scholarly journals Biologization technologies in agriculture of the Belgorod region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
N.I. Kloster ◽  
V.B. Azarov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The article summarizes the results of field experiments to study the effectiveness of biologization elements in the cultivation of agricultural crops in the Central Black Earth zone of Russia. It has been proved that compost based on poultry manure and granular organic fertilizers with shallow introduction contribute to an increase in yield of up to 50 cwt/ha of grain while improving the fertility of typical chernozem. The coefficient of structure is growing, the bulk density of the soil, physical and chemical characteristics are stabilized. Liquid pig-breeding drainage shows an increase in grain yield but does not have a significant effect on the state of arable land. Similar characteristics apply to technologies for the grain crops cultivation with the use of mineral fertilizers. The greatest economic efficiency was obtained with the combined application of different types of organic fertilizers in moderate doses with the surface method of the main soil cultivation.

scholarly journals Fertilizer circulation and nitrogen balance in the agrophytocenosis of sugar beet when acidizing typical chernozem (study with 15n)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
A.S. Avilov ◽  
N.Ya. Shmyreva ◽  
A.A. Zavalin ◽  
O.A. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Gaseous Nitrogen ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Root Crops

The studies were carried out under the conditions of a microfield experiment on typical chernozem (Belgorod region) with two soils (pH 5.0 and 6.5) with the addition of urea (enriched in 15N, 17.1 at. %) And effluents from a pig-breeding complex (PSC) at doses of 6 and 12 g N/m2 (against the background of phosphate and potash fertilizers, P6K6). The largest amount of nitrogen was consumed by sugar beets with the combined introduction of CCA and urea (25.8 g N/m2). When the soil was acidified to pHsalt 5.0, the consumption of nitrogen in mineral fertilizers decreased by 15-18%, soil ni-trogen – by 21-52%, and waste nitrogen – by 16%. At the same time, the immobilization of nitrogen in the fertilizer decreased by 13-18%, and the loss of gaseous nitrogen compounds increased by 47-108%. The effluent from the pig-breeding complex increased the immobilization of nitrogen in mineral fertilizers (by 38-46%) and reduced gaseous nitrogen losses (by 22-44%). The highest stability and productivity (root crop yield 1654 g/m2, tops yield 239 g/m2) was exhibited by agrophytocenosis on soil with pH 6.5 with the combined application of CCA and urea. When the soil solution was acid-ified to pH 5.0, the yield of beet root crops decreased by 30% and the yield of tops – by 24%. On soil with pH 5.0, fertilizers increased the sugar content in root crops by 0.2-1.3%, on soil with pH 6.5, they decreased by 1.3-2.0%.

scholarly journals Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Organic Fertilizers in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Haruna ◽  
M. S. Abimiku
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
State University ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Sheep Manure

Field experiments were carried out during the rainy seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the teaching and research farm of Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Lafia campus in the southern Guinea savanna agro-ecological zone of Nigeria to assess the effects of poultry manure, cow manure and sheep manure on the performance of sesame crop. Manure application was found to have significantly increased both yield and yield attributes of sesame compared with non application at all. Application of 2.5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of poultry manure produced the highest value for all the yield attributes measured. The seed yield per hectare in both years were also optimized with the application of 2.5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of poultry manure (1914.07 and 1933.20 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> in 2008 and 2009 respectively) compared with any other applied rates of sheep and cow manure and is therefore recommended.

scholarly journals Ecological assessment of the condition of soil and field crops cultivation with application of mineral fertilizers in the conditions of the northern steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
O. I. Tsyliuryk ◽  
V. I. Chorna ◽  
N. V. Voroshylova ◽  
L. M. Desyatnik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Concentration Limit ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Digestible Protein

In order to obtain a higher level of crop yields in crop rotation, there is a need to increase the application of fertilizers and pesticides, which, in turn, creates environmental problems of soil and groundwater pollution by harmful chemical elements and compounds. The purpose of the study was to study the influence of fertilizer systems with different tillage systems on the accumulation of heavy metals and nitrates in the soil and the main products of field crops. Bookmarking and conducting field experiments were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods of research. The maximum increase in grain yield from the use of N48Р18K18 on the shelf tillage system was – 0.25 (8.7%), grain units – 0.36 (9.9%), feed units – 0.41 (10.3%), digestible protein – 0.02 (5.0%) t/ha of crop rotation area. The use of N48Р18K18 in a differentiated tillage system increased grain yield by 0.34 (12.2%), grain units – 0.49 (13.5%), feed units – 1.12 (28.0%), digestible protein – 0.06 (13.6%) t/ha of crop rotation area. The use of N48Р18K18 in crop rotation with a shallow (mulching) tillage system gave an increase in grain yield by 0.38 (13.6%), grain units – 0.51 (14.2%), feed units – 0.57 (14.5%), digestible protein – 0.07 (15.9%) t/ha of crop rotation area. According to the results of research, the highest increases in mineral fertilizers in terms of productivity were characteristic of a shallow (mulching) background with a characteristic stricter nutrient regime. Our research has not found a significant increase in the content of heavy metals and nitrates in the main and by-products of field crops when applying mineral fertilizers, because their content in the products was within acceptable concentrations. The content of nitrates in the grain of different crops ranged from 18 to 40.4 mg/kg at a maximum concentration limit of 300 mg/kg. High culture of agriculture, improvement and development of new, more effective technologies of application of fertilizers in crop rotation and under each field crop taking into account soil and climatic conditions of the region, biological features of cultures and grades, specialization of crop rotations, etc. prevent environmental pollution. Rational use of mineral and organic fertilizers helps to increase soil fertility and is a major and indispensable factor in significantly increasing plant productivity and crop quality, maintaining an active biological and economic balance of nutrients without contamination of the environment with nitrates and heavy metals.

scholarly journals Soil fertility management in apple orchard with microbial biofertilizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 03020
Author(s):  
Andrei Kuzin ◽  
Alexei Solovchenko ◽  
Ludmila Stepantsova ◽  
Grigory Pugachev
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers

Intensification of horticulture in Russia involves planting of new high-density orchards with drip irrigation and fertigation as well as intensification of the exploitation of traditional orchards. This approach involves an increase in mineral fertilizer application imposing the risk of soil fertility loss. For several reasons, the use of traditional organic fertilizers like manure in orchards is currently marginal. Although bacteria-based biofertilizers cannot substitute mineral fertilizers completely, they can significantly reduce the need for mineral fertilizer application. The effect of microbial biofertilizers of the brands “Azotovit” (Azotobacter chroococcum), “Phosphatovit” (Bacillus mucilaginosus), as well as a mixture of bacteria and the fungus, “Organic” (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma harzian) was studied in two field experiments. In the experiment #1, the preparations “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit” were delivered through a drip irrigation system in various combinations with mineral fertilizers. In experiment #2, the preparation “Organic” was also applied to the soil with irrigation water, also in combination with the mineral fertilizer. When solely applied, none of the studied preparations changed significantly the soil nutrient content and yield as compared with the variant fertilized by the mineral fertilizer at the maximum studied application rate. The combination of the microbial biofertilizer and mineral fertilizers applied at a low rate ensured the yield commensurate to that obtained under high-rate application of the mineral fertilizer.

scholarly journals AGRO-BIOLOGICAL EFFIСIENCY OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND MICRO-BIOLOGICAL CONCENTRATES IN THE TOMATO AND PEPPER SOWINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6(75)) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
H.A. Mikaelyan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Tomato Variety ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Yield Capacity

In 2017-2019 the relative agro-biological effect of equal doses of mineral fertilizers, half rotten manure, granulated guano, organomix and that of the bacterial (Azoto + Phosphate Barvar) concentrates on the plants’ yield capacity and vegetative mass, as well as on the content of nitrates, total sugar, vitamin C and dry matters in the ripe fruits was investigated during the tomato and pepper field experiments in conditions of the Ararat valley. The highest effect has been observed in the mineral fertilizers (N150P80K150 and N150P80 kg/ha), half rotten manure (30 t/ha) and granulated guano (5 t/ha), while the lowest indicators have been recorded in the variants of organomix and bacterial concentrates after the control one. Within the three-year experiments the nitrate content in the mature fruits of the tomato variety “Lia” excessed the MPC value (150 mg/kg for the open ground), which seems to be a varietal characteristics.

scholarly journals Response of Microbial Activities in Soil to Various Organic and Mineral Amendments as an Indicator of Soil Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Elbl ◽  
Jana Maková ◽  
Soňa Javoreková ◽  
Juraj Medo ◽  
Antonín Kintl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Individual

The presented paper deals with the analysis of potential differences between organic waste compost (CBD), vermicompost (CVER) and mineral fertilizer (MF; 27% of N) applications affecting the quality of arable soil by influencing microbial activity therein. The selected types of compost represent alternatives to conventional organic fertilizers, which are, however, not available to Czech and Slovak farmers in sufficient amounts. Their mutual comparison and the comparison with organic fertilizers aim to provide farmers further information about their influence on arable land and thus to give them the possibility of deciding on the most suitable amendments. To demonstrate the effect of these amendments, six variants were prepared: one without the addition of fertilizers; two variants with the addition of 40 Mg/ha of CVER and CBD; one variant with the addition of double dosed CVER (80 Mg/ha), and the remaining two variants were fertilized only with MF (0.22 Mg/ha) and with the combination of CVER (0.20 Mg/ha) and MF (0.11 Mg/ha). Substrate induced respiration (SIR), basal respiration (BS), microbial carbon (Cmic) and enzymatic activities (hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate—FDA, dehydrogenase activity—DHA, and phosphatase activity—PA) were used to evaluate the effect of CBD, CVER and MF application on the soil quality. Both organic and mineral amendments affected BS and SIR. The highest BS and SIR rates were found in variants with compost application (CVER and CBD). All variants treated with the mineral fertilizer showed the lowest level of enzyme activities; lower by about 30% in comparison with variants where CVER, CBD and the combination of MF and CVER were applied. We found insignificant differences between the individual types of compost. More importantly, we compared the situation at the beginning of the experiment and after its end. It was found that the application of mineral fertilizers automatically led to the deterioration of all enzymatic parameters, on average by more than 25%, as compared with the situation at the beginning of the experiment. However, when the mineral fertilizer dose was supplemented with organic amendments (CVER), this negative effect was eliminated or significantly reduced. Furthermore, both composts (CVER and CBD) positively affected plant biomass production, which reached a level of production enhanced by the MF. Results clearly showed that the application of both compost types could be used to improve soil quality in agriculture.

scholarly journals Do New-Generation Recycled Phosphorus Fertilizers Increase the Content of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil and Plants?

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 999
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jastrzębska ◽  
Marta K. Kostrzewska ◽  
Agnieszka Saeid ◽  
Wiesław P. Jastrzębski
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Post Harvest

Phosphorus (P)-rich secondary raw materials can provide a valuable base for modern mineral fertilizers, provided that the new formulations do not load the soil–plant system with potentially toxic elements. Fertilizers from sewage sludge ash (SSA) and/or animal bones, activated by phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium or Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans), were tested in field experiments in north-eastern Poland. The reference provided treatments with superphosphate and treatment without phosphorus fertilization. In one experiment, all P-fertilizers were applied at a P dose of 21 kg·ha−1, and in the other three experiments, three P doses were adopted: 17.6, 26.4, and 35.2 kg·ha−1. The effect of recycled fertilizers on the content of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in the soil, in wheat grain and straw (test plant), weeds, and post-harvest residues was investigated. The application of recycled fertilizers in P amounts up to 35.2 kg·ha−1 did not change the As, Cr, Ni, Cu, or Zn contents in the soil and plant biomass. The contents of these elements in soil were below the permissible levels for arable land in Poland. Their concentrations in wheat grain and straw did not exceed the permissible or suggested limits for plant material to be used for food and feed, while in the weed and post-harvest residue biomass, they usually fell within the biological plant variability ranges.

scholarly journals Reducing the manifestation of phytophtorosis and increasing potato yield when applying fertilizers

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Galina Yuryevna Rabinovich ◽  
Daria Vasilievna Tikhomirova
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Potato Resistance

The results of a study of the effectiveness of the joint application of potato mineral and organic fertilizers are presented. The studies were carried out in 2017–2018. on the drained lands of the Tver region. Objects of research - potatoes of the Scarb variety, mineral and organic fertilizers in various doses. Organic fertilizers are products of the processing of organic raw materials based on fermentation processes - multipurpose compost (KMN) and BiGuEM. Mineral fertilizers - ammonium nitrate, double superphosphate and potassium chloride. In the work we used experimental methods - field experiments and theoretical research methods - mathematical statistics. Evaluation of the optimal fertilizer doses showed that BiHuEM organic fertilizer at a dose of 3 t / ha, when used together with mineral fertilizers at a dose equivalent to 3 t BiGuEM, provided potato resistance to late blight compared to the version where KMN was used - almost 8% in 2017 and 12% - in 2018, and compared with the option without the use of fertilizers (control) - by 61% and 23%, respectively. This combination of fertilizers provided the maximum yield (both general and marketable) in comparison with the control by 45% when calculating both types of yield in 2017, and in 2018 by 38% of the total and 53% of the commodity yield. A greater increase in potato yield was also revealed in the variant with BiGueM in comparison with the variant of using KMN - by 4.5% and 5.7% in 2017 and in 2018 by 6.1% and 10%, respectively. An increase in the quality of potatoes was noted, which is confirmed by the low content of nitrates in them, as well as by the increased content of starch, which was especially noted in 2017 - 34.3 g / kg and 15.99%, respectively.

scholarly journals Fertilizer effect on some basil bioactive compounds and yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teofil Gavrić ◽  
Josip Jurković ◽  
Drena Gadžo ◽  
Lejla Čengić ◽  
Emina Sijahović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is used as an aromatic and medicinal plant. Basil is grown in different regions with varying climates; the productivity and quality are influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors. This study was aimed to determine the impact of the application of different types of fertilizers on the yield and contents of some bioactive components in basil. The treatments consisted of three different types of fertilizers (mineral, organomineral, and organic) and control (without fertilization). The yield per plant and the essential oil content with fertilizer treatment were better than that in control. The highest fresh yield (450.9 g per plant) and oil content (0.94 mL 100 g-1) were recorded in basil cultivated using mineral fertilizers. Furthermore, the fresh yield (333.9 and 327.8 g per plant) and oil content (0.87 and 0.85 mL 100 g-1) were higher after the application of organic and organomineral fertilizers compared to that in the control treatment. There was no significant effect of fertilizer application on the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity. This study demonstrated a suitable practical application of organomineral fertilizers as a nutrient source in basil crop production in areas where the use of mineral and organic fertilizers is limited.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Types of Organic Fertilizers on the Nutrients and Anti Nutrients Composition of Amaranthus caudatus and Amaranthus cruentus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kahu Jerry Chechet ◽  
Umeh Chisom Charles
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Amaranthus Caudatus ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Different Types

Aims: To evaluate the effect of different types of organic fertilizers on the nutrients and anti nutrients composition of Amaranthus caudatus (Samaru local variety) and Amaranthus cruentus (NH84/452). Study Design: A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used for the experiment. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in the nursery of a homestead garden at No 20, Isaiah Balat Street, Sabo GRA, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Methodology: The study consists of seven treatments which includes control (no fertilizer), 5 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 poultry manure, 5 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 sewage sludge, 35 kg ha-1 and 70 kg ha-1 NPK compound fertilizer and also with two varieties; Amaranthus caudatus (Samaru local variety) and Amaranthus cruentus (NH84/452) with factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. At maturity, the leaves were harvested and prepared for laboratory analysis for both nutrients and anti-nutrient composition. Proximate composition was determined according to A.O.A.C protocol. Water soluble vitamins were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) while the metals were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Results: The ash, moisture, fat, protein, fibre, carbohydrate and energy of the two varieties were found in the range of 2.58 - 3.06%, 78.78 - 80.69%, 1.04 - 1.49%, 7.49 - 9.67%, 2.41 - 3.29%, 3.02 - 6.46% and 54.72 - 61.52 Kcal/100 g respectively. The micronutrients including β-carotene, vitamin C, niacin, riboflavin, iron and zinc were found in the range of 4.79 - 6.68, 14.37 - 40.36, 5.97 - 22.15, 8.37 - 27.99, 10.03 - 13.40 and 5.11 – 941 mg/100 g respectively. The anti-nutrients; tannins, phytate, saponins and oxalate were in the range of 0.33 - 0.69, 0.40 - 0.94, 1.29 - 2.30 and 0.53 - 1.01% respectively Conclusion: Poultry manure provided higher nutrients on the two varieties of Amaranth when compared with sewage sludge and NPK compound fertilizer. While sewage sludge resulted in the plants having higher anti-nutrients. The application of poultry manures at 10 tons/ha is therefore recommended for farmers to use to obtain more nutritious amaranth.

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