HOMEOSTATICITY AND ADAPTIVITY OF PEA VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT MORPHOTYPES

The main source of vegetable protein in world production is legumes, including peas (Pisum sativum L.). The creation of new highly productive pea varieties, adapted to local conditions, will solve the problem of food and feed protein. Modern varieties also should be characterized by high homeostaticity and stable productivity in a changing climate. The aim of the study was to study the homeostaticity of pea varieties on the basis of grain yield in the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The studies were conducted on the experimental field of Soil Science, Botany and Plant Breeding Department at the Educational and Scientific Center of Bashkir State Agrarian University in 2009-2018. The soil of the experimental plot is leached chernozem of heavy loam granulometric composition. During the research years weather conditions were contrasting. The object of the study was the following pea varieties: Chishminsky 95, Chishminsky 229, Aksaysky usatuy 55 and in memory of Khangildin. Grain yield was recorded. The overall homeostaticity of the varieties (Hom) was determined. In our studies, the grain productivity of the studied pea varieties varied greatly from year to year. On average, over 10 years, the varieties Chishminsky 229 and a variety in memory of Khangildin were the most productive, and the least productive was Aksaysky usatuy 55 variety. Data analysis showed that the variety has a limiting effect on crop yield resistance to environmental stress factors. Varieties Chishminsky 229 (Hom = 36.6), in memory of Khangildin (Hom = 36.5) were characterized by the highest index of homeostaticity, and the variety Aksaysky usatuy 55 (Hom = 26.5) was the least. The varieties of Chishminsky 229 (Sc = 3.44), in memory of Khangildin (Sc = 3.35) and Chishminsky 95 (Sc = 3.38) possessed the highest breeding value.

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VARIABILITY OF PLANT HEIGHT AND GRAIN YIELD OF COLLECTED SAMPLES OF WINTER TRITICALE

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/2073-0462-2020-42-48 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 42-48

Author(s):

Sergey Ponomarev ◽

Mira Ponomareva Mira Leonidovna ◽

Sergey Fomin ◽

Gul'naz Mannapova ◽

Liliya Gil'mullina

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Gene Pool ◽

Selection Process ◽

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Winter Triticale

The aim of the study is to isolate from collection samples of winter triticale the sources of short-stemming and high grain yield for their further involvement in the selection process in the forest-steppe conditions of middle Volga region. The studies were carried out in 2013–2017 on typical gray forest soils. 93 samples of winter triticale of Russian selection, obtained from the collection of All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov. Standard is Bashkir short-stemmed. Weather conditions during the years of study varied significantly. The studied gene pool has a wide genetic diversity in plant height (65 ... 136 cm) and yield (277 ... 579 g/m2). According to the results of analysis of variance, a significant influence of the genotype and year conditions on the manifestation of these characters was established. Plant height and yield depended on both factors and their interaction, but the first trait is determined mainly by the heredity of the varieties (46.1%), and the second - by the growing conditions (61.8%). There was a significant variation in the values of the studied indicators, both by genotypes and by years: the coefficient of intervarietal variation in the average values of the traits of grain yield and plant height for 2013–2017 amounted to 15.0 and 17.2%, respectively, with variation by years 15 , 4 ... 30.7% and 15.1 ... 20.1%, respectively. According to the results of regression analysis, it was found that within the studied gene pool the highest grain yield was formed by samples with a plant height of 86 ... 105 cm. 13 sources of short-stemming with a plant height below 80 cm and 17 high-yielding samples with a yield of 515 ... 579 g/m2 were identified. In these genotypes, the yield excess over Bashkirskaya short-stemmed standard was significant and amounted to 33 ... 97 g/ m2, or 6.8 ... 20.1%. The varieties Tribun, Skif, Kentavr, Sotnik are characterized by the highest breeding value

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Realizing productive capacity of crested wheatgrass varieties in the southern forest-steppe of the Bashkortostan Republic

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128202009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 282 ◽

pp. 02009

Author(s):

Asiya Nizaieva ◽

Rifkat Akchurin ◽

Rifkhat Biktimirov ◽

Rasul Musin ◽

Leonid Malyshev

Keyword(s):

Stress Factors ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Productive Capacity ◽

Seed Productivity ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Crested Wheatgrass ◽

Forage Crop ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

The Republic ◽

Variety Testing

Crested wheatgrass being high drought-resistant, is a promising forage crop for the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is relevant in developing varieties adapted to the environmental stress factors that have productive longevity, increased seed and fodder productivity. The paper presents the research results of crested wheatgrass varieties conducted in the nursery of competitive variety testing for seed productivity in 2018-2020. High seed productivity due to well-developed tillering capacity, powerful heads and large seeds of cultivars like Batyr, Brodskii crested, Parkway indicate their adaptation to local conditions and make them promising varieties for further study.

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Irrigation regime and water consumption of potatoes in the Republic of Bashkortostan, depending on the reclamation condition of lands

Melioration and Water Management ◽

10.32962/0235-2524-2019-6-13-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (6) ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Guzel Gumerova ◽

Georgiy Gulyuk ◽

Dmitry Kucher ◽

Anatoly Shuravilin ◽

Elena Piven

Keyword(s):

Water Consumption ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Growing Season ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Total Water ◽

Total Water Consumption ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

Irrigated Lands ◽

The Republic

Data of long-term researches (2015–2018) in southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan, is justified theoretically and experimentally the mode of irrigation of potatoes on leached chernozems of unsatisfactory, satisfactory and good ameliorative condition of irrigated lands. For the growing periods of potatoes with different heat and moisture supply, the number of watering, the timing of their implementation, irrigation and irrigation norms are established. On lands with unsatisfactory meliorative state the number of irrigation depending on weather conditions of potato vegetation period varied from 0 to 3 (1.5 on average) with average irrigation norm – 990 m3/ha. With satisfactory meliorative state of lands the number of irrigation on average increased from 0 to 4 (2.3 on average) with irrigation norm – 1305 m3/ha. On lands with good meliorative state the number of irrigation was the highest – from 1 to 5 (3 on average) with average irrigation irrigation norm is 1653 m3/ha. It was noted that in the dry periods of potato vegetation the greatest number of watering was carried out (3–5 watering), and in the wet periods (2017) watering was not carried out except for the area with a good reclamation state, where only one irrigation was carried out by the norm of 550 m3/ha. Water consumption of potato was studied in dynamics as a whole during the growing season and the months of the growing season depending on weather conditions of vegetation period and land reclamation condition of irrigated lands, as well as in the control (without irrigation). The lowest total water consumption was in the area without irrigation and averaged 226.8 mm. In irrigated areas, its values increased to 319-353.4 mm. The average daily water consumption varied from 2.12 to 3.3 mm. The highest rates of potato water consumption were observed in June and July, and the lowest – in May and August. In the total water consumption of potatoes on the site without irrigation, the largest share was occupied by atmospheric precipitation and in addition to them the arrival of moisture from the soil. Irrigation water was used in irrigated areas along with precipitation, the share of which was 30.2–46.1 %.

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Studying the association of polymorphic variants of LEP, TG5, CSN3, LGB genes with signs of dairy productivity of cattle

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i2.2013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1428-1432

Author(s):

Farit F. Zinnatov ◽

Farida F. Zinnatova ◽

Ali H. Volkov ◽

Takhir M. Akhmetov ◽

Azat M. Alimov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Husbandry ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Scientific Center ◽

Animal Blood ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Dna Fragment ◽

The Republic ◽

Thermal Cycler ◽

Efficiency Of Selection ◽

Academy Of Sciences

The efficiency of selection and breeding work in animal husbandry depends largely on the accuracy of the evaluation of the breeding value of animals. The integration of molecular genetics into applied science made it possible to assess the genetic potential of animal productivity not only on the basis of phenotype data but also directly at the DNA level. The study was conducted on the basis of Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences. The object of the study was DNA samples obtained from the blood of Holstein cows belonging to the stud farm “named after Lenin” of Atninsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. Animal blood was taken from the tail vein using vacutainer tubes with 100mM EDTA. DNA was isolated from the blood in the amount of 100 µl using a set of reagents for DNA extraction from the “Ampliprime DNA-sorb-B” clinical material (NextBio, Russia), according to the method presented by the producer. DNA fragment amplification was performed in T100 Thermal Cycler (Bio-Rad, USA) and on MyCycler programmable Thermal Cycler (Bio-Rad, USA). After amplification, each DNA fragment obtained by us in the study of TG5, CSN3, LGB genes, was subjected to cleavage by a restriction endonuclease. Hydrolysis was conducted at 37°C for 12 hours. The analysis of polymorphism of candidate genes of dairy productivity of leptin, thyroglobulin, kappa casein and beta-lactoglobulin with the use of PCR-RFLP was carried out. The most common were homozygous TG5CC, CSN3AA and heterozygous LEPCT, LGBAB genotypes. The study of the effect of polymorphism of these genes on milk production showed that animal carriers of LEPCT, TG5TT, CSN3AB, LGBBB genotypes have the best indicators of dairy productivity.

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Agrobiological characteristics of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Ukrainian Journal of Ecology ◽

10.15421/2020_210 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 81-86

Author(s):

V.P. Karpenko ◽

S.P. Poltoretskyi ◽

V.V. Liubych

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Stability Index ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Soft Wheat ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽

Spelt Wheat ◽

Phases Of Development

Estimation of spelt wheat and the species of intermediate wheatgrass by the main agrobiological indicators (calendar dates of the beginning of the main phases of plant development, plant height dynamics, dry mass accumulation, grain yield and protein content) compared to soft wheat was done. The index of stability of grain yield formation was determined. It was found that the main phases of development in spelt wheat occurred on average 10–15 days later than in soft wheat. Plants of intermediate wheatgrass in the first year of cultivation had slower growth. The main phases of development in plants of intermediate wheatgrass of the second and third year of growth occurred almost in the same time with soft wheat. It was established that spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass were significantly superior to soft wheat in plant height. In the earing phase, the height of these plants was on average more than 100 cm, which had to be taken into account when growing these crops. It varied from 25 to 42 cm in spelt wheat and from 29 to 57 cm in intermediate wheatgrass during the stem elongation phase depending on the weather conditions of the research year. This indicator ranged from 107 to 113 cm and from 96 to 117 cm, respectively, in the earing phase, and from 137 to 168 cm and from 107 to 196 cm in the phase of milk ripeness of grain. Plants of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass had a high stability index of the formation of dry matter and grain yield. It should be noted that intermediate wheatgrass formed a significant vegetative mass even in the earing phase. The vegetative mass in spelt wheat was formed during the earing period – full ripeness of grain. These crops (spelt wheat – 22.1 ± 0.4, intermediate wheatgrass – 22.4–24.6 ± 0.2–0.5) were significantly superior to soft wheat (12.1 ± 0.5) by the content of protein in grain, so it was recommended to involve them in the selection programs to create species with high productivity. However, spelt wheat (5.58 ± 0.13) was less and intermediate wheatgrass (0.98–1.22 ± 0.14–0.18) was the most inferior to soft wheat (8.03 ± 0.27) in terms of grain yield.

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Study of populations of Carum carvi seeds in the climatic conditions of the northern Trans-Urals

Agrarian Bulletin of the ◽

10.32417/1997-4868-2020-195-4-11-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 195 (4) ◽

pp. 11-19

Author(s):

M. Gubanov ◽

A. Gubanov ◽

V. Gubanova

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Subsequent Increase ◽

Scientific Center ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Northern Forest ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Carum Carvi ◽

Two Samples

Abstract. The authors present the results of a study of the genetic characteristics of Carum carvi seeds (Carum carvi) in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. The purpose of the work is to study the genetic resources of medicinal and spicy – aromatic plants of the Northern Trans-Urals, to distinguish endemic forms from Carum carvi populations with valuable economic and biological characteristics. The area of priority areas is the study of this culture with a subsequent increase in the production of medicinal raw materials for the pharmaceutical and food industries. The novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region at the Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Northern Trans-Urals, a branch of the Federal Research Center of the Tyumen Scientific Center of the SB RAS, the feed production department, endemic forms from Carum carvi populations were studied. The variety Aromatnyy was used as a standard. Methods. Counts and observations were carried out according to the experimental technique. The collection nursery contains 200 samples of endemic forms of the 2nd year of life, of which 12 samples of this species were isolated. Of the forms previously introduced and adapted to local conditions, there were 150 plants of the same species of the 2nd year of life planted in 2017, of which 12 plants were isolated. The plot size is 9 m2. Results. In a collection nursery 350 samples of Carum carvi seeds of ordinary endemic and introduced forms of plants were studied. With the high seed yield and the highest content of essential oils in relation to the standard Aromatnyy variety, in the study of endemic forms, two samples of the second year of life, No. 1-2-2, and No. 1-4-2, were distinguished, and when studying introduced samples by seed productivity, the following were distinguished: No. 12-1-2 and No. 2-4-1 – 27.0 g per plant. The selected population samples for economically useful traits are a valuable genetic source for the yield of raw materials and the accumulation of essential oils.

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Analysis of oats varieties of selection of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center for the assembly of protein per unit area

Agrarian Bulletin of the ◽

10.32417/1997-4868-2020-203-12-22-34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 203 (12) ◽

pp. 22-34

Author(s):

P. Nikolaev ◽

O. Yusova ◽

Irina Safonova ◽

Nikolay Aniskov

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Stability Index ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Genotypic Effect ◽

Double Row ◽

Scientific Center ◽

Selection Of

. In the Russian Federation, barley is widespread and cultivated in all soil and climate zones. The purpose of the research is to determine the adaptability of Omsk varieties of filmy and naked barley on the basis of “grain yield”. Methods. The research was conducted from 2015 to 2019 in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Omsk. A detailed analysis of the adaptivity parameters is given: the coefficient of the index of environmental conditions, plasticity and stability according; multiplicative coefficient according; the ecovalent of plasticity according; homeostaticity and the stability index; breeding value; genotypic effect, the rate of reaction of varieties to the environmental conditions. Final adaptability of varieties is estimated by the sum of ranks obtained each grade of the studied parameters. Results. The results of the research showed that the most adaptive in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region are double-row filmy lines Nutans 4883, Nutans 4812 and variety Omskiy 101 (the sum of ranks = 34...38); multilayered membranous – Omskiy 99 and Nutans 4883 (sum of ranks = 54 and 56); two-row hulless hulless cultivar Omskiy golozernyy 1 (sum of ranks = 82); multi-row hulless varieties Omskiy golozernyy 2, Omskiy golozernyy 4 (sum of ranks = 86 and 84). Scientific novelty consists in the study of 8 varieties and 5 new promising lines of filmy and naked groups of barley, selection of the Omsk agricultural research center. The most adaptive varieties and lines for the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia are identified, which are recommended for introduction into production and for further breeding work.

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Assessment of plasticity and stability of grain sorghum varieties on the basis of their grain yield

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20202700027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 00027

Author(s):

O. Antimonova ◽

L. Syrkina ◽

A. Antimonov ◽

L. Kosykh

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Selection Process ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Environmental Stability ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

High Productivity ◽

Ecological Plasticity

Assessment of adaptability, environmental plasticity and stability of crop varieties in different climatic conditions is an important direction of the selection process. The purpose of the research was to assess the ecological plasticity and stability of 5 varieties (Premiera, Slavyanka, Ros, Kinelskoye 63, Dershavnoe) and 3 lines (L-28/14, L-141/14, L 34/14) of grain sorghum, to identify the role of abiotic factors in the dynamics of its grain yield at the final stages of selection in the competitive testing of varieties. The studies were carried out in the forest-steppe of the Samara region in experimental fields and in the laboratories of the Volga Research Institute of Breeding and Seed Production in 2015-2018 according to the dispersion methods of A.V. Kilchevsky and L.V. Khotyleva, S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russel. According to the ecological plasticity variety Ros and line L-34/14 were of intensive type. Varieties Derzhavhoe, Kinelskoye 63, Slavyanka and line L-28/14 belonged to the semi-intensive type. Variety Premiera and line L-141/14 were of extensive type. The combination of high productivity and stability was observed in varities Kinelskoye 63, Derzhavnoe, L-28/14 with high parameters of breeding value of genotype. Promising sample L-28/14 with high productivity and environmental stability is recommended for transfer to the state variety testing.

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The influence of primary tillage methods on the dynamics of moisture reserves and the yield of peas in the forest-steppe of the European part of Russia

Agrarian science ◽

10.32634/0869-8155-2020-339-6-58-61 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 58-61

Author(s):

O. V. Bukin ◽

D. V. Bochkarev ◽

A. N. Nikolsky ◽

N. V. Smolin

Keyword(s):

Maximum Yield ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

European Part ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

European Part Of Russia ◽

Primary Tillage ◽

The Republic ◽

Direct Sowing

Relevance and methods. The studies were carried out in 2017–2019. on podzolized chernozem in the forest-steppe zone of the European part of Russia on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia. Weather conditions during the years of research varied from humid to extremely arid. Intensive methods of tillage helped to reduce soil moisture before sowing peas.Results. Compared to direct sowing, humidity decreased by 11–39% in the upper soil layer, by 5–12% in the arable horizon. Productive moisture reserves were lower for plowing and discing than for direct sowing: 21–33% before sowing, and 27–34% in the budding phase. The maximum differences in the reserves of productive moisture between the methods of tillage were noted in 2018 during the phase of pea budding. In the cases with plowing and discing, the moisture content decreased in the horizon of 0–30 cm to critical values of 0–10 mm/ha. Significant differences in pea productivity between options with tillage were revealed only in 2019. The maximum yield was observed on plowing – 5.54 t/ha, the minimum on the option with direct sowing — 5.54 t/ha. Under drought conditions, maximum yields were observed in the variant with direct sowing of pea seeds.

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Winter rye yield depending on the types of fallows

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213700100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 00100

Author(s):

Albert Kuzminykh ◽

Sergey Novoselov ◽

Roman Eremeev

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Plant Protection Products ◽

Soil Microflora ◽

Winter Rye ◽

Microbiological Activity ◽

Agricultural Producers ◽

The Republic ◽

Soil Microbiological Activity

Winter rye is of great importance in strengthening and developing the grain economy of the Non-Chernozem region of Russia. In recent years, due to the high cost of fertilizers and plant protection products, agricultural producers have begun to pay more attention to the biologization of agriculture. One of the main means of biologizing agriculture is the use of sideration. The article presents the results of the research on the influence of pure, green-manured and occupied fallows on the growth and development of winter rye, crop contamination, soil microbiological activity and grain yield in the eastern part of the Volga- Vyatka zone. It was revealed that the weather conditions of the growing season of the Republic of Mari El allowed the cultivation of winter rye on the green-manured fallow. With timely plowing of siderite, the amount of productive moisture in the soil before sowing winter crops is sufficient. The use of sideration improves the phytosanitary state of the agrocenosis – the contamination of winter rye crops when cultivated with green-manured fallow is significantly lower in comparison with cultivation with occupied fallow. Being a valuable food and energy material for the soil microflora, the plowed organic mass of green fertilizers contributes to a significant increase in the microbiological activity of the soil. The replacement of pure and occupied fallow with green-manured fallow cultivation of winter rye on this fallow allows you to get a significant increase in grain yield.

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