scholarly journals Review of the potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) with a petiolate metasoma from Indonesian Archipelago

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 00005
Author(s):  
Hari Nugroho ◽  
Pungki Lupiyaningdyah ◽  
Jun-ichi Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Peripheral Populations ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Range Of Variation

The taxonomy and biogeography of potter wasps with a petiolate metasoma occurring in the Indonesian Archipelago are reviewed. Literature review and specimens examination were carried out for the present study. Within the Eumeninae, the wasps with a petiolate metasoma distributed in the region have been more or less well studied compared with those with a non-petiolate metasoma, but their generic affinities and the concepts of some species yet remain unestablished. A total of 80 species belonging to 16 genera of the “petiolate metasoma” are known to occur from the region. Sumatra, Java, Bali and Borneo have mainly Oriental eumenine fauna, including several area- specific species of the Oriental genera. New Guinean fauna is comprised of Papua-Australian species of the widely distributed genera, together with widely distributed species and species endemic to New Guinea. The Wallacean fauna is constituted mainly with the area-specific species in the rather widely distributed genera; in the western part of Wallacea, they are represented mainly by widely distributed genera, together with Oriental genera; in the eastern part of Wallacea, they are constituted mainly by area endemic species of widely distributed Oriental genera. Widely distributed species generally show a wide range of variation in the marking patterns, and occurs sympatrically in some areas, even the peripheral populations usually characterized by the island(s)-specific marking patterns. Sympatric occurrences of forms with quite different color patterns in widely distributed species need further study to establish their taxonomic status, namely whether they are variations within a given area or different species.

scholarly journals Molecular barcoding of marine ornamental fish from the southern coast of West Java validates conventional identification

2021 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Agus Nuryanto ◽  
Kusbiyanto Kusbiyanto ◽  
Dian Bhagawati
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
West Java ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Monophyletic Branch

Conventional identification of marine ornamental fish has faced difficulties due to similar color patterns of closed related species, or juvenile individuals have different color patterns from adult individuals. Molecular barcoding using the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene provides a reliable tool for unmasking such difficulties. This study aimed to barcode marine ornamental fish from the southern coast of West Java. Fragment of the COI gene was sequenced from 54 morphotypes. In this study, we determined the taxonomic status of the samples based on a 5% genetic divergence, with the parameter including sequence percent identity, genetic distance, and length of monophyletic branch in a phylogenetic tree. The result showed that most samples had a high percentage of sequence identities, low genetic distances, and short chapters in monophyletic clades, but the remaining were not. Those data indicated that most samples could be identified at species-level without doubt and support conventional identification. Barcoding success is also depending on the availability of conspecific sequences in the databases. This study concluded that molecular barcoding could strengthen and validate traditional identification.

Evaluation and Avoidance of False Alarm by Controlling Rhine Water with Continuously Working Biotests

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Puzicha
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
River Test ◽  
Continuous Working ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Contaminant Load ◽  
Rhine Water

Effluents from point sources (industries, communities) and diffuse inputs introduce pollutants into the water of the river Rhine and cause a basic contaminant load. The aim is to establish a biological warning system to detect increased toxicity in addition to the already existing chemical-physical monitoring system. To cover a wide range of biocides, continuous working biotests at different trophic levels (bacteria, algae, mussels, water fleas, fishes) have been developed and proved. These are checked out for sensitivity against toxicants, reaction time, validity of data and practical handling under field conditions at the river. Test-specific appropriate methods are found to differentiate between the normal range of variation and true alarm signals.

scholarly journals Experimental Economics in Agriculture: A Review of Worldwide Research

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1566
Author(s):  
Ernesto Mesa-Vázquez ◽  
Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz ◽  
José A. Aznar-Sánchez ◽  
Belén López-Felices
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Experimental Economics ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Bibliometric Study ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Wide Range

Over the last two decades, experimental economics has been gaining relevance in the research of a wide range of issues related to agriculture. In turn, the agricultural activity provides an excellent field of study within which to validate the use of instruments employed by experimental economics. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the research on the application of experimental economics in agriculture on a global level. Thus, a literature review has been carried out for the period between the years 2000 and 2020 based on a bibliometric study. The main results show that there has been a growing use of experimental economics methods in the research on agriculture, particularly over the last five years. This evolution is evident in the different indicators analyzed and is reflected in the greater scientific production and number of actors involved. The most relevant topics within the research on experimental economics in agriculture focus on the farmer, the markets, the consumer, environmental policy, and public goods. These results can be useful for policy makers and researchers interested in this line of research.

scholarly journals Commercialization of Aframomum spp. in Africa: a Systematic Review of Literature and Supporting Botanical Vouchers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronja Hermiene Maria Knippers ◽  
Sandrine Gallois ◽  
Tinde van Andel
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Wild Resources ◽  
Living Material ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Material Information

AbstractAframomum (Zingiberaceae) is a genus of plants native to tropical Africa that are sold on African markets as spices and traditional medicine. Not all species of Aframomum are equally abundant or widespread, and no overview exists of the specific species traded or the quality of the species identifications in publications referencing the sale of Aframomum. Through a systematic literature review, we show that 14 species of Aframomum are sold in 15 African countries. The majority of the studies were done in Nigeria and Cameroon and A. melegueta was the most frequently reported species in trade. A. kayserianum was the only commercialized species with confirmed conservation issues. Our literature review shows extensive knowledge gaps regarding the commercialization of Aframomum in Africa. Most studies did not include herbarium vouchers, or only used market-sourced plant material, which impedes the possibilities for species verifications. Additionally, most East African countries were devoid of relevant research. These gaps can be bridged by future research in East Africa and voucher collection from living material. Information on the conservation status of traded Aframomum species can be obtained by population studies on wild resources and documenting local domestication efforts, as the cultivation of marketed species tends to relieve the pressure from wild resources.

scholarly journals Personality trait differences across types of entrepreneurs: a systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentine U. Salmony ◽  
Dominik K. Kanbach
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Integration

AbstractThe personality traits that define entrepreneurs have been of significant interest to academic research for several decades. However, previous studies have used vastly different definitions of the term “entrepreneur”, meaning their subjects have ranged from rural farmers to tech-industry start-up founders. Consequently, most research has investigated disparate sub-types of entrepreneurs, which may not allow for inferences to be made regarding the general entrepreneurial population. Despite this, studies have frequently extrapolated results from narrow sub-types to entrepreneurs in general. This variation in entrepreneur samples reduces the comparability of empirical studies and calls into question the reviews that pool results without systematic differentiation between sub-types. The present study offers a novel account by differentiating between the definitions of “entrepreneur” used in studies on entrepreneurs’ personality traits. We conduct a systematic literature review across 95 studies from 1985 to 2020. We uncover three main themes across the previous studies. First, previous research applied a wide range of definitions of the term “entrepreneur”. Second, we identify several inconsistent findings across studies, which may at least partially be due to the use of heterogeneous entrepreneur samples. Third, the few studies that distinguished between various types of entrepreneurs revealed differences between them. Our systematic differentiation between entrepreneur sub-types and our research integration offer a novel perspective that has, to date, been widely neglected in academic research. Future research should use clearly defined entrepreneurial samples and conduct more systematic investigations into the differences between entrepreneur sub-types.

Estimating the copy number of the agouti signaling protein (ASIP) gene in goat breeds with different color patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 104440
Author(s):  
Dailu Guan ◽  
Anna Castelló ◽  
María Gracia Luigi-Sierra ◽  
Vincenzo Landi ◽  
Juan Vicente Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Signaling Protein ◽  
Different Color

Revision of the Australian species of Agrotera Schrank (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Spilomelinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4362 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAI CHEN ◽  
MARIANNE HORAK ◽  
XICUI DU ◽  
DANDAN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Two New Species

The genus Agrotera Schrank, 1802 is revised for Australia and the generic definition is refined based on the male genitalia. The genera Leucinodella Strand, 1918 stat. rev. with L. leucostola (Hampson, 1896) comb. nov., Nistra Walker, 1859 stat. rev. with N. coelatalis Walker, 1859 comb. rev., Sagariphora Meyrick, 1894 stat. rev. with S. magnificalis (Hampson, 1893) comb. nov., and Tetracona Meyrick, 1884 stat. rev. with T. amathealis (Walker, 1859) comb. rev. and T. pictalis Warren, 1896 comb. rev. are removed from synonymy with Agrotera, as they lack the synapomorphies of Agrotera. Two new species, Agrotera genuflexa sp. nov. from Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales, and A. longitabulata sp. nov. from Queensland, are described. The taxonomic status of the Australian species of Agrotera is discussed, and a key to all species, based on males, is provided. The adults and genitalia of the new species and some related species are figured. 

scholarly journals A Note on the Variability in Size of Amblyomma hebraeum Koch

Parasitology ◽  
1915 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Present Note ◽  
Female Tick ◽  
Amblyomma Hebraeum ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Variation

Variability in the size and, in a lesser degree, the taxonomic features of male ticks, has arrested the attention of all who have had occasion to examine moderately large numbers of examples of the same species. In the case of the female tick, this variability, though doubtless coextensive with that of the male, is more or less obscured by the wide range of variation in size, depending upon the degree of engorgement; and, also, by the fact that in the female tick the taxonomic characters are, as a rule, less pronounced. The present note is only concerned with variability in the size of the male.

scholarly journals Physicochemical aspects and phytoplankton of the river Shitalakhya receiving pharmaceutical effluents

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
ZN Tahmida Begum ◽  
Dilara Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bicarbonate Alkalinity ◽  
Range Of Variation

Phytoplankton from a part of the Shitalakhya river receiving effluents from a pharmaceutical industry have been studied. A total of 78 taxa were identified of which 14 belonged to Cyanophyceae, 11 Chlorophyceae, 20 Euglenophyceae and 33 Bacillariophyceae. The water body was mostly alkaline (6.6 - 8.0) and showed a wide range of variation in conductivity (135 - 4768 μS/cm), DO (anoxia to 15 mg/l), free- CO2 (3 - 29 mg/l), bicarbonate alkalinity (49 - 355 mg/l), BOD (8 - 1800 mg/l) at different locations. Pharmaceutical effluents appeared to affect diversity of phytoplankton. Three diatoms namely Fragilaria brevistriata Grun., F. construens (Ehr.) Grun. and Navicula oblonga Kütz. present in the area, are described as new for Bangladesh. Keywords: Phytoplankton; Pharmaceutical effluents; Shitalakhya River; Bangladesh DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i1.5127 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(1): 77-85, 2009 (June)

scholarly journals Variability of Different Yield Contributing Parameters and Yield of Some Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Accessions

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
AKM Ashraful Alam ◽  
Md Mokbul Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Genotypic Coefficient Of Variation

In order to assess the variability of yield contributing characters of 50 okra accessions and their interrelation effects on the yield of green pod a field experiment was undertaken at the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from February, 2002 to May, 2002. A wide range of variation was observed in case of weight of green pod per plant (105- 281g), days to first flowering (40-52days) and weight of individual green pod (14-26g). Moderate variation for length of green pod (12-19cm), number of green pods per plant (6-11) and yield of green pod (4-13 t/ha), lesser variation for percent of dry matter content (5-8%), number of ridges per green pod (5-9) and diameter of green pod (1-2cm) was observed. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation was observed in case of yield of green pod (GCV= 23.22%) followed by weight of green pod per plant (22.24%), weight of individual green pod (18.68%), number of ridges per green pod (13.49%), number of green pod per plant (10.84%), dry matter content of green pod (10.48%), diameter of green pod (6.90%) and length of green pod (6.24%). These characters suggested the existence of justifiable genetic distance among different cultivars. Correlation coefficient indicated that yield of green pod had highly significant positive association with weight of green pod per plant and weight of individual green pod. Path coefficient analysis showed that the weight of green pod per plant and weight of individual green pod were directly contributed towards the yield of green pod. Key words: Okra, accession, variability, yield.

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