scholarly journals Research on Evolutionary Game of Engineering Community Members from the Perspective of Engineering Ethics

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Ziming Zhu ◽  
Yuanzhen Song ◽  
Menglin Qin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Engineering Ethics ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Engineering Community ◽  
Ethical Commitment ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Reservoir Project ◽  
Sanmenxia Reservoir

Engineering ethics is a system of ethical principles applied to engineering, which plays the role of value guidance and criterion evaluation in engineering construction activities. Based on engineering ethics, writers review the Sanmenxia Reservoir Project, and use system dynamics to systematically study the evolutionary game of engineering community members, including government, enterprise, and people, involved in the engineering activities. The results show that the engineering community is a heterogeneous community with complex game behaviors, and the correct ethical choice is the key factor that promotes the evolution of the community members to cooperative dynamic equilibrium. Good management of ethical commitment, emphasis on professionalism and public services, strengthening risk alert and avoidance are effective ways for members of the engineering community to form a cooperative game, avoid tragedy of public resources, and ultimately ensure the orderly development of projects.

The Logic of Social Sharing: An Evolutionary Game Analysis of Adaptive Norm Development

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kameda ◽  
Masanori Takezawa ◽  
Reid Hastie
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Social Resource ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Dynamic Relation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Social Sharing ◽  
Communal Sharing

Although norms can potentially serve useful constructs to understand human minds, being fundamentally social in evolutionary as well as cultural senses, there are as yet no useful psychological theories of adaptive norm development. This article provides an illustrative model about how a norm emerges in a society. We focus on the “communal-sharing norm” in primordial societies, a norm designating uncertain resources as common properties to be shared with other members. Based on anthropologicalfindings, we develop a theory about how the communal-sharing norm emerges and is maintained. Then, using evolutionary computer simulations, we test several hypotheses about the conditions under which the norm will dominate social resource sharing. We further test behavioral implications of the norm, demonstrating that uncertainty involved in resource acquisition is a key factor that triggers the psychology of sharing even in highly industrialized societies. Finally, we discuss the importance of norm construct for analyzing the dynamic relation between minds and society.

scholarly journals Research on a Dynamic Equilibrium Mechanism of Core Layer Interests in the Mobile Medical Platform Business Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Shenghua ◽  
Wang Shijie ◽  
Chen Jue
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Business Ecosystem ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Ecological Resources ◽  
The One

Abstract In recent years, with the development of the mobile Internet, big data and cloud computing, by aggregating platform ecological resources, mobile medical platforms such as the one operated by Ding Xiang Yuan have played an irreplaceable role in improving efficiency, optimizing resource allocation and promoting the transformation and upgrading of the medical industry. Despite this, most of the domestic mobile medical platforms in China still experience problems, such as an immature business model, stagnation of the interaction of knowledge and information among platform members, and weak platform competitiveness. Based on a review of platform and commercial ecosystems, this paper, by using the evolutionary game method and simulation, analyses the evolutionary stability strategy of operators, partners and users in the core layer of the platform during pre-flow and post-flow periods of a mobile medical platform; this study thereby constructs a benefit dynamic equilibrium model of a platform business ecosystem under the optimal decisions made by all parties involved in the platform. The research helps reveal the inherent law of the development of mobile medical platforms and provides recommendations for policy-making and strategy formulation in building an appropriate business ecosystem and achieving sustainable development in mobile medical platforms.

scholarly journals First Crystal Structure of Bacterial Oligopeptidase B in an Intermediate State: The Roles of the Hinge Region Modification and Spermine

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1021
Author(s):  
Dmitry E. Petrenko ◽  
Vladimir I. Timofeev ◽  
Vladimir V. Britikov ◽  
Elena V. Britikova ◽  
Sergey Y. Kleymenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate State ◽  
Conformational Transition ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Catalytic Triad ◽  
Hinge Region ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Oligopeptidase B ◽  
Ligand Free ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
First Time

Oligopeptidase B (OpB) is a two-domain, trypsin-like serine peptidase belonging to the S9 prolyloligopeptidase (POP) family. Two domains are linked by a hinge region that participates in the transition of the enzyme between two major states—closed and open—in which domains and residues of the catalytic triad are located close to each other and separated, respectively. In this study, we described, for the first time, a structure of OpB from bacteria obtained for an enzyme from Serratia proteomaculans with a modified hinge region (PSPmod). PSPmod was crystallized in a conformation characterized by a disruption of the catalytic triad together with a domain arrangement intermediate between open and closed states found in crystals of ligand-free and inhibitor-bound POP, respectively. Two additional derivatives of PSPmod were crystallized in the same conformation. Neither wild-type PSP nor its corresponding mutated variants were susceptible to crystallization, indicating that the hinge region modification was key in the crystallization process. The second key factor was suggested to be polyamine spermine since all crystals were grown in its presence. The influences of the hinge region modification and spermine on the conformational state of PSP in solution were evaluated by small-angle X-ray scattering. SAXS showed that, in solution, wild-type PSP adopted the open state, spermine caused the conformational transition to the intermediate state, and spermine-free PSPmod contained molecules in the open and intermediate conformations in dynamic equilibrium.

scholarly journals Analysis of Fallow Farming Decision-Making Behavior of Farmers Based on Hawk-Dove Game Theory: The Case of Guizhou Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3821
Author(s):  
Hualin Xie ◽  
Qing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

Implementing a land fallow policy is of great significance for ensuring China’s food security and promoting the improvement of the ecological environment. The implementation of a fallow project involves different stakeholders. Farmers are the main participants in the fallow project. The decision of farmers to practice fallow is the key factor for the successful development of the fallow project. Therefore, this study theoretically reveals the decision-making mechanism of farmers’ participation in cultivated land fallow by utilizing the hawk-dove evolutionary game theory among farmers and explains some challenges in the implementation of fallow in Guizhou Province. We drew the following conclusions: (1) The behavior of farmers will be affected by other farmers in the same situation, and the effects of mutual incentives and imitations between the groups of farmers are affected by their interests; (2) in the fallow project, the rate of choosing either fallow or unfallow depends on the ratio of fallow income to planting income. If the income of participating in fallow is higher, the demonstration effect of farmers participating in fallow is stronger, and the strategy of continued cultivation is adopted. The fewer unfallow farmers there are, the more consolidated the results of fallow will be; and (3) the government should protect the income of farmers after fallow as much as possible, implement flexible subsidy policies, and formulate corresponding policies to successfully consolidate the fallow results.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Stable Strategies In Networked Games: The Influence Of Topology

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharshana Kasthurirathna ◽  
Mahendra Piraveenan ◽  
Shahadat Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Network Topology ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary Stability ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Topological Stability ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Social

Abstract Evolutionary game theory is used to model the evolution of competing strategies in a population of players. Evolutionary stability of a strategy is a dynamic equilibrium, in which any competing mutated strategy would be wiped out from a population. If a strategy is weak evolutionarily stable, the competing strategy may manage to survive within the network. Understanding the network-related factors that affect the evolutionary stability of a strategy would be critical in making accurate predictions about the behaviour of a strategy in a real-world strategic decision making environment. In this work, we evaluate the effect of network topology on the evolutionary stability of a strategy. We focus on two well-known strategies known as the Zero-determinant strategy and the Pavlov strategy. Zero-determinant strategies have been shown to be evolutionarily unstable in a well-mixed population of players. We identify that the Zero-determinant strategy may survive, and may even dominate in a population of players connected through a non-homogeneous network. We introduce the concept of ‘topological stability’ to denote this phenomenon. We argue that not only the network topology, but also the evolutionary process applied and the initial distribution of strategies are critical in determining the evolutionary stability of strategies. Further, we observe that topological stability could affect other well-known strategies as well, such as the general cooperator strategy and the cooperator strategy. Our observations suggest that the variation of evolutionary stability due to topological stability of strategies may be more prevalent in the social context of strategic evolution, in comparison to the biological context.

scholarly journals THE MEDIA AND ITS ROLE IN POLITICAL DECISION-MAKING

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 254-263
Author(s):  
Anwer Mohamed Ahmed ABUJANAH
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Sound Image ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Message

The great role and the great importance that the media occupy nowadays is very clear to be noticed, it is one of the most important institutions, and one of the most important platforms that communicate its voice to people and it works to cultivate beliefs and ideas, and shape people's opinions about what is going on around them, and their perception of issues. Popularity of modern information in the transfer of modern ideas is a key factor that affect Related the country, and well prepared Related to scientific and technological progress to speed up the delivery of the media message. The importance of the media has increased in our era accordingly In sound, image and word, the development that took place in the media by relying on satellites and the industrial sector for radio and television broadcasting, which occurred in printing and electronic newspapers, distances were reduced between regions and eliminated the borders and separations between nations and peoples. The media has reached the peak of importance and danger at the same time, due to its great influence on Stirring up public opinion for or against what is happening in terms of developments or changes, and the amendment or incitement that occurs on the constants in social values, intellectual beliefs, religious approaches, and different concepts in the affairs of the Human life in various parts of the world reached by the media, as the media and its means have become leadinga major role in transmitting and disseminating information, describing events, and forming public opinion, and this role has grow In general, there are more typical ways with the advancement of science, the intertwining of its interests, and the important role of the media In the community, and the media through it can provide community members with the information they may have Become public opinion material.

scholarly journals Whakatipu te Pā Harakeke: What are the success factors that normalise the use of Māori language within the whānau?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Maureen Muller
Keyword(s):  
Success Factors ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Support Resources ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Kaupapa Māori ◽  
Family Language ◽  
Language Revitalisation

<p>Despite the language revitalisation efforts of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa Māori, the Māori language is still endangered. The population of highly proficient speakers is dwindling (Statistics New Zealand, 2013). The Māori language is not a language of everyday use across a range of settings (Te Puni Kōkiri, 2008). Language experts have identified intergenerational transmission as the principal means of evaluating the vitality of a language and a key factor in reversing language shift (Fishman, 1991; Spolsky, 2004). This requires re-establishing the Māori language in the home. Although there is evidence of the re-emergence of intergenerational Māori language transmission, this is at the initial stages and is not yet the norm in Māori society. The process of transferring the Māori language from generation to generation depends on decisions by parents to learn and use te reo Māori on an everyday basis in their interactions with their children. Whilst educational institutions can support whānau and communities, they cannot take their place (Fishman, 1991). Community support is vital because a living language requires a pool of active speakers, in particular those who speak the language to younger community members.  This thesis examines the efforts of eight whānau who have contributed to the revitalisation of the Māori language by ensuring the language is transmitted intergenerationally to their children. All but one of the parents learnt Māori as a second language in their adult years. Six critical success factors emerged from the findings that can be utilised by language planners and parents wanting to normalise the use of Māori within the whānau. The factors include critical awareness, family language policy, Poureo, support, resources and increasing parental language skills.</p>

scholarly journals Mechanism for shifting Nash equilibrium trajectories to cooperative Pareto solutions in dynamic bimatrix games

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 218-243
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Krasovskii ◽  
◽  
Alexander M. Tarasyev ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Viscosity Solutions ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Value Functions ◽  
Bimatrix Games ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Minimax Solutions ◽  
Jacobi Equations

In the paper, constructions of the generalized method of characteristics are applied for calculating the generalized minimax (viscosity) solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equations in dynamic bimatrix games. The structure of the game presumes interactions of two players in the framework of the evolutionary game model. Stochastic contacts between players occur according to the dynamic process, which can be interpreted as a system of Kolmogorov's differential equations with controls instead of probability parameters. It is assumed that control parameters are not fixed and can be constructed by the feedback principle. Two types of payoff functions are considered: short-term payoffs are determined in the current moments of time, and long-term payoffs are determined as limit functionals on the infinite time horizon. The notion of dynamic Nash equilibrium in the class of controlled feedbacks is considered for the long-term payoffs. In the framework of constructions of dynamic equilibrium, the solutions are designed on the basis of maximization of guaranteed payoffs. Such guaranteeing strategies are built in the framework of the theory of minimax (viscosity) solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equations. The analytical formulas are obtained for the value functions in the cases of different orientations for the “zigzags” (broken lines) of acceptable situations in the static game. The equilibrium trajectories generated by the minimax solutions shift the system in the direction of cooperative Pareto points. The proposed approach provides new qualitative properties of the equilibrium trajectories in the dynamic bimatrix games which guarantee better results of payoffs for both players than static Nash equilibria. As an example, interactions of two firms on the market of innovative electronic devices are examined within the proposed approach for treating dynamic bimatrix games.

scholarly journals Technological Development and The Dynamics of Juwana’s Fisherman Social Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-52
Author(s):  
Widya Hasian Situmeang ◽  
Rilus A Kinseng ◽  
Djuara P Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Upward Mobility ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Technological Developments

Changes created by technological developments are not only about material changes, but are also closely related to changes in social structure in the community as users and consequences recipients of these technologies application. The capture fisheries community is one of many communities that have also experienced the development of fishing technology. It cannot be denied that technological sophistication is driving the production of the fishing community. However, this increase is not necessarily followed by an increase in welfare for the community. This paper aims to examine technological developments and changes in social structure in the fishing community in Juwana, especially in Bendar Village and Bajomulyo Village, and identify their implications for community welfare. The research that underlies this paper is conducted using qualitative methods. The results showed that the development of technology brought changes in social structure in the fishing community. The economy and welfare of the community are getting better due to the efficiency of fishing with the latest technology. Solidarity that grows in the fishing communities in the two villages, is a key factor in preventing inter-class exploitation by maintaining the position of members of the upper stratification of fisher community from competition with upper strata outside the community, as well as providing a space for community members from the middle and lower strata to carry out social upward mobility.   Keywords: fisher, fishing technology, social structure, solidarity, social mobility.  

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