scholarly journals Improving mass balance of municipal solid waste through waste reduction by informal sectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Christia Meidiana ◽  
Sekito Tomoo ◽  
Devi Agustina ◽  
Aris Subagiyo
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

A study on the mass flow of municipal solid waste in a mediumsize-city was conducted to analyze the potential waste reduction through the informal sector. The city was opted since the local government targets to improve the informal sector’s role to reduce the waste, which is relatively reasonable to implement the informal sector involvement rather than high technology in waste management requiring high investment, which can be challenging for the local government. Waste Bank and scavengers are informal sectors mainly involved in waste reduction in the area of study. Their capacity to reduce domestic waste was evaluated using a mass balance method. The recovery factor of each waste type was also calculated to determine the average reduction rate. The result showed that scavengers and cleaning staff working in temporary waste disposal sites (TWDSs) could reduce the waste collected daily up to 70%, 61%, 48%, 50%, 3% for paper, plastic, glass, metal, and organic waste respectively. Calculation using mass balance showed that 17 TWDS reduce a total of 8% waste per year, while 13 waste banks reduce 2% waste per year. It indicated that waste reduction in the city was only 10%. The reduction rate is far below the target of the government, which is 20% by 2020. Therefore, the study proposes improving the mass balance by increasing the waste treatment capacity in TWDSs and waste banks. By adding the shredder and composting heaps in some TWDSs and the number of active members in waste banks, the waste reduction may increases from 10% to 24%.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DI SALATIGA: Praktik, dan tantangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Berliana Anggun Septiani ◽  
Dian Mita Arianie ◽  
Via Fide Aditya Andi Risman ◽  
Widhi Handayani ◽  
Istiarsi Saptuti Sri Kawuryan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
The Government

The increase of solid waste production is a general problem in municipality, particularly of plastic waste. The durability, light-weight, anticorrosiveness, and inexpensiveness properties of plastic make it favorable to be used in daily life, including in Salatiga. However, plastic is one of some non-biodegradable materials that could lead to soil and water pollution as it contains toxic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, and organochlorine. Various studies in municipal solid waste management have been conducted. While those studies often applied various approaches separately, researches in regard to the role of stakeholders in municipal solid waste management are very limited. This study aims to explain the plastic waste management in Salatiga based on the role of the corresponding stakeholders. This qualitative study shows that there are four stakeholders who were involved in municipal plastic waste management in Salatiga. They were the households who generate wastes, the scavengers who sorts the wastes, Bank Sampah and collectors who have the same role in order to collect the wastes and treat the plastic wastes through reusing or recycling processes, and the government. Currently, efforts in waste treatment in Salatiga are focused on the system of collecting-tranferring-disposal mode, waste treatment by reuse and recycle processing, and landfilling. Reducing plastic consumption must take into account the sociocultural aspect and environmental awareness, as the people still interested to use plastic instead of using other materials in substitution. Finally, the role of government is central to educate the community in term of sorting activities and reducing waste production, build the capacity of Bank Sampah, and manage the role of scavengers and collectors. Other alternatives include creating synergy between the collectors and Bank Sampah, as well as ensuring final treatment of the unprocessed wastes disposed by collectors and Bank Sampah. 

Solid Waste Management in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
pp. 466-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thang Trung Nguyen ◽  
Hanh Hoang Hong ◽  
Phuong Anh Thi Duong ◽  
Tu Ngoc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
National Level ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Future Improvement

This chapter will provide an overview of waste management in Vietnam, including drivers, the current waste management situation, impacts, an institutional framework, issues, and challenges. There have been improvements in the last 10 years. However, waste management in Vietnam continues to face issues and constraints related to inefficient waste reduction, a national level efforts to implement separation at the source, environmental pollution caused by informal sector recycling efforts, and 70% to 75% of municipal solid waste in landfills. These issues are caused by incomplete legislation, inadequate financial resources, weak enforcement and implementation efforts, and low stakeholder awareness. Based on the analysis, several recommendations are provided for future improvement.

scholarly journals Private and Government Partnership for Electricity from Waste Development: the Case of PT NOEI and SARBAGITA Governments in Bali

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Core UDAYANA ◽  
Satya Kumara
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
City Government ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Waste Disposal Site ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Municipal solid waste becomes a common problem faced by cities in the developing world including some districts and cities in Bali. Bali is a provincial administrative regionthat consists of eight districts and one city government. Based on population census in 2010, Bali was inhabited by 3.9 million people but more than 2.2 million or 57% isconcentrated in the southern part of the island distributed over four districts. The huge number of households in the south of Bali has presented challenges to the local governments in dealing with municipal solid waste. To keep all of the waste produced by the city, the government nominates an area in Suwung as a waste disposal site hence the name TPA Suwung.

GERAKAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG LABALUBA DESA KONTUMERE KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA TAHUN 1960-1980

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurwan Nurwan ◽  
Ali Hadara ◽  
La Batia
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, Faktor-faktor yang mendorong gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna dan akibat gerakan sosial masyarakat Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna? Latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba yaitu keadaan kampungnya yang hanya terdiri dari beberapa kepala keluarga tiap kampung dan jarak yang jauh masing-masing kampung membuat keadaan masyarakatnya sulit untuk berkomnikasi dan tiap kampung hanya terdiri dari lima sampai dengan tujuh kepala keluarga saja. Kampung ini letaknya paling timur pulau Muna terbentang dari ujung kota Raha sekarang sampai kampung Wakuru yang saat ini. Kondisi ini juga yang menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kampung ini kurang berkembang baik dibidang ekonomi, sosial politik, pendidikan maupun di bidang kebudayaan. Keadaan ini diperparah lagi dengan sifat dan karakter penduduknya yang masih sangat primitif. Faktor yang mendorong adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara keinginan pemerintah setempat dan masyarakat yang mendiami Kampung Labaluba pada waktu itu. Sedangkan proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna bermula ketika pemerintah seolah memaksakan kehendaknya kepada rakyat yang menyebabkan rakyat tidak setuju dengan kebijakan tersebut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna terbagi dua yaitu akibat positif dan akibat negatif.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial, Factor dan Dampaknya ABSTRACT: The main issues in this study include the background of the social movement of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, Factors that encourage social movements of Labaluba Kampung Sub-village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, the social movement process of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District Muna Regency and due to Labaluba community social movements Kontumere Village Kabawo District Muna Regency? The background of the Labaluba Kampung community social movement is that the condition of the village consists of only a few heads of households per village and the distance of each village makes it difficult for the community to communicate and each village only consists of five to seven households. This village is located east of the island of Muna stretching from the edge of the city of Raha now to the current village of Wakuru. This condition is also one of the factors causing the village to be less developed in the economic, social political, educational and cultural fields. This situation is made worse by the very primitive nature and character of the population. The factor that motivated the existence of the social movement of Labaluba Village in Kontumere Village, Kabawo Subdistrict, Muna Regency was the mismatch between the wishes of the local government and the people who inhabited Labaluba Village at that time. While the process of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency began when the government seemed to impose its will on the people, causing the people to disagree with the policy. The consequences arising from the existence of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency are divided into two, namely positive and negative effects. Keywords: Social Movements, Factors and their Impacts

scholarly journals Poland’s Proposal for a Safe Solution of Waste Treatment during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Circular Economy Connection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3939
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pikoń ◽  
Nikolina Poranek ◽  
Adrian Czajkowski ◽  
Beata Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Waste Streams

The purpose of the study presented in this text is to show the influence of COVID-19 on waste management systems and circular economy stream, and their impact on circular economy, particularly the economic impact of the pandemic on the waste management sector, impact on circular economy objectives’ implementation as well as additional challenges like the need for hygienization of waste streams during different implementation efforts, such as changes in the municipal solid waste market and different waste processes of their disposal. Additionally, some methods—such as thermal treatment—which seemed to be not fully aligned with the circular economy approach have advantages not taken into account before. Incineration of higher volume of waste affects the waste structure and will change some of the circular economy objectives. The analysis was carried out on the example of the Polish market.

scholarly journals Analysis on the MSW thermal degradation processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Degradation Processes

The waste to renewable energy source has become a priority in the wastes treatment field. The research goal is not only the wastes destruction but also a better thermal energy recovery from the processes. The municipal solid waste presents a high heterogeneity degree from the dimensional point of view, form and its components specific weight of as well as thermal-chemical characteristics. That’s why there are many treatment methods, each one with its own particularities. For a better understanding of the phenomenon during thermal degradation processes both under pyrolysis or atmospheric pressure gasification stages we first accomplished a laboratory scale series of experiments in a tubular reactor, on small quantities (5 – 10 grams) of reconstituted urban wastes. For the validation of the obtained data on more representative samples we extended the experiment to an original industrial scale pilot installation that enables the continuous thermal treatment of 10 – 50 waste kilograms per hour under oxidant or non-oxidant atmosphere (on choice) and at variable temperature between 400 °C – 1100 ºC. The residential time of the treated sample in the installation and the flow conditions can be set independently. The installation reproduces the incinerators or the pyrolysis / gasification reactor process conditions and provides complete information on the wastes thermal degradation kinetics and on the pollutant emissions. The particularity of the device consists in the product advancing piston – like flow system based on the bed vibration. The product particles in the bed have a translation movement without any layer shift. Therefore the particles distribution in a given product bed section is the same all along the installation from the feeding inlet to the extraction. That characteristic enables us to extrapolate and compare the laboratory results of the fixed bed treatment to the industrial pilot continuously treatment applied on the same product: reconstituted municipal solid waste, one of the most heterogynous solid wastes in mixture. The main targets were the sample mass reduction rate, the resulting gases composition, the samples mechanical behavior for different temperature levels, residential time, treatment atmosphere conditions and different steam flow rates (in the gasification process). The results were compared to an established reference – the incineration. The paper presents the research and results on the degradation mechanisms of MSW treated samples in those two equipments from the Science Division CNRS, Department of Industrial Methods, University of Technology Compiègne, France.

scholarly journals Potential And Characteristics Of Eichhornia Crassipes Biomass And Municipal Solid Waste As Raw Materials For RDF In Co-Firing Coal Power Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
S A C R Darmawan ◽  
A L Sihombing ◽  
D G Cendrawati
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Value Range ◽  
The Government

Abstract The government has regulated the use of RDF biomass for coal co-firing in power plants. This paper examines biomass (Eichhornia Crassipes and municipal solid waste) characteristics and its potential use as RDF for co-firing in CPP. The method includes the analysis of the composition, supply of raw materials, and biomass characteristics. These results will compare with the coal’s characteristics in CPP. The density of Eichhornia Crassipes in Lake Tondano was 25 kg/m2, with the wet mass of 45,350 tons. The results of the Eichhornia Crassipes sample test for parameters of moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, fix carbon and gross calorific value have a value range of 93%, 5.8-7.1%, 60.21-63.5%, 17.9-22%, 11.4% and 2681-3068 kcal/kg. Amurang CPP uses coal with 4200 kcal/kg calories as much as 1056 tons/day. The co-firing target of 5% requires 52.8 tons of biomass per day. The existing Eichhornia Crassipes biomass in Lake Tondano only supplies the CPP for 62 days. MSW typically has calorific values and moisture with Eichhornia Crassipes biomass, about 3766-4194 kcal/kg and 31.7-87.1%. The use of MSW to cover the lack of Eichhornia Crassipes will ensure the sustainability of the supply of biomass raw materials in the co-firing program at CPP.

scholarly journals Prediction of greenhouse gas emission from municipal solid waste for South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-469
Author(s):  
Kanchan Popli ◽  
Jeejae Lim ◽  
Hyeon Kyeong Kim ◽  
Young Min Kim ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Tuu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business As Usual

This study is proposing a System Dynamics Model for estimating Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission from treating Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in South Korea for years 2000 to 2030. The government of country decided to decrease the total GHG emission from waste sector in 2030 as per Business-as-usual level. In context, four scenarios are generated to predict GHG emission from treating the MSW with three processes i.e., landfill, incineration and recycling. For prior step, MSW generation rate is projected for present and future case using population and waste generation per capita data. It is found that population and total MSW are directly correlated. The total population will increase to 56.27 million and total MSW will be 21.59 million tons in 2030. The methods for estimating GHG emission from landfill, incineration and recycling are adopted from IPCC, 2006 guidelines. The study indicates that Scenario 2 is best to adopt for decreasing the total GHG emission in future where recycling waste is increased to 75% and landfill waste is decreased to 7.6%. Lastly, it is concluded that choosing proper method for treating the MSW in country can result into savings of GHG emission.

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