scholarly journals The dioxin regulation criteria in the agro-industrial complex of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00224
Author(s):  
Radik Gibadullin ◽  
Alsu Gubeidullina ◽  
Vasilii Vinogradov ◽  
Sergei Glushko ◽  
Guzel Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
Mass Coefficient ◽  
Threshold Doses

The article studies the reactions of biochemical, hematological, pathomorphological, immunological and ultrastructural changes in the organisms of laboratory animals that were subjected to chronic dioxin poisoning at threshold doses were studied. There were hold toxicological experiments on white rats of both sexes weighing 155–215 g in order to detect threshold doses. For two months, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (2,3,7,8- TCDD) in amounts corresponding to 1/100 and 1/200 LD 50. After each decade, some of the animals were euthanized and weighed to calculate the mass coefficient of internal organs. The obtained data comparison revealed no statistically significant changes in organ. Continued observation of animals in the experiment for up to two months, characteristic intoxication 2,3,7,8-TCDD clinical signs did not give. The correlation dependence of the minimum effective doses of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, namely 1/400 of LD50 with LD50, was determined. The obtained threshold dose of dioxin can be recommended as the basis for the normalization of dioxin in the Russian agro-industrial complex. There were determined biochemical, hematological and ultrastructural changes in the body of animals exposed to chronic poisoning of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in doses of 1/200, 1/300 of LD50. The article describes a statistically significant dependence of the respiratory activity of the liver mitochondria in laboratory animals (white rats and rabbits) on chronic poisoning with threshold doses of various degrees. Based on laboratory animals’ experiments, threshold concentrations are determined and the maximum permissible levels of dioxin in the feed of some animals are tentatively calculated.

scholarly journals The degree of cumulation of the “Bendamin” drug in the body of white rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
I. S. Varkholiak ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
Experimental Group

Repeated introduction into the body of an animal of a medicinal substance can lead to its accumulation in the tissues of the body. Therefore, knowledge of the cumulative properties of substances or conditions that may lead to cumulations, are especially important for understanding the pathogenesis of intoxication, because this phenomenon often lies at the basis of acute and chronic poisoning. The purpose of the work was to study the degree of cumulation of the “Bendamin” preparation in the body of white rats. The properties of the cumulative drug were studied in 12 white rats weighing 150–160 g. Rats were divided into 2 groups: control and experimental. To determine the cumulative properties of Bendamin, it was administered to laboratory animals starting at a dose of 0.1 DL50, with a sequential increase in the dose of 1.5 times every 4 days. It was found that the cumulative coefficient of Bendamin was 8.31 units, indicating that the drug does not exhibit cumulative effects. In determining the mass coefficients of the internal organs in the animals of the experimental group, the tendency to increase the weight and liver mass coefficients was determined, respectively, by 5.2 and 5.1%. The weight ratio of the heart of the animals of the experimental group increased by 5.7% relative to the control group. After studying the morphological parameters of blood of rats at 24 days of the experiment for studying the cumulative properties of the “Bendamin” drug, an increase in the number of erythrocytes to 6.13 ± 0.27 T/L, white blood cells to 8.42 ± 0.54 G/L and hemoglobin up to 132.4 ± 2.44 g/l. In the analysis of leukocyte profile in rats, there was a decrease in the number of eosinophils and monocytes, respectively, at 1.1 and 1.3% relative to the control group. The number of lymphocytes in the blood of the experimental group of rats increased by 1.5%, while neutrophils by 0.9% compared to the control. When studying the level of total protein, its small increase was determined by 5.2%. The activity of aminotransferases in the blood serum of experimental rats on the 24th day of the experiment for the study of cumulative properties of the drug also increased by 13 and 8% relative to the control group. Also, creatinine and total bilirubin levels in their rat blood were decreased by 3.1 and 8.8%, respectively.

scholarly journals Preclinical evaluation of the veterinary drug “Amoxidev 15” for its use in surgical and obstetric practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (103) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
L.-M. Kostyshyn ◽  
R. Sachuk ◽  
Ye. Kostyshyn ◽  
O. Katsaraba
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
White Rats

Suspension for injection “Amoxidev 15” is prescribed to fur-bearing animals (mink, fox), dogs and cats for the treatment of respiratory diseases (tonsillitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchopneumonia), digestive (gastritis, enteritis, enteritis). genitourinary systems (nephritis, urethritis, urocystitis, mastitis, metritis, agalactia), musculoskeletal system (arthritis, osteoarthritis, joint injuries, tendonitis, hoof lesions), skin and soft tissues (eczema, dermatitis) caused by sensitive drug by microorganisms, including colibacillosis, streptococcus, bronchopneumonia, etc. Toxicological evaluation of the veterinary drug “Amoxidev 15” under the conditions of acute and subacute toxicological experiments on a model of white rats. According to the results of an acute toxicological experiment with intragastric administration of the drug “Amoxidev 15” white rats DL50 could not be calculated because the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration. The maximum administered dose (in absolute weight of the drug) was 20000.0 mg/kg body weight, which allows to refer the drug to class VI toxicity of relatively harmless substances (DL50 > 15000 mg/kg body weight), and the degree of safety to class IV – low-hazard substances (DL50 > 5000 mg/kg). According to the results of an acute toxicological experiment with subcutaneous administration of the drug “Amoxidev 15” white rats DL50 could not be calculated because the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration, the maximum dose was 5000.0 mg/kg body weight, therefore, the drug “Amoxidev 15” when administered subcutaneously by toxicity can be classified as class VI substances relatively harmless (DL50 Subcut > 4500.0 mg/kg). When administered subcutaneously to white rats, the drug “Amoxidev 15” under conditions of subacute toxicological experiment in doses of 0.1–1.0 ml/kg does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, although 3-day administration of the drug in a dose 1.0 ml/kg body weight caused an increase in the activity of hepatospecific enzymes ALT and AST by 12.5 and 11.1 % (P < 0.05), respectively, relative to the control, which was restored to the control level 7 days after cessation.

scholarly journals Adaptation disorders caused by nephrectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Igor S. Shormanov ◽  
Marina S. Los ◽  
Maxim V. Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Negative Impact

Currently, nephrectomy is performed for various diseases, and the number of this type of surgery does not have a clear tendency to decrease. Operational stress is accompanied by a triggering mechanism for a wide range of disorders, among which psycho-emotional and vegetative (vascular) reactions are important clinical markers. The study of the systemic adaptive reactivity of the body after nephrectomy will provide an integrated approach to the study of the problem of the postoperative period and the rehabilitation of the patient in clinical practice. Objective: to identify the effect of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive response of animals when white rats are exposed to damaging physical loads (acute hyperthermia) and chemical (acute alcohol poisoning, nephrotoxic agents) of nature, normobaric hypoxia, limiting muscular loads and immobilization stress. The results of the experiment showed that laboratory animals with a single kidney become more sensitive (1.5 times) to nephrotoxic agents. Analysis of the effect of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive response of animals under the influence of various damaging factors to reduce the body’s resistance to hypoxia by 20% (p > 0.05); to limit muscular loads – by 25% (p > 0.05); hyperthermia – by 25% (p < 0.05); chemical agents – by one third (p < 0.05); to immobilization stress – by 28% (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The study demonstrated a significant negative impact of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive capacity of the body and allowed to clarify the functional characteristics of the general adaptation disorders in connection with this operation.

Haemostatic Shifts in Rats at Combined Hyper- and Hypothermic Exposure and Their Correction with Vitamins A, E, B6, B9, B12, P

2020 ◽  
pp. 394-400
Author(s):  
Anton V. Samoylov ◽  
◽  
Tat’yana Yu. Astakhova ◽  
Vladimir G. Solov’ev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Significant Acceleration ◽  
Coagulation Testing ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

This study aimed to assess the state of haemostasis at supplementation of the diet with vitamins and the possibility of correcting changes in coagulation under combined thermal effects on the body of laboratory animals (white rats). The animals were kept on a nutritious diet with sufficient intake of proteins, fats, carbohydrates and trace elements. As part of daily servings in addition to the diet, the experimental group received vitamins A, E, B6, B9, B12 and P in therapeutic doses adequate to those recommended for humans; the control group did not receive vitamins. After 14 days, part of the animals from both groups were subjected to combined thermal stress. At all painful manipulations the animals were anesthetized with ethoxyethane. Blood samples were taken in a syringe from the jugular vein exposed by an ovalshaped incision immediately after stress exposure. For coagulation testing, blood was stabilized with a 3.8 % sodium citrate solution in a ratio of 1 to 9. Subsequent blood treatment met the requirements accepted for coagulation testing. The following haemostatic parameters were studied: platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, antithrombin III activity, as well as content of fibrinogen and soluble fibrin monomer complexes. The obtained results showed that the combined thermal effect causes a significant acceleration of continuous blood coagulation (consumption thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenaemia and mismatch of clotting test parameters) in rats. Additional vitaminization restrains the severity of these changes, which is manifested in the absence of platelet consumption, a decrease in the consumption of plasma coagulation factors and the preservation of a high antithrombin potential.

scholarly journals THE SURVIVAL OF THE HOG-CHOLERA VIRUS IN LABORATORY ANIMALS, PARTICULARLY THE RAT

1918 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Tenbroeck
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Hog Cholera ◽  
Hog Cholera Virus ◽  
Rat Tissue

The attempts to demonstrate the virus of hog-cholera in rabbits 12 days after intravenous and intraabdominal inoculations were unsuccessful. Likewise the attempts to show that the virus might be found in the guinea pig 6 and in the pigeon 7 days after inoculation were negative. It was shown, however, that the virus can be found in the bodies of white rats for at least 7 days after either intraabdominal or intracerebral inoculations. One attempt to demonstrate it after 10 days was negative. From the fact that the rats show no evidence of illness such as loss in weight, pyrexia, or visible pathological changes, and that after either intraabdominal or intracerebral inoculation the virus is only found in the abdominal organs and possibly only in the spleen, it seems likely that it does not multiply but that in the rat tissue, particularly in the spleen, it is not destroyed so rapidly as in the organs of other animals. Careful study of the records fails to show that passing one strain of virus alternately through pigs and rats for three transfers in each species changes the virulence for swine or causes the virus to become virulent for rats. Attempts to introduce the virus into the body of the rat by feeding virulent material and an attempt to pass the virus from one lot of rats to another were unsuccessful, so that we have evidence from the experiment that the rat does not play a part in the transmission of hog-cholera.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN PROTEIN-NITROGEN METABOLISM IN LABORATORY ANIMALS UNDER THE ACTION OF AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF FULLERENE C60

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
A.A. Alekseev ◽  
◽  
N.A. Pudovkin ◽  
V.V. Salautin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Fullerene C60 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
C60 Fullerene ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Positive Effect

The active use of fullerene C60 in veterinary medicine has a positive effect on the functions of hepatocytes, promotes the restoration of metabolic processes in the gastrointestinal tract, improving metabolic and redox processes in the body, reducing inflammatory and fibrosing processes in the liver. The aim of the work was to change the protein-nitrogen metabolism in laboratory animals under the action of an aqueous solution of fullerene C60. For the research, 3 groups of white rats were formed. It was found that after the introduction of the studied compounds, we observed changes in the parameters of protein-nitrogen metabolism, which were expressed in an increase in the level of total protein, urea, ammonia and urea in the blood serum of white rats. However, there was a decrease in the concentration of glutamine. The change in the content of albumins in the blood serum by 8.6-10.1 % and globulins by 6-6.5 % was also found. The results obtained indicate a positive effect of C60 fullerene solutions on the animal body.

Study of Pharmacokinetics of a New Radiopharmaceutical on the Basis of Technetium-99m Labeled Glucose

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Р. Зельчан ◽  
R. Zel'chan ◽  
И. Синилкин ◽  
I. Sinilkin ◽  
А. Медведева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Drug ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Multiple Introduction ◽  
Diagnostic Agent ◽  
Glucose Derivative

Purpose: To study the features of the distribution and removal of a new radiopharmaceutical (RPH) on the basis of a labeled 99mTc glucose derivative for radionuclide diagnostics of oncological diseases in the body of experimental animals. Material and methods: The main stage of the study was performed on 65 mature conventional outbred white rats and 9 rabbits of the Soviet Chinchilla breed. To study the dynamics of changes in the concentration of the studied RPH in the blood plasma and its distribution in the main organs and tissues, as well as to study the metabolic features of the drug and its excretion, the RPH studied was administered intravenously, once in activity of 20 MBq. Multiple introduction of the RPH was performed in order to study the cumulative properties of the study drug, and to elucidate the possibilities of predicting the cumulation processes from the data obtained with a single administration of RPH. For this purpose, intravenous RPH was administered at the same time 1 time / day for 5 days, at a dose of 20 MBq. To confirm the theory of linearity of the pharmacokinetics of the RFP studied, three groups of laboratory animals received the drug in three activity levels – 10, 20 and 40 MBq were used. After euthanasia, the animals were autopsied and removed the necessary organs and tissues. The prepared and washed organs were placed in tubes for further radiometry in order to study the concentrations of the RPH in the bioassay. Results: It has been established that the RPH being studied practically does not accumulate in the main organs and tissues, accumulating mainly in the kidneys and bladder. The main organs of elimination of the test drug are the kidneys, and the main excreta are urine. The half-life of the drug from the blood was 10 minutes. Pharmacokinetics of the drug is linear and does not depend on the administered activity, and the drug itself does not possess cumulative properties. Conclusion: A study of the pharmacokinetics of the RPH 99mTc-1-Thio-D-glucose showed that the preparation possesses optimal properties for the diagnostic agent. The drug stably does not accumulate in the main organs and tissues, which allows it to be reused, for example at the stages of dynamic observation of cancer patients.

scholarly journals The effect of the developed composition of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Carpathian cheese, on the body of laboratory animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (94) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
I. I. Kushnir ◽  
O. Y. Tsisaryk
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Positive Effect

Data on the study of the effect of a consortium of lactic acid bacteria on the morphological parameters of blood and the state of the intestinal microflora of white rats using a composition of probiotic strains of L. lactis, Lb. plantarum and E. durans SB18 in a ratio of 50:40:10. Thus, when determining the morphological parameters of the blood of rats at 14 days of use found a positive effect of probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria on the hematopoietic function of laboratory animals. In particular, a significant increase in hemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte count, leukocyte count and hematocrit value was found by 14.9, 14.0, 22.5 % (P < 0.05) and 5.7 %, respectively, compared with the control group. In addition, the use of the drug for 14 days caused an increase in the average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte (MCНS) by 9.8 % (P < 0.05) and a tendency to decrease the average hemoglobin in the erythrocyte (MCН) and the average erythrocyte volume (MCV) by 0.45 and 9.0 %, respectively, compared with the control group. Both central and peripheral organs of the immune system were also significantly affected. In particular, the relative weights of the thymus and spleen increased by 21.1 (P < 0.05 ) and 9.8 % (P < 0.05), respectively. When determining the leukogram of peripheral blood of rats, it was found that the use of the study drug in animals of the experimental group caused a tendency to increase the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes by 6.0, 0.5 and 19.8 %, respectively, with a slight decrease in eosinophils. The use of a composition of a consortium of lactic acid bacteria stimulated an increase in lacto- and bifidobacteria content of the large intestine of white rats. In particular, a significant increase in the number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli was found by 4.3 and 5.2 % (P < 0.001), respectively, relative to the animals of the control group. In addition, 14-day application of the studied composition of probiotic strains contributed to a probable reduction in the number of opportunistic and putrefactive microflora. The number of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and fungi of the genus Candida significantly decreased relative to control by 4.7 (P < 0.01), 2.6 (P < 0.05) and 13.3 % (P < 0.001), respectively, all this indicated the recovery of the body of laboratory animals. The positive effect of lactic acid bacteria of the formed composition persists until the 21st day of the experiment.

scholarly journals Dietary improvement of the iron statute of the rats with experimental anemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Rodica STURZA ◽  
Valentin GUDUMAC ◽  
Olga DESEATNICOVA ◽  
Aliona GHENDOV-MOSANU
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Production Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
White Rats

Introduction. One of the major problems characterizing the nutritional status is the iron deficiency, which leads to decreased immunity, increased incidence of infectious diseases and anemia. Obviously, only well-thought-out corrections can solve these disorders.  Material and methods In order to know the influence of the method of manufacture for iron-fortified products on the iron level, a series of in vivo research was carried out, on a batch of 21 white rats, Wistar line, which were induced experimental drug anemia (EDA). The blood analysis was performed in three stages: initially, after the induction of EDA and after the completion of the experiment. Results. Investigations showed out that during sufficient iron intake rehabilitation of the body iron reserve depends considerably on the presence of antinutritive factors. In order to decrease the influence of these factors, the production method used for fortified products with mineral origin micronutrients (iron) could be based on the use of the lactic-acid fermentation procedures using wheat bran.  Conclusions. The research carried out on laboratory animals with induced experimental anemia showed that, in the case of the group fed with bread manufactured by the acid-lactic fermentation method, the concentration of serum,  iron was completely restored during the experiment, and in the rats fed with fortified bread prepared by the traditional method,  the serum iron concentration was only partially restored, 40-45%.

scholarly journals The effect of a formulation based on maduramycin and nicarbazine on rats and broiler chickens in a subacute experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Roman Dotsenko ◽  
Maryna Romanko ◽  
Yevheniia Vashchyk ◽  
Andriy Zakhariev ◽  
Andrii Zemlianskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

The aim: to determine the effect of a preparative form of an antiemeric agent based on maduramycin and nicarbazine on the body of white rats and broiler chickens under the conditions of a subacute experiment. Materials and methods. The formulation based on maduramycin and nicarbazine was administered to rats and broiler chickens with feed for 28 days. One control and three experimental groups were formed for the experiment: Group I – animals received a complete diet without admixture of the formulation (control group), Group II – animals that were administered the formulation (by the amount of active substances) at a dose of 5.0 mg / kg, III – 25.0 mg / kg and IV – 50.0 mg / kg of feed, respectively. In order to establish the toxic effect of the formulation on the body of experimental birds on 7, 14, 28 days of the experiment and 7 days after discontinuation of the formulation, 5 heads from each group were killed under light ether anesthesia, blood samples were taken for hematological and biochemical studies. Results. During the study of the general clinical condition of rats and broiler chickens of the experimental groups, no significant changes in behavior and appearance were detected, compared with the control. Hematological parameters of broiler chickens it was found that the receipt of the formulation with feed at doses of 5, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight, causes a decrease in hemoglobin and an increase in hematocrit in broiler chickens on day 7 of the experiment. It was found that the changes are reversible, on the 28th day of the experiment the value of these indicators was within the physiological norm. In the study of hematological and biochemical parameters of rats, it was found that the receipt of the formulation with food in doses of 25.0 and 50.0 mg/kg for 28 days, causes a decrease in hemoglobin and increase hematocrit, total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea in male rats on the 7th day of the experiment. Conclusions. Under conditions of repeated oral administration of the preparation mixture to rats and poultry at doses of 5, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight in the absence of clinical signs of poisoning, insignificant fluctuations in hematological and biochemical parameters were identified

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