scholarly journals Amaranth bran powder is a promising raw material for the confectionery industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Svetlana Khasanova ◽  
Zinaida Skobelskaya
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Selection Of

The research is devoted to the creation of a new raw material - a product of processing amaranth seeds of the species Amaranthus L. (variety “Krepysh”, selection of FNTSO). Developed amaranth bran powder, which is a waste product in the production of oil from seeds. The bran contains 19.6% proteins, including water-soluble ones; 17.9% dietary fiber; 46.9% highly dextrinated starch; 1.01% of macro- and microelements, including deficient selenium. The selenium content in the studied batches of amaranth bran is 0.053 mg% per 100 g of dry weight, which allows us to meet the average daily human need for selenium by 70%. The new technology includes infrared processing, bran cooling and fine grinding. Infrared processing allows targeted action on protein and carbohydrate complexes, increasing the biological value of amaranth bran powder, imparting increased moisture absorption properties to the product, and maintaining high quality indicators. Amaranth bran powder was stored at a temperature of 18 ± 2⁰С, relative air humidity 75 ± 1⁰С, in the presence of photocatalytic air purifiers “Tiokraft M-400”. A new product - amaranth bran powder is recommended for use in the production of sugar and flour confectionery products

scholarly journals Efektywność produkcji FAME na podstawie wymagań normy ISO 14045:2012

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Michał Pajda ◽  
◽  
Wojciech Mazela ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the work was to present the issue of eco-efficiency, based on the PN-EN ISO 14045:2012 standard in relation to the production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The ecoefficiency analysis takes into account economic and environmental aspects in the improvement of products and processes / technologies. Eco-efficiency considers the product and technology throughout the life cycle, from the construction phase, through use to decommissioning. The impact on the natural environment is assessed on the basis of: consumption of energy, materials, dust and gas emissions, waste and sewage. Total costs include: production costs, raw material costs, costs during the use phase including maintenance, repair and operating costs, product disposal or recycling. The eco-efficiency analysis is helpful in making decisions regarding the selection of a new product or designing a new technology, and enables the selection of the variant that is the most economical and has the least possible impact on the natural environment. These issues are particularly important in the case of biofuels. The rapid growth of their production and the European Union’s policy, which aims to increase the share of energy from renewable sources, cause concerns of many experts regarding the threats related to the production of biofuels, both for the environment and food security. In particular, efforts are made to minimize the amount of waste and residues by implementing the idea of a circular economy. This approach promotes the development of new technologies that are more environmentally friendly. Due to the regulations set out in the RED and RED II Directives, there is a chance that the biofuels will have a less negative impact on the environment. This results from the obligation to certify compliance with the sustainability criteria, which is carried out by voluntary systems recognized by the European Commission, such as the KZR INiG System.

scholarly journals Biomass and Sugar Content of Some Varieties of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) on Dry Land Forest as Feedstock Bioethanol

2018 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 01035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani ◽  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Luluk Sulistiyo Budi ◽  
Anggi Nindita ◽  
Peeyush Soni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Selection Of

The possibility of sustainable use of sorghum as raw material for bioethanol needs to be supported by evaluation and selection of sorghum varieties for high biomass production and sugar content. An experiment was conducted on forest dry land , altitude 63 m asl. This research aimed to determine the interaction of sorghum varieties and mycorrhiza on biomass production and the high sugar content. The experiment was a two factor (varieties and dosage of mycorrhiza plus) in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The varieties were Suri 3, Kawali, Super 2, Suri 4. Dosage of mycorrhiza plus (5, 10, 15) g per plant. The interaction only significant on a number of internodes and bagasse. There are no effects of dosages mycorrhiza plus, however, varieties of sorghum have significant effects on many variables measured. The highest amount of biomass include the stem height (301.28 cm), stem Dry Weight (DW) is 23.48 t ha-1, leaf DW (4.65 t ha-1), panicle DW (11.35 t ha-1) and biomass DW (39.98 t ha-1) were obtained in varieties Super 2. Sugar content (16.93 %) was obtained in varieties Suri 3 and juice production (2 742.86 L ha-1) in varieties Suri 4.

scholarly journals Fertilizer and Cultivar Selection of Lettuce, Basil, and Swiss Chard for Hydroponic Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardeep Singh ◽  
Bruce Dunn ◽  
Mark Payton ◽  
Lynn Brandenberger
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optimum Production ◽  
Selection Of

Nutrient-film technique (NFT) trials were conducted to quantify the effect of two different water-soluble hydroponic fertilizers (5N–4.8P–21.6K and 5N–5.2P–21.6K) on different cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), basil (Ocimum basilicum), and swiss chard (Beta vulgaris). Results indicated swiss chard yield was affected only by cultivars, with Fordhook Giant producing the greatest fresh weight across fertilizer treatments. For lettuce production, interaction between fertilizers and cultivars was significant. ‘Mirlo’ and ‘Rubysky’ had greater growth compared with other cultivars in both fertilizers, whereas Dragoon performed well using 5N–4.8P–21.6K, but not 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For basil, dry weight production showed a significant interaction between fertilizers and cultivars. ‘Largeleaf’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–4.8P–21.6K, whereas ‘Lemon’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For nutrient concentration of leaves, the concentrations were within the recommended range for lettuce when fertilized with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. Nutrient concentrations varied by nutrient from the recommended range for basil, but there was no significant difference between fertilizers. For swiss chard, the nutrient concentrations were in the recommended range and there was no difference between fertilizers. Therefore, growers may need to use more than one type of fertilizer for different lettuce and basil cultivars for optimum production, whereas swiss chard cultivars can be selected based on yield regardless of fertilizer.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Chemical Changes in Red Lentil Seeds during The Germination Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildikó Szedljak ◽  
Anikó Kovács ◽  
Gabriella Kun-Farkas ◽  
Botond Bernhardt ◽  
Szabina Králik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Germination Process

Abstract Red lentils are a very important raw material in the food industry due to their high protein content and high level of health-promoting components. The nutritive value of red lentils is the most important attribute from a research point of view; it can be increased by germination, soaking as well as physical and biochemical processes. The antinutritive materials are reduced or denatured by the germination process and indigestible components become available to the human body. Heat treatment was applied to achieve different temperatures and increase the microbiological stability of germinating samples. The effect of heat treatment on the amounts of certain components and the activity of oxidative enzymes was tested during our experiments; the nutritional characteristics (water-soluble total polyphenol content (WSTPC), water-soluble protein content (WSPC), water-soluble antioxidant capacity, in addition to peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities) of different treatments in red lentil samples were monitored. The WSTPC in our samples ranged from 0.726 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent GAE/g DW (DW being dry weight) to 1.089 mg GAE/g DW, and the WSPC varied from 19.078 g / 100g DW to 29.692 g / 100 g DW. Results showed that germination led to an increase in the WSTPC and WSPC. The peroxidase enzyme activity also exhibited an increase during germination which could result in deepening of the colour of the finished products. Germination resulted in the water-soluble antioxidant capacity of red lentil samples decreasing.

scholarly journals Determination of the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of seeds from three commercial varieties of culinary dates

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Mistrello ◽  
Sameera Dewundara Sirisena ◽  
Abdollah Ghavami ◽  
Richard James Marshall ◽  
Suresh Krishnamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
The Uk

Date seeds are a major waste product of the date industry that could offer potentially valuable material for the production of useful food ingredients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the seeds of three date varieties of the UK market (Deglet Nour, Khouat Allig, and Zahidi) for their proximate composition, total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC) contents and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with a view to their eventual industrial application. Carbohydrates were present in the highest concentrations varying between 74.13 and 76.54 g 100 g-1 of date seed powder (DSP) on dry weight (DW) basis, followed in descending order by fats (7.64-8.84 g 100 g-1) and proteins (4.35-5.51 g 100 g-1). Potassium was found in high amounts with values ranging between 280.55 and 293.13 mg 100 g-1. The majority of the total phenolic content (2058-2984 mg GAE 100 g-1) was assumed to be composed of flavonoids (1271-1932 mg CAE 100 g-1). These families of dietary phenolics may be the major ones responsible for the high antioxidant capacity reported in date seeds, which varied from 12540 and 27699 µmol TE 100 g-1. These results suggest that date seeds can be considered a potential raw material for natural, active ingredients for food applications as well as an unexplored source of novel nutraceuticals and dietary supplements.

scholarly journals THE EXTRACTION OF BROWN ALGAE (Sargassum sp) THROUGH CALCIUM PATH TO PRODUCE SODIUM ALGINATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Octovianus S. R. Pasanda ◽  
Abdul Azis
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Linear Chain ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Brown algae is a source of sodium alginat raw material. One type of brown algae that is found to grow in Indonesian waters is Sargassum echinocarphum. Brown algae including one type of seaweed that grows in many waters of Indonesia, especially the waters of Eastern Indonesia. Alginat is a pure polysaccharide of uronic acid contained in a brown algae cell wall arranged in the form of long linear chain alginic acids with levels reaching 40% of the total dry weight. The alginat form in general is sodium alginat, a water soluble alginat salt. The purpose of this research is to know the quality of alginat include alginat rendamen, water content, ash content, and viscosity. Conventional extraction methods from brown algae into sodium alginat produces the highest yield percentage of 32.42%, resulting from the extraction for 7 hours at 60 C. The lowest average yield percentage resulted in 5 hours extraction process of 2.78%, the average water content of 20.37 - 23.30%, the mean ash content of 22.28 - 34.87%, and the viscosity ranged between 18, 0 - 19.8 Cp.

The Measurement of Water Absorption by Rubber

1933 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
H. A. Daynes
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Rate Of Absorption ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The absorption of water by rubber has occupied a prominent place in recent literature, especially in connection with cable and other insulating materials, since it is well known that their electrical properties are adversely affected by absorbed moisture. Many other classes of rubber goods and materials also are subject to water absorption, e. g., rubber soling, tires, washers, packings, hose, tank and grinding mill linings, hot-water bottles, and surgical goods. Apart from the performance, of such articles in service, moisture absorption is important in relation to factory operations, such as drying and vulcanizing, and to storage and mechanical testing. This paper deals with the selection of a method for measuring the amount of water absorbed by rubber when saturation has been reached. In the work for which the method was developed, the rate of absorption was of no interest; but it was necessary to correlate the water absorbed by the vulcanized product with that absorbed by the raw material, so that a method was required which could be applied equally well to raw rubber, vulcanized rubber, and ebonite. It is not proposed to discuss in detail the mechanism of absorption. The literature has already been briefly reviewed by Lowry and Kohman (J. Phys. Chem., 31, 23 (1927)), who have been largely responsible for present ideas on the subject. It will be sufficient to recall that the process is a reversible one, and that the amount absorbed at any temperature depends on the humidity of the surrounding gas and the nature of the rubber.

scholarly journals Determination of the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of seeds from three commercial varieties of culinary dates

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Mistrello ◽  
Sameera Dewundara Sirisena ◽  
Abdollah Ghavami ◽  
Richard James Marshall ◽  
Suresh Krishnamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
The Uk

Date seeds are a major waste product of the date industry that could offer potentially valuable material for the production of useful food ingredients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the seeds of three date varieties of the UK market (Deglet Nour, Khouat Allig, and Zahidi) for their proximate composition, total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC) contents and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with a view to their eventual industrial application. Carbohydrates were present in the highest concentrations varying between 74.13 and 76.54 g 100 g-1 of date seed powder (DSP) on dry weight (DW) basis, followed in descending order by fats (7.64-8.84 g 100 g-1) and proteins (4.35-5.51 g 100 g-1). Potassium was found in high amounts with values ranging between 280.55 and 293.13 mg 100 g-1. The majority of the total phenolic content (2058-2984 mg GAE 100 g-1) was assumed to be composed of flavonoids (1271-1932 mg CAE 100 g-1). These families of dietary phenolics may be the major ones responsible for the high antioxidant capacity reported in date seeds, which varied from 12540 and 27699 µmol TE 100 g-1. These results suggest that date seeds can be considered a potential raw material for natural, active ingredients for food applications as well as an unexplored source of novel nutraceuticals and dietary supplements.

scholarly journals Formulation and Quality Assessment of Diabetic Jelly Marmalade 'Karkade' Fortified with Succinic Acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр Табаторович ◽  
Alexander Tabatorovich ◽  
Ирина Резниченко ◽  
Irina Reznichenko
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Plastic Strength ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Physiologically Active Substances

Complex diet therapy for type II diabetes involves confectionery products based on fructose, sugar substitutes, and/or intensive sweeteners. The formulation of diabetic jelly marmalade ‘Karkade’ does not contain sugar or molasses. Sweetness was provided by the combination of sorbitol (E420) and glycosyl stevioside ‘Crystal’. Their sweetness to sucrose ratio was 0.6 and 150, respectively. Polydextrose was used as a filler. Polydextrose is a low-calorie prebiotic (1 kcal/g) and a water-soluble dietary fiber with a neutral taste. Water infusion of dry bracts of hibiscus (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.), or Karkade, gave the marmalade its color and physiologically active substances. Fortification was provided by succinic acid, which was chosen as an acidity regulator since it increases cell insulin resistance and reduces the risk of diabetic complications. For maximum extraction of anthocyanins, the raw material was infused for 30 minutes at a ratio of 1:10 at 80°C. Citric acid (1.2 g/100 g) was added into the infusion to stabilize the anthocyanins. The research involved standard methods. The method of pH-differential spectrophotometry was used to determine the level of anthocyanins, while the method of gas-liquid chromatography was employed to determine organic acids in the marmalade. The optimal ratio of agar, stevioside, and hibiscus infusion (%) was defined as 16.0:0.4:15.0. No preservative was used. The marmalade contained 380 g/kg of sorbitol and 2 g/kg of succinic acid. The sensory properties of the marmalade corresponded with the State Standard. The marmalade had a slightly astringent sweet and sour taste, a burgundy color, and a jelly-like consistency with no syneresis. The average value of physical and chemical parameters at the time of manufacture was as follows: moisture – 18.7%, total acidity – 12.4 degrees, plastic strength – 22.0 kPa. The average content of micronutrients (mg/100 g) was as follows: anthocyanins – 38.8, potassium – 33.1, calcium – 11.3, magnesium – 5.1, manganese – 0.48, iron – 0.35, zinc – 0.0015, and succinic acid – 214.0. No loss of succinic acid was registered during processing and 3 months of storage. The content of succinic acid in 50 g marmalade was amounted to about 100g, or 50% of the acceptable daily intake. Thus, marmalade 'Karkade' with succinic acid can be considered a functional fortified product for diabetic diet.

Solid Dispersions: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumant Saini ◽  
Yashwant .
Keyword(s):  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Technology Transfers ◽  
Molecular Arrangement ◽  
Water Soluble Drugs ◽  
Carrier Solvent ◽  
Preparation Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Solid dispersions are one of the most promising strategies to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs. By reducing drug particle size to the absolute minimum, and hence improving drug wettability, bioavailability may be significantly improved. This article reviews the various preparation techniques for solid dispersion and compiles some of the recent technology transfers. The different types of solid dispersions based on the molecular arrangement have been highlighted. Some of the practical aspects to be considered for the preparation of solid dispersions, such as selection of carrier, solvent and methods of physicochemical characterization, along with an insight into the molecular arrangement of drugs in solid dispersions are also discussed. In this review, it is intended to discuss the recent advances related on the area of solid dispersions.

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