting. The rate of adventive species is low.

scholarly journals Serial Analysis of the Gut and Respiratory Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis in Infancy: Interaction between Intestinal and Respiratory Tracts and Impact of Nutritional Exposures

mBio ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Madan ◽  
D. C. Koestler ◽  
B. A. Stanton ◽  
L. Davidson ◽  
L. A. Moulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Pulmonary Damage ◽  
Chronic Colonization ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Pulmonary damage caused by chronic colonization of the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung by microbial communities is the proximal cause of respiratory failure. While there has been an effort to document the microbiome of the CF lung in pediatric and adult patients, little is known regarding the developing microflora in infants. We examined the respiratory and intestinal microbiota development in infants with CF from birth to 21 months. Distinct genera dominated in the gut compared to those in the respiratory tract, yet some bacteria overlapped, demonstrating a core microbiota dominated by Veillonella and Streptococcus. Bacterial diversity increased significantly over time, with evidence of more rapidly acquired diversity in the respiratory tract. There was a high degree of concordance between the bacteria that were increasing or decreasing over time in both compartments; in particular, a significant proportion (14/16 genera) increasing in the gut were also increasing in the respiratory tract. For 7 genera, gut colonization presages their appearance in the respiratory tract. Clustering analysis of respiratory samples indicated profiles of bacteria associated with breast-feeding, and for gut samples, introduction of solid foods even after adjustment for the time at which the sample was collected. Furthermore, changes in diet also result in altered respiratory microflora, suggesting a link between nutrition and development of microbial communities in the respiratory tract. Our findings suggest that nutritional factors and gut colonization patterns are determinants of the microbial development of respiratory tract microbiota in infants with CF and present opportunities for early intervention in CF with altered dietary or probiotic strategies. IMPORTANCE While efforts have been focused on assessing the microbiome of pediatric and adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients to understand how chronic colonization by these microbes contributes to pulmonary damage, little is known regarding the earliest development of respiratory and gut microflora in infants with CF. Our findings suggest that colonization of the respiratory tract by microbes is presaged by colonization of the gut and demonstrated a role of nutrition in development of the respiratory microflora. Thus, targeted dietary or probiotic strategies may be an effective means to change the course of the colonization of the CF lung and thereby improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Identification of the degree of impact of dams on the hydrologic regime of semi-arid rivers: an evaluation of the DHRAM method

RBRH ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiah Caroline Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
◽  
Andrea Sousa Fontes ◽  
Lafayette Dantas da Luz ◽  
Sandra Maria Conceição Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Flow Regulation ◽  
Hydrologic Regime ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Operating Rules ◽  
Hydrologic Variability ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT The flow regulation that results from the implantation of dams causes consequences to the river ecosystems due to the modification on the characteristics of the hydrologic regime. The investigation of these changes become relevant, mainly in semi-arid regions where there is a great amount of these hydraulic structures and lack of such analyzes. Considering the above, this paper aims to evaluate the Dundee Hydrological Regime Alteration Method (DHRAM) through the classification of the degree of impact of dams located on rivers Itapicuru, Paraguaçu and their tributaries, verifying the adequacy of its use to represent the semi-arid hydrologic regime. Thereby, the DHRAM was applied in three versions: considering the thresholds that define the scores to classify the degree of impact in its original set (accordingly to Black et al. (2005)); with the adjustment of those thresholds to local conditions; and, with the regrouping of variables and adjustment of thresholds. The results showed that the method in its original set is applicable to semi-arid rivers, however it tends to be very restrictive against the high natural hydrologic variability characteristic of these rivers, and it ends up pointing to a high degree of alteration for dams that are known for not causing a very siginifcant flow regulation. The DHRAM with the regrouping of variables and the adjustment of thresholds presented the classification that approached the most to the known characteristics of the studied dams, being useful for the evaluation of the impact of dams still in project, and also to guide the adoption of operating rules that minimize the most significant hydrologic alterations that are identified.

BIOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DENDROFLORA OF NNP «NYZHNIODNIPROVSKYI»

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Pavlova N.R. ◽  
Dzerkal V.M. ◽  
Ponomareva А.А.
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Morphological Classification ◽  
Salix Alba ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Architectural Models

In order to preserve, reproduce and effectively use the natural complexes and objects of the DniproDelta as one of the most valuable natural floodplain-littoral complexes in Europe, which have special environmental, recreational, historical and cultural, scientific, educational and aesthetic value, and ensurethe conservationof «DniproDelta»wetland of theinternational importance,the National Natural Park «Lower Dnipro»was created(Decree of the President of Ukraine of November 24, 2015 No 657/2015).The flora of the higher vascular plants of the Park contains 820 species, 40 species of which (4.9% of the total number) are woody plants. Rosaceae Juss. (14 species), Salicaceae Mirb. (7 species), Aceraceae Juss. (3 types) are leading families of the dendroflora of the Park.Biomorphological characteristics of tree plant species in the flora of the Lower Dnipro National Nature Park were carried out according to the following classifications: 1) K. Raunkiersystem of plant life forms; 2) ecological and morphological classification of life forms of I. G. Serebryakov; 3) architectural models of F. Alle, R. Oldeman and P. Tomlinson; 4) classification of the life forms of plants of the temperate zone, which takes into account the vegetative propagation by O. V. Smirnova, L. B. Zaugolnova.AnalysisoftypesofbiomorphsaccordingtotheclassificationofK. Raunkiershowedthatthevastmajorityofdendrofloraspeciesbelongtophanerophytes, amongthem, dependingontheheightoftheplant, therearedifferentgroups-megaphanerophytes(e.g., Populustremula), mesophanerophytes(Salixalba), microphaneorphytes, nanophanerophytes(Amygdalusnana) andhamephytes(Ephedradistachia).According to the ecological and morphological classification of I. G. Serebryakov life forms, the flora of the Park is dominated by forest-steppe trees and forest-type trees.The trees which belong to one life form often differ in the principles of growth and formation of the crown, branching, and general habitus, which is generally considered as an architectural model of a particular species. According to the classification of architectural models by F. Alle, R. Oldeman and P. Tomlinson, in the flora of the Park, there are five models among which the species formed by the model of Tomlinson have a significant representation, and the species formed by the models of Manzheno and Champagne have a smaller representation.Key words:flora, tree, classification, life form, bush. З метою збереження, відтворення і ефективного використання природних комплексів та об’єктів дельти річки Дніпро як одного з найцінніших природних заплавно-літоральних комплексів у Європі, які мають особливу природоохоронну, оздоровчу, історико-культурну, наукову, освітню та естетичну цінність, забезпечення збереження водно-болотного угіддя міжнародного значення «Дельта р. Дніпро» створено Національний природний парк «Нижньодніпровський» (Указ президента України від 24 листопада 2015 року No 657/2015).Флора вищих судинних рослин Парку попередньо складає 820 видів, з них 40 видів (4,9% від загальної кількості) –деревні рослини.Провідні родини дендрофлори Парку –Rosaceae Juss. (14 видів), SalicaceaeMirb. (7 видів), AceraceaeJuss. (3 види). Біоморфологічну характеристику видів деревних рослин у флорі національного природнього парку «Нижньодніпровський» проведено за класифікаціями: 1) система життєвих форм рослин К. Раункієра; 2) еколого-морфологічна класифікація життєвих форм І. Г. Сєрєбрякова; 3) архітектурні моделі Ф. Аллє, Р. Ольдемана і П. Томлінсона; 4)класифікація життєвих форм рослин помірної зони, яка враховує вегетативне розмноження О. В. Смирнової, Л. Б. Заугольнової.Аналіз типів біоморф за класифікацією К. Раункієра показав, що переважна більшість видів дендрофлори належить до фанерофітів, серед них, в залежності від висоти рослини, виділяють різні групи –мегафанерофіти (наприклад, Populus tremula), мезофанерофіти (Salix alba), мікрофанерофіти (Amorpha fruticosa), нанофанерофіти (Amygdalus nana) та хамефіти (Ephedra distachia).За еколого-морфологічною класифікацією життєвих форм І. Г. Сєрєбрякова у флорі Парку домінують дерева лісостепового типу та дерева лісового типу.Дерева, які відносяться до однієї життєвої форми, часто відрізняютьсяпринципами наростання та формування крони, галуженням, загальним габітусом, що загалом розглядається як архітектурна модель конкретного виду. За класифікацією архітектурних моделей Ф.Аллє, Р. Ольдемана і П. Томлінсона у флорі Парку виділено п’ять моделей, серед яких, значне представництво мають види, що формуються за моделлю Томлінсона, менше представництво мають види, що формуються за моделями Манжено та Шампанії.Ключові слова: флора, дерево, класифікація, життєва форма, кущ.

Evaluational Reactions to Erotic Literature

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon A. Jakobovits
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Erotic Literature ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

On the basis of analysis of a variety of erotic literature Kronhausen and Kronhausen (1959) have suggested that there seem to be two general types: erotic realism ( ER) and hard-core obscenity ( O). Using three of the distinguishing criteria which were identified (context, exaggeration, and anti-eroticism), 20 short stories were specifically written in such a way that 10 had the characteristics of ER and the others had the characteristics of O. Study I showed a very high degree of agreement between judges in their classification of these stories as either ER or O. Study II revealed that male and female readers react differentially to the two types of stories. Females consistently rate O as more interesting and sexually stimulating than males do, the latter finding ER as more arousing than O. Other evaluational reactions are also described. A “warm-up” cumulative effect with successive reading was found with both sexes. The possibility of sampling bias affecting the data was noted.

scholarly journals Occurrence of neoxanthin and lutein epoxide cycle in parasitic Cuscuta species.

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kruk ◽  
Renata Szymańska
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
High Light ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Zeaxanthin Epoxidase ◽  
Typical Response ◽  
Cuscuta Species

In the present study, xanthophyll composition of eight parasitic Cuscuta species under different light conditions was investigated. Neoxanthin was not detected in four of the eight species examined, while in others it occurred at the level of several percent of total xanthophylls. In C. gronovii and C. lupuliformis it was additionally found that the neoxanthin content was considerably stimulated by strong light. In dark-adapted plants, lutein epoxide level amounted to 10-22% of total xanthophylls in only three species, the highest being for C. lupuliformis, while in others it was below 3%, indicating that the lutein epoxide cycle is limited to only certain Cuscuta species. The obtained data also indicate that the presence of the lutein epoxide cycle and of neoxanthin is independent and variable among the Cuscuta species. The xanthophyll cycle carotenoids violaxanthin, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin were identified in all the examined species and occurred at the level found in other higher plants. The xanthophyll and lutein epoxide cycle pigments showed typical response to high light stress. The obtained results also suggest that the ability of higher plants to synthesize lutein epoxide probably does not depend on the substrate specificity of zeaxanthin epoxidase but on the availability of lutein for the enzyme.

scholarly journals Performance of Various Deep-Learning Networks in the Seed Classification Problem

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1892
Author(s):  
Recep Eryigit ◽  
Bulent Tugrul
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Symmetry Properties ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Image Set ◽  
Accuracy Performance

We report the results of an in-depth study of 15 variants of five different Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures for the classification of seeds of seven different grass species that possess symmetry properties. The performance metrics of the nets are investigated in relation to the computational load and the number of parameters. The results indicate that the relation between the accuracy performance and operation count or number of parameters is linear in the same family of nets but that there is no relation between the two when comparing different CNN architectures. Using default pre-trained weights of the CNNs was found to increase the classification accuracy by ≈3% compared with training from scratch. The best performing CNN was found to be DenseNet201 with a 99.42% test accuracy for the highest resolution image set.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity in Indian Barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp. complex) using morphological and molecular markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Moharil ◽  
Dipti Gawai ◽  
N. Dikshit ◽  
M.S. Dudhare ◽  
P. V. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Barnyard Millet ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
High Degree

In the present study, morphological and molecular markers (RAPD primers) were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 21 accessions of Echinochloa spp. complex comprising the wild and cultivated species collected from Melghat and adjoining regions of Vidarbha, Maharashtra. The availability of diverse genetic resources is a prerequisite for genetic improvement of any crop including barnyard millet. A high degree of molecular diversity among the landraces was detected. Among the 21 genotypes, two major groups (A and B) were formed, at 67.28 % similarity, which clearly encompasses 15 accessions of E. frumentacea and 6 accessions of E. colona. Higher similarity was observed in accessions of E. frumentacea. The accessions IC 597322 and IC 597323 also IC 597302 and IC 597304 showed more than 94% similarity among themselves. The classification of genetic diversity has enabled clear-cut grouping of barnyard millet accessions into two morphological races (E. frumentacea and E. colona).

scholarly journals Classification & Feature extraction of Brain tumor from MRI Images using Modified ANN Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Harendra Singh ◽  
Roop Singh Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Classification Feature ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
High Degree

In this research paper, a new modified approach is proposed for brain tumor classification as well as feature extraction from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) after pre-processing of the images. The discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) technique is used for feature extraction from MRI images and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used for the classification of the type of tumor according to extracted features. Mean, Standard deviation, Variance, Entropy, Skewness, Homogeneity, Contrast, Correlation are the main features used to classify the type of tumor. The proposed model can give a better result in comparison with other available techniques in less computational time as well as a high degree of accuracy. The training and testing accuracies of the proposed model are 100% and 98.20% with a 98.70 % degree of precision respectively.

scholarly journals Population Characteristics Erodium tataricum Willd.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
E Krylova
Keyword(s):  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ontogenetic Structure ◽  
Tap Root ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Erodium tataricum is a herbaceous perennial multi-headed tap-root (caudex) plant. Hemicryptophyte. Endemic. The ontogenetic structure was studied in the shrub-herb-grass petrophytic steppe. Individuals of the species have four periods and ten ontogenetic states. It was revealed that the population is normal with an incomplete spectrum. In accordance with the classification of A. A. Uranova and O. V. Smirnova the population is definitive. According to the criterion of the absolute maximum, the population is young. The ontogenetic spectrum of the population is left-sided. A specific ontogenetic spectrum corresponds to a characteristic ontogenetic spectrum, i.e. biology of the species. According to the ontogenetic spectrum, the development of the population is characterized as sustainable. The peculiarity of Erodium tataricum is that on all aerial parts of the plant there is abundant pubescence, but in the old generative ontogenetic state, pubescence on the leaves decreases. Reproduction of the species is carried out by seed. In the subsenile ontogenetic state, senile particulation is possible.

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