scholarly journals Assessment of plasticity and stability of grain sorghum varieties on the basis of their grain yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00027
Author(s):  
O. Antimonova ◽  
L. Syrkina ◽  
A. Antimonov ◽  
L. Kosykh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Ecological Plasticity

Assessment of adaptability, environmental plasticity and stability of crop varieties in different climatic conditions is an important direction of the selection process. The purpose of the research was to assess the ecological plasticity and stability of 5 varieties (Premiera, Slavyanka, Ros, Kinelskoye 63, Dershavnoe) and 3 lines (L-28/14, L-141/14, L 34/14) of grain sorghum, to identify the role of abiotic factors in the dynamics of its grain yield at the final stages of selection in the competitive testing of varieties. The studies were carried out in the forest-steppe of the Samara region in experimental fields and in the laboratories of the Volga Research Institute of Breeding and Seed Production in 2015-2018 according to the dispersion methods of A.V. Kilchevsky and L.V. Khotyleva, S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russel. According to the ecological plasticity variety Ros and line L-34/14 were of intensive type. Varieties Derzhavhoe, Kinelskoye 63, Slavyanka and line L-28/14 belonged to the semi-intensive type. Variety Premiera and line L-141/14 were of extensive type. The combination of high productivity and stability was observed in varities Kinelskoye 63, Derzhavnoe, L-28/14 with high parameters of breeding value of genotype. Promising sample L-28/14 with high productivity and environmental stability is recommended for transfer to the state variety testing.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF PLANT HEIGHT AND GRAIN YIELD OF COLLECTED SAMPLES OF WINTER TRITICALE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Sergey Ponomarev ◽  
Mira Ponomareva Mira Leonidovna ◽  
Sergey Fomin ◽  
Gul'naz Mannapova ◽  
Liliya Gil'mullina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Triticale

The aim of the study is to isolate from collection samples of winter triticale the sources of short-stemming and high grain yield for their further involvement in the selection process in the forest-steppe conditions of middle Volga region. The studies were carried out in 2013–2017 on typical gray forest soils. 93 samples of winter triticale of Russian selection, obtained from the collection of All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov. Standard is Bashkir short-stemmed. Weather conditions during the years of study varied significantly. The studied gene pool has a wide genetic diversity in plant height (65 ... 136 cm) and yield (277 ... 579 g/m2). According to the results of analysis of variance, a significant influence of the genotype and year conditions on the manifestation of these characters was established. Plant height and yield depended on both factors and their interaction, but the first trait is determined mainly by the heredity of the varieties (46.1%), and the second - by the growing conditions (61.8%). There was a significant variation in the values of the studied indicators, both by genotypes and by years: the coefficient of intervarietal variation in the average values of the traits of grain yield and plant height for 2013–2017 amounted to 15.0 and 17.2%, respectively, with variation by years 15 , 4 ... 30.7% and 15.1 ... 20.1%, respectively. According to the results of regression analysis, it was found that within the studied gene pool the highest grain yield was formed by samples with a plant height of 86 ... 105 cm. 13 sources of short-stemming with a plant height below 80 cm and 17 high-yielding samples with a yield of 515 ... 579 g/m2 were identified. In these genotypes, the yield excess over Bashkirskaya short-stemmed standard was significant and amounted to 33 ... 97 g/ m2, or 6.8 ... 20.1%. The varieties Tribun, Skif, Kentavr, Sotnik are characterized by the highest breeding value

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of parsnip varieties in the conditions of the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
O. O. Komar ◽  
◽  
O. V. Shemetun ◽  
V. O. Komar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
High Area ◽  
The Right

Due to the intensification of production of parsnip, the question arises to clarify the elements of cultivation technology that should ensure its high productivity. The use of varietal plant resources is one of the most important parts of agriculture - the basis of economic and social development of the state. The most efficient and cost-effective is the widespread introduction of new varieties and hybrids with a genetically determined level of adaptation to the conditions of soil and climatic zones of their cultivation. The indicator of the dynamics of the formation of photosynthetic productivity is the basis of the yield of each crop. The purpose of the research was to study the dynamics of leaf surface formation in varieties of parsnip in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The studied cultivars of parsnip sowing formed a high area of active assimilation surface, the dynamics of which depends on the stage of organogenesis, soil and climatic conditions of the year and varietal characteristics. With the highest average for the growing season leaf area (49.0-49.6 thousand m2 on ha), photosynthetic potential (1.79-1.83 million m2 per day on ha) and net productivity of photosynthesis - 5.56 g on m2 per day) were characterized by varieties Stymul and Pulse in terms of other varieties. It is established that in order to obtain stably high yield (44.4-45.4 t on ha) and marketability of root crops (85-93%) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine it is necessary to sow highly productive varieties of parsnip sowing Stymul and Pulse.

ADAPTIVE PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT POTATOES VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
R. O. Mialkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of modern potato varieties of different ripeness on productivity indicators in the Western Forest-Steppe. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, generalization, field experiment. Results. The results of research showed that varietal characteristics influenced the elements of productivity of potato tubers, with the best productivity of potato varieties were Knyagynya, Myroslava and Solokha. It should also be noted that the productivity of varieties of different ripeness of potatoes depended on the weather and climatic conditions of the year. Conclusions. On average, over the years of research of 5 varieties, the average productivity of the bush was – 707 g. The highest productivity was shown by the variety Knyagynya – 924 g. It should be noted that the varieties Myroslava and Solokha also formed a high productivity from the bush: Myroslava – 762 g., Solokha – 702 g., respectively. Less productive varieties were Shchedryk – 597 g and Levada – 547 g. Analysis of weather and climatic conditions of 2019-2020 showed that the most favorable were the climatic conditions of 2019, the value of the trait this year averaged 794 g, less favorable conditions for the development of the analyzed indicator developed in 2020 – 620 g. The correlation coefficient between productivity and number of tubers from the bush was r = 0.8. It was also found that the differences in the average number of tubers from one bush between varieties was insignificant. The study of experimental varieties showed that the largest number of tubers from one bush in two years, formed in the variety Knyagynya – 10.4 pcs., variety Solokha – 8.4 pcs., and variety Levada – 8.0 pcs. On average, for two years of research, the average weight of tubers was at the level of – 86 g. Thus, the largest average weight of tubers was formed by Myroslava variety – 102 g, and Knyagynya variety – 91 g. In 2019, the weight of tubers varied from 69 g. in the variety Levada to 113 g. in the variety Myroslava; and in 2020 from 70 g. to 90 g., respectively. Thus, the most favorable for the formation of large tubers were the weather conditions in 2019, the average weight of tubers in this period was 95 g, in 2020 – 77 g. Thus, in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on leached low-humus medium loam black soil the most productive varieties of potatoes are varieties Knyagynya, Myroslava and Solokha.

scholarly journals HOMEOSTATICITY AND ADAPTIVITY OF PEA VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT MORPHOTYPES

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Firzinat Davletov ◽  
Il'siyar Ahmadullina ◽  
Fidan Safin ◽  
Karina Gaynullina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Feed Protein

The main source of vegetable protein in world production is legumes, including peas (Pisum sativum L.). The creation of new highly productive pea varieties, adapted to local conditions, will solve the problem of food and feed protein. Modern varieties also should be characterized by high homeostaticity and stable productivity in a changing climate. The aim of the study was to study the homeostaticity of pea varieties on the basis of grain yield in the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The studies were conducted on the experimental field of Soil Science, Botany and Plant Breeding Department at the Educational and Scientific Center of Bashkir State Agrarian University in 2009-2018. The soil of the experimental plot is leached chernozem of heavy loam granulometric composition. During the research years weather conditions were contrasting. The object of the study was the following pea varieties: Chishminsky 95, Chishminsky 229, Aksaysky usatuy 55 and in memory of Khangildin. Grain yield was recorded. The overall homeostaticity of the varieties (Hom) was determined. In our studies, the grain productivity of the studied pea varieties varied greatly from year to year. On average, over 10 years, the varieties Chishminsky 229 and a variety in memory of Khangildin were the most productive, and the least productive was Aksaysky usatuy 55 variety. Data analysis showed that the variety has a limiting effect on crop yield resistance to environmental stress factors. Varieties Chishminsky 229 (Hom = 36.6), in memory of Khangildin (Hom = 36.5) were characterized by the highest index of homeostaticity, and the variety Aksaysky usatuy 55 (Hom = 26.5) was the least. The varieties of Chishminsky 229 (Sc = 3.44), in memory of Khangildin (Sc = 3.35) and Chishminsky 95 (Sc = 3.38) possessed the highest breeding value.

scholarly journals The estimation of environmental stability and adaptability of the grain sorghum varieties in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
R. А. Biktimirov ◽  
А. А. Nizaeva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Environmental Adaptability ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Growing Conditions

The current paper has presented the study of productivity, environmental stability and adaptability of 11 Russian grain sorghum varieties of various groups of ripeness in the conditions of the Ural steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan, conducted in 2015–2019. The purpose of the study was to estimate the grain sorghum varieties according to the parameters of environmental adaptability and stability of productivity in changing environmental conditions. The weather conditions during the years of study were different in temperature and water supply, which made it possible to evaluate the lines in the contrasting cultivation conditions. The index of environmental conditions for grain yield of grain sorghum in 2015 was 0.9, in 2016 it was 1.3, in 2017 it was -1.0, in 2019 it was -1.2. The data completely characterizes the weather conditions of the years of study and their effect on the growth and development of plants. Environmental adaptability (bi) and stability (Ϭ2d) were calculated according to the methods of S.A. Eberchart and W. A. Rassel (1966) interpreted by V. A. Zykin, stress resistance (Ymin–Ymax) was estimated according to the equation of A. A. Rossille, J. Hamblin interpreted by A. A. Goncharenko, productivity range (d) was evaluated according to V. A. Zykin. The varieties ‘Kamelik’, ‘Ogonyok’, ‘Orlovskoe’ turned out to be adaptable (bi was close to 1); the varieties ‘Slavyanka’, ‘Zernyshko’ and ‘Ros’ were responsive to the improvement of growing conditions (bi > 1). Based on a comprehensive estimation of the value of environmental adaptability and stability, the varieties ‘Premiera’, ‘Belochka’, ‘Ogonyok’, ‘Orlovskoe’ were identified as the best ones. These varieties are highly intensive, responsive to the improvement of growing conditions and characterized with high productivity. The paper has collected and presented the material of the long-term study of the environmental adaptability and stability of the grain sorghum productivity in the conditions of the Ural steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PARAMETERS OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT ADAPTABILITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Rybas ◽  
D. M. Marchenko ◽  
E. I. Nekrasov ◽  
M. M. Ivanisov ◽  
T. A. Grichanikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Coefficients Of Variations

During the years of study (2015–2017) there were considered and studied parameters of adaptability of winter soft wheat varieties sown after maize. As a result, the productivity of winter wheat ranged from 77.6 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Polina’) to 83.9 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Kaprizulya’). At a most the productivity varied through the years from 52.5 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Kapitan’) in 2016 to 108.2 hwt/ha (the variety ‘Kaprizulya’) in 2017. The main feature of breeding on adaptability is to control ecological plasticity and stability of the varieties in the breeding process. The varieties ‘Krasa Dona’ and ‘Kaprizulya’ having 1.0 regressive coefficient are considered to be ecologically adaptable. The varieties ‘Lidiya’, ‘Kapitan’, ‘Lilit’ and ‘Volnitsa’ having > 1.0 regressive coefficient are considered to be highly responsive. The varieties ‘Lilit’ and ‘Volny Don’ are characterized with stable genotype (σd2 tends to zero). The varieties ‘Polina’ and ‘Volny Don’ belong to the group of varieties with high indexes of homeostatism, breeding value and low coefficients of variations. The varieties ‘Polina’ and ‘Volny Don’ demonstrate high indexes of stress resistance with the lowest negative values of differences among minimum and maximum indexes of the trait. The varieties ‘Kaprizulya’, ‘Lilit’, ‘Krasa Dona’ and ‘Volny Don’ are found genetically flexible genotypes, as they possess high correspondence degree between the genotype and the environment. According to the parameters of adaptability there have been identified the varieties ‘Polina’ and ‘Volny Don’ with stability, breeding value, stress resistance and high productivity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ecological Plasticity аnd Stability of Some Promising Varieties of Poplars

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
A.P. Tsarev ◽  
◽  
V.A. Tsarev ◽  
R.P. Tsareva ◽  
N.V. Laur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Growing Conditions

When developing promising assortments of forest woody plants, it is important to take into account not only their growth and survival in some particular environment, but also their respond to change in growing conditions. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to evaluate the ecological plasticity and stability of some poplar varieties promising for the southeastern part of European Russia and Ukraine using the Eberhart and Russell method. The research was carried out on three testing sites: upland environment of the forest-steppe zone of the Voronezh region; floodplain environment of the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region; and floodplain environment of the steppe zone of the Donetsk region. Five promising poplar varieties were identified and studied at each of the experimental sites. The indices of survival, growth in height and diameter, trunk volumes, and productivity by wood stocks and average increments are presented for each variety. Due to the average increments change with age, the ontogeny period from 21 to 30 years was chosen for the study, during which the average survival of poplars varies slightly. It was found that Regenerata, which is characterized by average plasticity and the lowest stability, was the most productive of the studied poplar varieties. It can perform high productivity only in the favorable environment. The poplar variety Pioneer demonstrated the least plasticity. Its productivity did not vary too much with change in growth conditions at average ecological stability. The highest plasticity at average ecological stability was observed in the Vernirubens variety. Average plasticity and stability were observed in poplar E.s.-38. The poplar variety Marilandica was also characterized by average plasticity, and high ecological stability. The research results allow using of the studied varieties more rational in different growing conditions, with regard to their environmental characteristics.

scholarly journals Source material in selection of spring durum wheat for conditions of Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
V. S. Yusov ◽  
M. N. Kir’yakova ◽  
M. G. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
High Productivity

The genetic diversity of the world gene pool of collecting samples from the Federal Research Centre of All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov (VIR) was studied in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. N.I. Vavilov (VIR) by economically valuable traits and grain quality. The study was conducted in four stages as the gene pool became available: 2000-2003, 2007-2008, 2009-2012, 2019-2020. A total of 186 samples were studied. The following varieties recommended by the State Commission of the Russian Federation were used as standards: Altai Niva, Omskaya Amber, Zhemchuzhina Sibiri. Sowing was carried out on May 1516 by fallow in the specialised crop rotation of the durum wheat breeding laboratory of the Omsk Research Center. The material received in the first year was studied in plots with an area of 0.25 m2, and in subsequent years 3 m2. Agroclimatic conditions varied from favourable to contrasting temperature and water regimes. In studies of durum wheat samples from the VIR collection of different origins, sources were identified according to their economic value. Of the diversity, only a small part (10%) is of breeding interest and can be used in hybridisation. The sources of high productivity may be the samples k-59881, k-59888, k-60388, k-60364, k-60366, k-60413, k-61303, k-62657, k-62658, k-63126, k-63160, k-64353, k-64355, k-6386, k-64953, k-61619, k-63821, Sladunitsa, k-66887, k-66886, k-66293, k-66294, k-66519, k-66675, k-64488. In terms of grain quality the following crops stood out: k-59881, k-59889, k-60388, k-60364, k-61117, k-61650, k-62657, k-64353, k-64354, k-64355, k-6386, k-17985, k-63821, Sladunitsa, Iride, k-60410. As sources of resistance to stem rust, we offer k-6386, k-6662, k-46983, k-60410, Iride, k-65353, k-65733, k-65734. According to the complex of traits (high productivity, grain quality and resistance to diseases) are of breeding value samples k-59881 (Russia), k-6386 (Georgia), k-65734 (Syria), Sladunitsa (Ukraine) and Iride (Italy).

scholarly journals Analysis for grain yield and some quality traits in Bulgarian bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Galina Mihova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Increased Strength

A major priority of the breeding programs is the development of varieties and hybrid plants combining high productivity and a level of qualitative parameters. Equally topical is the problem of achieving their stable level of expression under uncertain climatic environments. Within three vegetative growth periods (2018, 2019 and 2020) characterized with different levels of abiotic stress, 20 varieties of common winter wheat were investigated. The criteria for setting up of the working collection were the genotypes to be included in the Varietal List of Republic of Bulgaria and to cover the groups’ quality levels. The trials were carried out at two locations: the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat and Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute – General Toshevo. These regions have specific soil and climatic conditions and are characterized with different risk factors for the development of the cereal crops. The variance analysis showed that the environmental conditions had a significant percent in the total variation of grain yield, the number of productive tillers, 1000 kernel weight and test weight. Concerning these traits, a genotype x environment interaction was also established. The cultivars with high mean yield from the two locations were Rada, Kristalina, Kalina, Katarzhina and Bozhana. The correlation between productivity and quality was successfully broken in Lazarka, Pchelina and Merilin, which belong to the group of strong wheat genotypes. Under the specific technology for conducting the field experiments we used, cultivars Pchelina and Merilin from group A were with expectedly high levels of wet gluten content and W index. The values determined for Lazarka were lower but less variable. In the group of medium wheat genotypes with increased strength, worth mentioning are Enola, Kristalina, Rada and Katarzhina.

scholarly journals GENETIC SOURCES AND NEW SOURCE MATERIAL FOR BREEDING PUMPKINS IN THE LOWER VOLGA REGION

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
T. M. Nikulina ◽  
D. P. Kurunina ◽  
E. S. Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Selection Of

The results of the research work carried out during the period 2015-2017 are outlined. on the practical selection of pumpkin in the conditions of the Volgograd Transvolga. The results of studying the assortment of pumpkin varieties of domestic and foreign breeding in collection nurseries are presented. The most promising samples adapted to local soil and climatic conditions have high productivity (Sviteny, Chino, Marina di Chioggia, Silber Bell (USA), Kham (Laos), image (Spain), Local (Kazakhstan), Gribovskaya winter, Teshchenka , Zucchini Malchugan, and the quality of the fruit: (Chino, Chirimen nankin (Japan), Cachi JNTA (Argentina), Mantova Uyghur (Kazakhstan), Duchess, Vega F1, Sweetie, Pampushka, Green Warted Habbard (USA). A new hybrid material was obtained, an estimation of its productivity of consumer achestv, stability to bio- and abiotic factors. accessions selected promising superior standards major ecological and morphological and economically valuable traits. The characteristics of the best selected hybrid combinations are given in comparison with the standards. The most productive are hybrid combinations: Marina di Chioggia x Zorka, Zorka x Sweet banana, Silber Bell x Elegant, Sweet x Elegant, Local (Kirghizia) x Zorka, zucchini Mountain Anchor. The yield of these samples exceeds the standards by 13.3-92.2%. The quality of the fruit is distinguished by the hybrids: Marina di Chioggia x Zorka, Zorka x Marina di Chioggia, Pampushka x Elegant, Zorka x Sweet banana, Silber Bell x Elegant, Zaslavia x POOS6-07, Zorka x Oreshek, Altair x Elegant. The content of dry substances in the fruits of these samples is 2.0-8.8% higher than the standards.

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