scholarly journals Economic assessment of flood damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 10055
Author(s):  
Tatyana Miroshnikova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Economic Criterion ◽  
Flood Resistance ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Flooding Duration ◽  
Flooding Depth

Flooding is a natural hazard. In this regard, the topic of floodprone area management is being actively explored. The study of this issue is a combination of two aspects - environmental and economic. The economic assessment of the consequences of flooding is a single cost model based on an economic criterion. Characteristics such as flooding depth, flooding duration and flooding rate have the greatest influence on the severity of subsequent damage. Standard damage tables are usually based on some damage versus flooding depth. Assuming that the conceptual basis for estimating damages is the same, the expected damages from flooding might be expected to vary between two countries if the flood characteristics are different and the damageability of properties varies between the two countries. The main factors identified by the authors in the course of the study, influencing the amount of damage from flooding, are: flood resistance group; existing physical wear and tear; flooding level. The damage is considered as a percentage of the decrease in the real value of the object. To improve the accuracy of determining flood damage, a multivariate regression analysis tool with the interdependence of influencing factors was selected. It should be noted that the most significant factor is the level (depth) of flooding. The factor of the flood resistance group, which depends on the capital group of the object, seems to be less significant. The least significant factor is the degree of physical deterioration of the object.

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Assessment of the Condition of Fixed Assets and the Criterion of the Validity of Recovery Investments

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Tatyana Ogorodnikova ◽  
Aleksei Solomein ◽  
Vladimir Orlov ◽  
Irina Shipunova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes the methodology for calculating depreciation and assessing the condition of fixed assets. The absence of conditionality of the period of use and depreciation allowance of fixed assets due to their physical wear and tear in specific production conditions is revealed. Thus, it is concluded that the theoretical estimates of the condition of fixed assets do not correspond to their actual physical wear and tear. The internal contradictions of the indicator of return on capital are investigated, its inconsistency with the essence of production is revealed. The absence of a criterion for the need for renovation investment is mentioned as one of the negative consequences of the existing methodological approaches to assessing the condition of fixed assets. In order to overcome the shortcomings and negative consequences of the methodology for assessing the condition of fixed assets, the relationship between the depreciation coefficient, the technical accelerator and the integral indicator of physical wear is revealed. To characterize the dependence of the volume of production and operating costs on the physical depreciation of fixed assets, a conversion factor is substantiated and introduced. Formal models of indicators of production and return on capital are presented. They reflect partial and generalizing coefficient of conversion of fixed assets as well as the interest rate and the level of inflation. The moment of zero efficiency of fixed assets is substantiated as a criterion of necessity and timeliness of renovation investments. In addition, the concept of the period of their effective use is introduced.

Flood Resistance of Tristaniopsis laurina and Acmena smithii From Riparian Warm Temperate Rain-Forest in Victoria

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Melick
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Temperate Rainforest ◽  
Flood Resistance ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Warm Temperate

The responses of seedlings of Tristaniopsis laurina and Acmena smithii, two important tree species in riparian warm temperate rainforest communities in Victoria, are investigated in relation to flood disturbances. Freshly germinated A. smithii seedlings had died within 5 weeks of complete waterlogging in the greenhouse, and although the young T. laurina seedlings survived waterlogging for 14 weeks, their growth rate was curtailed. Nine-month-old seedlings of both species were found to be relatively tolerant to waterlogging, forming aerenchymatous surface roots after 40 days of flooding. Neither species suffered leaf abscission or demonstrated any other signs of water stress commonly associated with flood intolerant species. In experiments to determine the resilience of these species to physical flood damage, both species also demonstrated a capacity to regenerate vegetatively following the removal of above ground parts in young seedlings. The heartwood of T. laurina was found to be more decay resistant than that of other species in the field including that of A. smithii. The significance of these results are discussed in relation to other factors examined in earlier papers adding to the understanding of the ecological status of these species within the riparian rainforest communities.

scholarly journals INCREASING MICROGRID ENERGY EFFICIENCY WITH DIESEL GENERATORS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Denysiuk ◽  
I. Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Economic Criterion ◽  
Diesel Generators ◽  
The Cost

It is shown that increasing the energy efficiency of Microgrid with diesel generators requires solving the problem of optimizing the modes of operation of Microgrid using as an optimization criterion for reducing the consumption of primary fuel diesel generators. To study the energy efficiency of such types of Microgrid as a criterion that has a direct impact on the amount of electricity generated, selected adequate accounting of primary fuel consumption when generating a given amount of electricity in the system. The article determines that one of the important indicators of diesel generator sets is their efficiency, which is determined by the ratio of energy produced to fuel consumption per hour of operation at rated load. It is shown that the reduction of fuel consumption allows to increase the efficiency of diesel generators, and different types of steady and transient modes of diesel generators significantly affect the efficiency of Microgrid in terms of technical and financial efficiency. To improve the technical and economic indicators in Microgrid with diesel generators, the article proposes to use the electric cost model of the power generation system, which allows to calculate both the dynamic change of generated power and the dynamic change of its cost and the cost of primary fuel. This model allows flexible nonlinear tracking of fuel consumption, which, taking into account the cost of diesel fuel, can serve as an economic criterion for determining the energy efficiency of the generating system. The article presents an algorithm for evaluating the financial and technical performance of Microgrid in dynamic modes over a period of technology, which not only evaluates the economic and energy efficiency of Microgrid with diesel generators, but can also be used to modify Smart meters, which can significantly expand their functionality.

scholarly journals Development of Resilience Index Based on Flooding Damage in Urban Areas

Water ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Lee ◽  
Joong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Damage Functions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
Flooding Depth

Flooding volume in urban areas is not linearly proportional to flooding damage because, in some areas, no flooding damage occurs until the flooding depth reaches a certain point, whereas flooding damage occurs in other areas whenever flooding occurs. Flooding damage is different from flooding volume because each subarea has different components. A resilience index for urban drainage systems was developed based on flooding damage. In this study, the resilience index based on flooding damage in urban areas was applied to the Sintaein basin in Jeongup, Korea. The target watershed was divided into five subareas according to the status of land use in each subarea. The damage functions between flooding volume and flooding damage were calculated by multi-dimensional flood damage analysis. The extent of flooding damage per minute was determined from the results of flooding volume per minute using damage functions. The values of the resilience index based on flooding damages were distributed from 0.797292 to 0.933741. The resilience index based on flooding damage suggested in this study can reflect changes in urban areas and can be used for the evaluation of flood control plans such as the installation, replacement, and rehabilitation of drainage facilities.

scholarly journals How to Choose a Hydrological Recovery Mode for Degraded Semiarid Wetland in China? A Case Study on Restoration of Phragmites australis Saline-Alkaline Wetland

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10103
Author(s):  
Shuling Yu ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Subang An ◽  
Yanli Yang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Occurrence Time ◽  
Photosynthetic Physiology ◽  
High K ◽  
Flooding Duration ◽  
Flooding Frequency ◽  
Flooding Depth ◽  
And Function

Hydrological recovery is the basis for restoring the structure and function of wetlands in semiarid and arid areas of China. Selecting an appropriate hydrological recovery mode may be helpful for improving the effectiveness of wetland restoration. We conducted pot experiments to study the effects of the flooding frequency, duration, depth, and occurrence time on the height, biomass, ion contents, and photosynthetic physiology of Phragmites australis in degraded saline–alkaline marsh in the West Songnen Plain, China. At the end of the growing season, we found that the biomass, photosynthetic parameters, and water use efficiency (WUE) of the leaves increased, whereas the Na+ concentration decreased, and the K+ content remained unchanged under an increased flooding frequency treatment. As the flooding depth increased, the plant height increased, but there were no differences in the photosynthetic parameters, biomass, and WUE under flooding at 5 cm and 10 cm. Under different flooding duration treatments, the plant height and biomass were greater, but the photosynthetic parameters and Na+ and K+ contents were lower under a flooding duration of three months. The flooding occurrence time had little effect on the growth of P. australis. Our results indicate that the flooding frequency and duration had greater effects than the flooding depth and occurrence time in the hydrological recovery model for P. australis restoration. The biomass accumulated by P. australis was related to lower Na+ contents and the maintenance of a high K+/Na+ contents, and WUE increased by adjusting photosynthesis under a moderate flooding frequency and duration. These results have important implications for the restoration of degraded semiarid wetlands with man-made channel systems in conditions with limited freshwater resources.

The NASA analogy software cost model: A web-based cost analysis tool

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairus Hihn ◽  
Michael Saing ◽  
Elinor Huntington ◽  
James Johnson ◽  
Tim Menzies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
Web Based

scholarly journals Technological and Economic Assessment of Power Generating System with Woody Biomass in Terms of Constructing Cost Model and Technological Scenario

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 284-299
Author(s):  
Kenji KAIBE ◽  
Martin KELLER ◽  
Masafumi INOUE ◽  
Koichi YAMADA ◽  
Junichiro OTOMO
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Generating System

scholarly journals Economic assessment of measures aimed at reducing flood damage to buildings using computer modelling and expert judgement

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Richert ◽  
Hélène Boisgontier ◽  
Frédéric Grelot
Keyword(s):  
Return Period ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Expert Judgement ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cost Efficient

Abstract. To limit the losses due to floods, public authorities can try to foster the adoption of private measures aimed at reducing the vulnerability of the dwellings. However, the efficacy and cost-efficiency to reduce material losses of such measures are not well-known. In particular, a better understanding of the influence of buildings characteristics and flood parameters on these variables would help identify the measures that are relevant to implement in specific contexts. We examined this topic for three groups of measures taken on existing dwellings: one consists in elevating the dwelling, one in dry-proofing it, and one in using construction materials that are resistant to water or cheap to replace. We combined expert judgement and computer modelling to assess their cost, efficacy, and cost-efficiency for a wide range of flood depth and duration, building characteristics, and level of exposure. We found that the value of the building components has a positive effect on the efficacy of dry-proofing and elevating a dwelling. Both the efficacy and cost of these two groups of measures increase with the size of the dwelling. Moreover, according to our results, dry-proofing and elevating a dwelling are unlikely to be cost-efficient for dwellings that are not exposed to floods with a return period lower than 100 and 30 years, respectively. Our findings also highlight that it is often less expensive to use the adapted than the original materials when rebuilding a damaged dwelling. Moreover, adapting the materials of an intact dwelling is unlikely to be cost-efficient for dwellings that are not exposed to floods with a return period lower than 20 years.

scholarly journals Development of Cost Estimation Model of the Membrane System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5C) ◽  
pp. 645-653
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Cost Estimation Model

Apart from product quality, the manufacturing cost is an important element to compete in the competitive industry. Detail economic assessment is important to estimate the product cost accurately and avoid overestimating or underestimating that give bad impact to the firm. Membrane system; a compact, sustainable and cheaper wastewater treatment system compared to the traditional system. Yet, there is limited study analysing the economic aspect of the membrane system due to the limited historical data, a complicated process involved and deal with tangible overhead costs. Thus, this study aims to develop a cost model to estimate the total cost of the membrane system during its lifespan. Activity-based costing (ABC) method is used as cost estimation technique to calculating the overhead cost and added the direct costs to determine the life-cycle cost (LCC) of the membrane system by using Microsoft Excel while Microsoft Visual Basic is used to demonstrate a user-friendly cost estimation model. The proposed cost model is a simpler system because the end user is guided to get the LCC value without has to deal with a complicated equation. The proposed model cost is tested to estimating the LCC of HFMM in treating wastewater from the prototype stage until the disposal stage.

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