scholarly journals Carbon dioxide as the main hazard in the design of personal ventilation systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 11018
Author(s):  
Igor Zvenigorodsky ◽  
Dmitry Lobanov ◽  
Alexander Mershchiyev ◽  
Roman Sheps
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Mental Work ◽  
Average Reference ◽  
Personal Ventilation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ventilation Systems

Mental work, used everywhere at present, is quite diverse and is characterized by various degrees of responsibility, monotony, attention, and the level of emotional stress. To provide comfortable living conditions for a person in a permanent workplace, it is also necessary to organize air conditioning systems. The most promising for this activity are personal ventilation systems, which provide a high-quality air environment in the area of human breathing while reducing capital and operating costs in comparison with traditional (mixing, displacement ventilation). However, when designing personal ventilation systems, one should not focus on the “average reference man”, but take into account the individual characteristics of the employee (age, gender, etc.) performing a specific type of mental activity. In order to clarify the actual value of carbon dioxide (with a certain degree of error) emitted by a person in a certain mental work, we perform a series of experiments. The authors conducted a significant amount of full-scale experimental investigations, the result of which is the confirmation of nature and dynamics of carbon dioxide`s changes in the room in the absence (inactivity) of ventilation systems (linear dependence), as well as the refinement of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted in a particular type of mental activity. It should be noted that this work is the beginning of large-scale scientific research designed to collect and systematize data on emissions of harmful substances from people engaged in various types of mental activity.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF CARBON DIOXIDE INTAKE INTO THE ROOM FROM A PERSON ENGAGED IN MENTAL WORK

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Валерьевич Лобанов ◽  
Игорь Иванович Звенигородский ◽  
Александр Александрович Мерщиев ◽  
Роман Александрович Шепс
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Mental Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ventilation Systems

Умственный труд достаточно разнообразен и характеризуется различной степенью ответственности, монотонности, внимания, уровнем эмоционального напряжения. Для обеспечения комфортных условий пребывания человека на постоянном рабочем месте, необходимо в том числе организовывать системы климатизации. Наиболее перспективными для указанной деятельности, являются персональные системы вентиляции, обеспечивающие качественную воздушную среду в зоне дыхания человека при одновременном снижении капитальных и эксплуатационных затрат по сравнению с традиционными видами систем вентиляции (смешивающая, вытесняющая вентиляция). Однако, при проектировании таких систем следует ориентироваться не на «среднего условного человека», а учитывать индивидуальные особенности работника (возраст, пол и др.), выполняющего конкретный вид умственной деятельности. С целью уточнения фактической величины углекислого газа, выделяемого человеком при определенной умственной работе, проведены натурные экспериментальные исследования, результатом которых является подтверждение характера и динамики изменения углекислого газа в помещении при отсутствии (бездействии) вентиляционных систем (линейная зависимость), а также уточнение величины выделяющейся двуокиси углерода при конкретном виде умственной деятельности (исследовался труд инженера-проектировщика). Intellectual work is quite diverse and is characterized by different degrees of responsibility, monotony, attention, the level of emotional tension. In order to ensure comfortable conditions for a person staying at a permanent workplace among other things it is necessary to arrange climate control systems. The most promising ventilation systems for the above activities are personal ones that provide high-quality air environment in the breathing zone of a person while reducing capital and operating costs compared with traditional types of ventilation systems (mixing, displacement ventilation). However, the design of such systems should be guided not by the "average conditional person" but by the individual characteristics of the worker (age, gender, etc.) performing a particular type of mental activity. In order to clarify the actual value of carbon dioxide emitted by a person doing a particular mental work, we conducted a series of field experimental studies. They resulted in confirmation of the nature and dynamics of changes in carbon dioxide in the room in the absence (inactivity) of ventilation systems (linear dependence). As well we clarified the value of emitted carbon dioxide at a particular type of mental activity (in this article we studied the work of an engineer-designer).

scholarly journals DIALOGUE IN PEDAGOGICAL INTERACTION AS A PRECONDITION TO FOSTER MEDICAL STUDENT PROFESSIONALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
I.M. Donets ◽  
A.S. Hryhorenko ◽  
O.V. Voloshyna ◽  
K.V. Shtepa
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual

A large-scale reform of Ukrainian education has set up new challenges in the field of education and professional training. The society raises questions on the humanization of professional education, its focus on a differentiated approach to learning, taking into account the individual characteristics of each person, its potential. Therefore, it is critical to create favourable conditions throughout the entire period of learning at the university. Many researchers and practitioners also raise the question of the spiritual and personal development of students, boosting of their self-consciousness, as well as the ways to foster a positive and creative approach to their future profession. The importance of the dialogue in the pedagogical interaction as a condition for the development of the professional orientation of medical students, their self-identification as carriers of professional values is emphasized. The article elucidates the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of the professional orientation of future doctors. Based on the results of empirical research, the nature of the relationship between teachers and students, the styles of their pedagogical interaction are described. The article reveals the features of pedagogical interaction: the analysis of various approaches to its definition, as well as its main mechanisms. Particular attention is paid to such a side of pedagogical interaction between the teacher and students as pedagogical communication, the so-called "barriers" in communication and ways to overcome these obstacles. The leading forms of organization of the educational process, which will ensure the optimization of pedagogical interaction between the teacher and students, are detailed.

Mental health explains individual deviations from normative range in cognition-associated brain states

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Diego Vidaurre ◽  
Janine Bijsterbosch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Brain State ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Brain States ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Unique Individual

AbstractLinks between cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders have been studied predominantly at the group level, leaving unique individual characteristics largely unknown. Here, we applied normative modeling to UK Biobank data (N=18,634) and estimated the interplay of large-scale brain networks over time (i.e., dynamic brain state) at the individual level. Abnormality in such brain states was linked to individual variation in mental health. Specifically, brain state measures including fractional occupancy were estimated as a function of general cognitive ability and abnormality scores per participant were quantified to represent the degree of deviations relative to the estimated population norm. We found significant associations between the abnormality scores of several brain states and individual’s overall mental health. Our findings suggest potential impact of mental health on dynamic brain states subserving cognitive functions and shed light on the relevant brain mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in mental illness.

THE METHODS OF DEVELOPING COMPUTATIONAL THINKING OF STUDENTS WHILE STUDYING THE COURSE "NUMERICAL METHODS" BASED ON BLENDED LEARNING

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
M. M. Klunnikova
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
The Individual

The work is devoted to the consideration of improving the quality of teaching students the discipline “Numerical methods” through the development of the cognitive component of computational thinking based on blended learning. The article presents a methodology for the formation of computational thinking of mathematics students, based on the visualization of algorithmic design schemes and the activation of the cognitive independence of students. The characteristic of computational thinking is given, the content and structure of computational thinking are shown. It is argued that a student with such a mind is able to manifest himself in his professional field in the best possible way. The results of the application of the technique are described. To determine the level of development of the cognitive component of computational thinking, a diagnostic model has been developed based on measuring the content, operational and motivational components. It is shown that the proposed method of developing computational thinking of students, taking into account the individual characteristics of students’ thinking, meaningfully based on the theoretical and practical aspects of studying the discipline, increases the effectiveness of learning the course “Numerical methods”. The materials of the article are of practical value for teachers of mathematical disciplines who use information and telecommunication technologies in their professional activities.

MEDIA SOCIALIZATION OF PERSONALITY IN THE CONTEXT OF INMUTATION IN THE MASS MEDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Chernysh O.O.
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual

The urgency of the researched problem is connected with the growing role of mass media in modern conditions leads to change of values and transformation of identity of the person. The active growth of the role of the media, their influence on the formation and development of personality leads to the concept of “media socialization” and immutation in the media. The aim of the study is to outline the possibilities of the process of media socialization in the context of immutation in the media. The methods of our research are: analysis of pedagogical, psychological, literature, synthesis, comparison, generalization. The article analyzes the views of domestic and foreign scientists on the problem of immutation in the media and the transformation of the information space. In the context of the mass nature of the immutation of society, the concept of “media socialization” becomes relevant, which is the basis for reducing the negative impact of the media on the individual.The author identifies the lack of a thorough study of the concept of “media socialization” in modern scientific thought. Thus, media socialization is associated with the transformation of traditional means of socialization, and is to assimilate and reproduce the social experience of mankind with the help of new media.The article analyzes the essence of the concepts “media space”, “mass media” and “immutation”. The influence of mass media on the formation and development of the modern personality is described in detail.The study concluded that it is necessary to form a media culture of the individual, to establish safe and effective interaction of young people with the modern media system, the formation of media awareness, media literacy and media competence in accordance with age and individual characteristics for successful media socialization. The role of state bodies in solving the problem of media socialization of the individual was also determined. It is determined that the process of formation of media culture in youth should take place at the level of traditional institutions of socialization of the individual.The author sees the prospect of further research in a detailed analysis and study of the potential of educational institutions as an institution and a means of counteracting the mass nature of the immutation of society.Key words: immutation, media socialization, mass media, media space, information.

DECISION-MAKING ON INVESTMENT OF IT-INNOVATION BASED ON FUZZY EXPERT INFORMATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Olga Olegovna Eremenko ◽  
Lyubov Borisovna Aminul ◽  
Elena Vitalievna Chertina
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Investment Management ◽  
It Projects ◽  
Product Model ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
The Individual

The subject of the research is the process of making managerial decisions for innovative IT projects investing. The paper focuses on the new approach to decision making on investing innovative IT projects using expert survey in a fuzzy reasoning system. As input information, expert estimates of projects have been aggregated into six indicators having a linguistic description of the individual characteristics of the project type "high", "medium", and "low". The task of decision making investing has been formalized and the term-set of the output variable Des has been defined: to invest 50-75% of the project cost; to invest 20-50% of the project cost; to invest 10-20% of the project cost; to send the project for revision; to turn down investing project. The fuzzy product model of making investment management decisions has been developed; it adequately describes the process of investment management. The expediency of using constructed production model on a practical example is shown.

Models, Practices and Methods of Reading: Evolution in Time and Space

2009 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Yulia P. Melentyeva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Program ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Individual

In recent years as public in general and specialist have been showing big interest to the matters of reading. According to discussion and launch of the “Support and Development of Reading National Program”, many Russian libraries are organizing the large-scale events like marathons, lecture cycles, bibliographic trainings etc. which should draw attention of different social groups to reading. The individual forms of attraction to reading are used much rare. To author’s mind the main reason of such an issue has to be the lack of information about forms and methods of attraction to reading.

THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF FORECASTING THE COST OF A SOFTWARE PRODUCT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlo Rodionov ◽  
◽  
Anna Ploskonos ◽  
Lesya Gavrutenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Continue Research ◽  
Cocomo Model ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The paper analyzes the factors that affect the amount of effort required to create a mobile application and its cost. It is established that the main factors of influence are the design of the application, its functionality, the type of mobile platform, the availability and level of testing and support, as well as the individual characteristics of the developer. Based on the analysis of information sources, the main methods and approaches to forecasting the cost of software products are identified, which include the COCOMO model, Price-to-win method, expert evaluation, algorithmic methods and the method of analogies. It is proposed to consider the method of analogies as a tool that allows you to make predictions about the cost of resources required for the successful implementation of IT projects based on the experience of similar projects. It is proved that the advantages of this method are the simplicity of its implementation and the clarity of the results obtained, which follows from the practical orientation of this tool. Among the limitations of the method of analogy is the mandatory need for reliable data relating to similar projects, as well as the difficulty of taking into account unspecified indicators. Taking into account the mentioned limitations of the method of analogies and on the basis of the analysis of scientific sources the possible directions of its optimization are determined. Thus, among the ways to improve the effectiveness of this method are those aimed at optimizing the project selection process, the data for which are used as a basis for forecasting. Attempts to improve the method of analogies by including parameters that were previously ignored by this technique seem promising. This in turn can lead to an expansion of the scope of the method of analogies and increase the accuracy of forecasts. As prospects for further research, the need to continue research in the field of optimization of the method of analogies with the subsequent practical verification of theoretical positions on the data of real projects.

Methods for assessing territory pollution by oil or petroleum product spills

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
S. I. Chelombitko ◽  
V. V. Piven
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Gas Fields

During the development of oil and gas fields and transportation of hydrocarbons, the ecology of regions is subject to various negative impacts. The most severe consequences for the environment are caused by accidental spills of oil or petroleum products, which occur due to through damage to pipelines. Polluted territories are subject to mandatory reclamation in accordance with government regulations and industry regulations. However, despite the measures taken by the administrations of the northern regions to increase the rate of reclamation of damaged territories in recent years, there has been a trend of growth of areas contaminated with hydrocarbons.Various remediation technologies that have been tested in warm and temperate climates are not very effective in regions with permafrost. Pollution of the daytime surface with oil or petroleum products leads to an increase in the absorption of the sun's radiant energy, the growth of the seasonal thaw layer and the development of destructive processes for the territory. To achieve a positive effect as a result of rehabilitation measures, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of the territory and the extent of its pollution.

Effect of Visual Feedback on the Static and Kinematic Characteristics of Handwriting

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pertsinakis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Medium Education ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Pen Tablet ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Document Examiners

Research on visual feedback has not produced consistent results to show how visual feedback or the lack, thereof, influences individual handwriting characteristics. A two-pronged approach was designed to investigate the degree of this influence. For this purpose, samples of signatures as well as cursive and block text, written with and without visual feedback, were collected from 40 volunteers and imported into a PC via a pen tablet, using an electronic inking pen. The data was analyzed in a handwriting movement analysis software module specially designed for this research that was added to the software MovAlyzeR by Neuroscript LLC. Two forensic document examiners (FDEs) independently analyzed samples from the two groups (samples executed with normal visual feedback versus the group of samples executed without visual feedback). They found no fundamental differences between these two groups. Their analyses also demonstrated that a large number of similarities existed in the general design of the allographs (alternative forms of a letter or other grapheme) and in the pictorial aspects, regardless of the complexity of the samples. In the cursive and block handwriting, four main qualitative characteristics were linked to the absence of visual feedback: change of overall size, non-uniformity of left margins, change of baseline alignment, and inclusion of extra trajectories. The statistical analysis verified the above findings. The comparative analysis also suggests that gender, educational level (above high school) and handedness create an insignificant influence on the individual characteristics of writing produced with and without visual feedback. The only notable exception is the relationship between signature duration and educational level. The volunteers with a medium education level showed a significant increase in duration while signing their names without visual feedback in comparison to those with higher education levels. The combination of the above findings suggests that handwriting is not fundamentally influenced by visual feedback.  Purchase Article - $10

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document