scholarly journals Impact of surface contamination on elemental composition of Sanguinea (Pall.) leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00105
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Sagaradze ◽  
Elena Y. Babaeva ◽  
Yulia V. Zagurskaya ◽  
Tatyana I. Siromlya
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Surface Contamination ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Visual Condition ◽  
The Impact

The leaves of C. sanguinea Pall. have the potential to accumulate dust on the surface. As the fine dust particles contain various chemical elements (ChEs), we studied the ChE composition in the leaves with different degrees of dust contamination to assess the impact on assay results. The samples of C. sanguinea leaves collected in the Kemerovo region (Russia) were divided into two groups based on the visual condition of plant material: clean leaves and dust contaminated leaves. The total ash assay revealed higher ash content, exceeding pharmacopoeial standards in the dust contaminated group. Dust contaminated leaf samples demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of many ChE: Si, Fe, Al, Na, Ti, Ni, Zr, Cr, V, Pb, La, Ga, Y, Sc and Yb comparing to non-contaminated plant material. The values of potentially hazardous ChEs were significantly lower than the maximum levels specified for medicinal raw materials in all studied samples.

scholarly journals Impact of surface contamination on elemental composition of Crataegus sanguinea (Pall.) leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00145
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Sagaradze ◽  
Elena Y. Babaeva ◽  
Yulia V. Zagurskaya ◽  
Tatyana I. Siromlya
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Surface Contamination ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Visual Condition ◽  
The Impact

The leaves of C. sanguinea Pall. have the potential to accumulate dust on the surface. As the fine dust particles contain various chemical elements (ChEs), we studied the ChE composition in the leaves with different degrees of dust contamination to assess the impact on assay results. The samples of C. sanguinea leaves collected in the Kemerovo region (Russia) were divided into two groups based on the visual condition of plant material: clean leaves and dust contaminated leaves. The total ash assay revealed higher ash content, exceeding pharmacopoeial standards in the dust contaminated group. Dust contaminated leaf samples demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of many ChE: Si, Fe, Al, Na, Ti, Ni, Zr, Cr, V, Pb, La, Ga, Y, Sc and Yb comparing to non-contaminated plant material. The values of potentially hazardous ChEs were significantly lower than the maximum levels specified for medicinal raw materials in all studied samples.

scholarly journals The electronic structure of the atom as a classification criterion of mineral technogenic waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (4) ◽  
pp. 042095
Author(s):  
A Sakharova ◽  
L Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Technogenic Waste ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gap Width

Abstract Today, the total scientific classification of solid industrial waste is absent because of their diversity. The task of universal of mineral technogenic waste recycling is complicated by the difference in their composition. The nature of the chemical elements that make up building materials is always taken into account to predict their properties. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to determine the classification characteristics of mineral technogenic waste recycling on the basis of natural-scientific ideas about the electronic structure of the atom. Studies were conducted on model systems with ceramic oxides entering s-, p-, d- elements in ceramic matrix to test the impact of the electronic structure of the mineral waste cation on operational characteristics of building materials. The experimental results showed that the strength of the samples changes in the series s → p → d of the belonging of the introduced oxide cation to the electronic family. Additionally, such an indicator as the energy-gap width was used to study the nature of the contacting solid phases. It is possible to identify which substances in technogenic raw materials have the greatest effect on the performance of the material in value of the energy-gap width.

scholarly journals Chemical fate and settling of mineral dust in surface seawater after atmospheric deposition observed from dust seeding experiments in large mesocosms

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5581-5594 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Desboeufs ◽  
N. Leblond ◽  
T. Wagener ◽  
E. Bon Nguyen ◽  
C. Guieu
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Poc Export ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Good Productivity

Abstract. We report here the elemental composition of sinking particles in sediment traps and in the water column following four artificial dust seeding experiments (each representing a flux of 10 g m−2). Dry or wet dust deposition were simulated during two large mesocosms field campaigns that took place in the coastal water of Corsica (NW Mediterranean Sea) representative of oligotrophic conditions. The dust additions were carried out with fresh or artificially aged dust (i.e., enriched in nitrate and sulfate by mimicking cloud processing) for various biogeochemical conditions, enabling us to test the effect of these parameters on the chemical composition and settling of dust after deposition. The rates and mechanisms of total mass, particulate organic carbon (POC) and chemical elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Nd, P, S, Sr and Ti) transfer from the mesocosm surface to the sediment traps installed at the base of the mesocosms after dust deposition show that (1) 15% of the initial dust mass was dissolved in the water column in the first 24 h after seeding. Except for Ca, S and N, the elemental composition of dust particles was constant during their settling, showing the relevance of using interelemental ratios, such as Ti/Al as proxy of lithogenic fluxes. (2) Whatever the type of seeding (using fresh dust to simulate dry deposition or artificially aged dust to simulate wet deposition), the particulate phase both in the water column and in the sediment traps was dominated by dust particles. (3) Due to the high Ba content in dust, Ba/Al cannot be used as productivity proxy in the case of high dust input in the sediment traps. Instead, our data suggests that the ratio Co/Al could be a good productivity proxy in this case. (4) After 7 days, between 30 and 68% of added dust was still in suspension in the mesocosms. This difference in the dust settling was directly associated with a difference in POC export, since POC fluxes were highly correlated to dust lithogenic fluxes signifying a ballast effect of dust. The highest fraction of remaining dust in suspension in the mesocosm at the end of the experiment was found inversely correlated to Chl a increase. This suggests that the fertilizing effect of dust on autotrophs organisms, the ballast effect, and POC fluxes are strongly correlated. (5) Our data emphasize a typical mass ratio Lithogenic/POC fluxes around 30 which could be used as reference to estimate the POC export triggered by wet dust deposition event.

Metal Ore Mining Technologies and Health of the Mining Region Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
V.I. Golik ◽  
◽  
Yu.I. Razorenov ◽  
N.M. Kachurin ◽  
M.Yu. Liskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Safe State ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

The issues of preventing chemical exposure of the products of mining and processing of mineral raw materials on the population of mining facilities are considered. The results are presented concerning assessment of the correlation between the intensity of chemical pollution of the infrastructure of mining enterprises and the health of miners and the population living in the vicinity of a mining enterprise by means of clinical and biochemical examination of residents. It is established that the negative effect of mining production on the health of the population is a consequence of development technologies with the abandonment of untreated ores in the cavities, where physicochemical processes of natural leaching are developing. It is shown that the known methods of fixing dumps reduce only the parameters of dust pollution without effecting the contamination of the territory with metal solutions, and the forms of finding chemical elements in the tailings of processing do not prevent their inclusion in the biological cycles of living creatures, therefore, the radical measure to prevent progressive morbidity is only the extraction of metals from the tailings of ore processing during disposal. It is established that the speed and direction of exomorphodynamic processes are determined by the parameters of movement of the mobile fractions of metallic minerals. The activity of natural leaching processes is a consequence of the development technologies and can be reduced by using controlled leaching of metal-containing minerals. The formula for the dependence of the parameters of chemical pollution on the distance to the pollution focus is obtained. The assessment of social damage from the effect of the polluted environment on health of the population only by expanses on the treatment of the population and social security services during disability is incorrect, because the impact of metals is much larger. The use of tailings for processing waste from the mining cycle after bringing it to a safe state in terms of metal content allows to reduce morbidity of workers and the population of residential areas of mining production.

scholarly journals African Dust Particles over the Western Caribbean Part I: Impact on air quality over the Yucatan Peninsula

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Ramirez-Romero ◽  
Alejandro Jaramillo ◽  
Maria F. Cordoba ◽  
Graciela B. Raga ◽  
Javier Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
African Dust ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. On a global scale, African dust is known as one of the major sources of mineral dust particles as they can be efficiently transported to different parts of the planet. Several studies have suggested that the Yucatan Peninsula could be influenced by such particles, especially in July, associated with the strengthening of the Caribbean low level jet. Although these particles have the potential to impact the local air quality significantly, as shown elsewhere (especially particulate matter, PM), the arrival and the impact of African dust into Mexican territory has not been quantitatively reported to date. Two short-term field campaigns were conducted to confirm the arrival of African dust onto the Yucatan Peninsula in July 2017 and July 2018 at the city of Merida atmospheric observatory (20.98° N 89.64° W). Aerosol particles were monitored at the ground level by different on-line and off-line sensors. Several PM2.5 and PM10 peaks were observed during both sampling periods, with a relative increase in the PM levels ranging between 200 % and 500 % with respect to the normal background. Given that these peaks were found to highly correlate with super micron particles and chemical elements typically found in mineral dust particles, such as Al, Fe, Si, and K, they are linked with African dust. This conclusion is supported by combining back trajectories with vertical profiles from radiosondes, reanalysis, and satellite images to show that the origin of the air masses arriving at Merida was the Saharan Air Layer (SAL). The good agreement found between the measured PM>sub>10 concentrations and the estimated dust mixing ratio content from MERRA-2 (Version 2 of the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications) corroborates the conclusion that the degradation of the local (and likely regional) air quality in Merida is a result of the arrival of African dust.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL RAW MATERIALS OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS POTENTILLA L.

2018 ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Людмила (Ljudmila) Ивановна (Ivanovna) Тихомирова (Tihomirova) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Григорьевна (Grigor'evna) Базарнова (Bazarnova) ◽  
Александра (Aleksandra) Викторовна (Viktorovna) Сысоева (Sysoeva) ◽  
Людмила (Ljudmila) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) Щербакова (Shherbakova)
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Active Substances

The genus Potentilla (Potentilla L.) is a member of the family Rosaceae, widespread in temperate, Arctic and Alpine zones of the Northern hemisphere. The genus is known since ancient times for its healing properties. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed traditional use of the extracts of Potentilla species in various diseases. Phytochemistry representatives of Potentilla L. are poorly understood. Biotechnology for the production of renewable raw materials is only developed for Potentilla alba L.Objective – to conduct phytochemical analysis of biotechnological raw materials and Potentilla alba L. Potentilla fragarioides L., identification of features of the elemental composition and accumulation of biologically active substances in comparison with intact plants.The result of the research developed in biotechnology for the production of biomass of P. fragarioides. The evaluation of the intensity and specificity of accumulation of chemical elements in bodies of regenerated plants of P. alba from the nutrient media in tissue culture. The elements of vigorous accumulation of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo Cu, and the element of a strong accumulation of Co. These features of the elemental composition of plant material P. alba, depending on the production method. Estimated purity, content of water and alcohol-soluble extractives, and certain groups of biologically active substances.It is revealed that white Potentilla and cinquefoil zemlyannikova are the hub of flavonoids and tannins. The incidences of accumulation of biologically active substances in the bloodroot zemljanichnoe exceed the targets set for the white cinquefoil, both traditional and biotechnological raw materials.

scholarly journals Pellets based on biofuels

Paliva ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Petr Buryan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Rye Straw

Laboratory analyzes showed that the wood chips had a higher bulk density and a significantly lower ash content than wood pellets produced by the company technological process company Pelletia-cz. using an annular granulator with a pellet outlet temperature of 80-90 ° C. The water content and calorific value of the wood chips were slightly lower than that of the wood pellets. The content of volatile combustibles and the elemental composition of the two compared energy raw materials did not differ significantly. On the contrary, significant differences were found in herbal pellets (from winter wheat straw, winter rye straw and from whole triticale) produced by the identical process. It was shown that both the plant material and the addition of 3 wt. clay flours (binders) affect their parameters. For example, the proportion of fine material by the addition of a binder was significantly reduced in rye (to 0.17% by weight) and triticale pellets (to 0.04% by weight). On the other hand, the disadvantage of adding clay flour as a binder additive is the increase in the ash content, which reduces the calorific value of the pellets. The heat of combustion of pellets made of wood materials was about 2.5 MJ / kg higher than that of herbal pellets. Combustion of pellets from the three types of herbs monitored produces more emissions of chlorine and nitrogen oxides contaminants than wood samples relative to wood samples. The chlorine content in ashes from herbal pellets compared to ashes from wood materials was about 50 times higher. The nitrogen content in the compared raw materials was about 5–15 times higher for herbs.

Elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Inna Yu. Tarmaeva ◽  
Anatoliy V. Skalny ◽  
Olga G. Bogdanova ◽  
Andrey R. Grabeklis ◽  
Alexandr I. Belykh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Elemental Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction.The study of the elemental status of the population of individual regions of the Russian Federation with the purpose of scientific development and implementation of measures for elimination of revealed elementosis is a promising direction for preventive medicine.The aim of the studyis to study the elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia, which was part of the Siberian Federal district (SFD) until 2018.Materials and methods.The analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on the basis of the accredited laboratory of “Center of biotic medicine”. (Moscow; ISO 9001: 2008 certificate 54Q10077 from 21.05.2010). The content of chemical elements in the hair of 130 adults (102 women and 28 men) aged 25–50 years was studied. This indicator serves as an indicator in assessing the impact of the environment on the human body. Methods of nonparametric statistics were used for mathematical processing of the data.Results.For women living in the Republic of Buryatia, the maximum values of Zn, increased levels of Cu, Li, Si were revealed; for men — the maximum values of Mg, Cr, Si, increased levels of P, Li, Se, V, Pb. Minimum values were found for P, Fe, V. Elemental status indicates a significant degree of prevalence of essential trace element deficiencies and electrolyte imbalance. The obtained data can be used as reference values for the content of chemical elements in the hair of adults living in the Republic of Buryatia.Conclusions:Elemental analysis of the population of the Republic of Buryatia indicates imbalances among the adult working-age population.

Оrganic Meat Production of Broiler Chickens Hubbard Redbro Cross

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of studying the impact of housing and feeding conditions on broiler chickens of Hubbard RedBro cross, as well as the quality of products obtained when using floor and cage content, in a farm. It established that when receiving a mixed feed of own production using feed raw materials grown on a farm without the use of pesticides, a statistically significant decrease in potentially dangerous substances for animal health is recorded. Compared with factory feed, it has reduced the content of pesticides by 14 times, and mercury and arsenic by 24 times, cadmium by five times, and lead by ten times. The results of the study of economic indicators of growing Hubbard RedBro cross broiler chickens, as well as the chemical composition and quality of carcasses, indicated that there was no significant difference between the floor and cell conditions of keeping. Still, the use of a diet based on eco-feeds contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of toxic metals in the muscles of the poultry of the experimental groups. As a result, it found that the use of the studied compound feed in the diets of broiler chickens increased the indicators of Biosafety and ensured the production of environmentally safe ("organic") poultry meat products.

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