scholarly journals Study on quinolone accumulation and growth inhibition induced by quinolone levels of hydroponics

2021 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Wang ◽  
Yaojun Wang ◽  
Jiangwen Nian ◽  
Yongbo Sun ◽  
Yonghui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Hydroponic Experiment ◽  
Quinolone Antibiotics ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
Food Safety Risk ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Soil And Water

Residual antibiotics can enter soil and water bodies through organic fertilizers with food safety risk via plants absorption, while how do plant growth and quinolone accumulation respond to residual antibiotics levels in soil or water is not clear. Hydroponic experiment in greenhouse was conducted with floating seedlings of tobacco as model plant to investigate the responses of quinolone antibiotics accumulation and plant growth to different levels of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR). Results showed that CIP and NOR inhibited the growth of tobacco seedlings. The plant height, stem circumference, maximum leaf width, and maximum leaf area of tobacco seedlings were significantly decreased. So as to the plant biomass of leaves, stems, and roots. Accumulation of CIP in the tobacco seedlings in the T3 was 1.1 times that of the tobacco seedlings in the T1, NOR in the T4 was 1.2 times that of the tobacco seedlings in the T1. And the higher the concentration, the more significant the inhibitory effect. Both antibiotics can be absorbed and accumulated by tobacco seedlings. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of CIP was greater than that of NOR.

scholarly journals Mechanism of Broccoli-Mediated Verticillium Wilt Reduction in Cauliflower

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Shetty ◽  
K. V. Subbarao ◽  
O. C. Huisman ◽  
J. C. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Root Cortex ◽  
Different Levels

Broccoli is resistant to Verticillium dahliae infection and does not express wilt symptoms. Incorporation of broccoli residues reduces soil populations of V. dahliae. The effects of broccoli residue were tested on the colonization of roots by V. dahliae, plant growth response, and disease incidence of both broccoli and cauliflower in soils with different levels of V. dahliae inoculum and with or without fresh broccoli residue amendments. The three soils included a low-Verticillium soil, a high-Verticillium soil, and a broccoli-rotation soil (soil from a field after two broccoli crops) with an average of 13, 38, and below-detectable levels of microsclerotia per g of soil, respectively. Cauliflower plants in broccoli-amended high-Verticillium soil had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower wilt incidence and severity than did plants in unamended soil. An immunohistochemical staining assay utilizing a monoclonal antibody specific to V. dahliae was used to determine colonization of the root cortex. Despite the absence of wilt symptoms, broccoli roots were colonized by V. dahliae. In high-Verticillium soil, the broccoli residue amendment caused a marked reduction in colonization rate of V. dahliae per unit of inoculum on both cauliflower and broccoli roots. In addition to its detrimental effects on the viability of microsclerotia in soil, broccoli residue may also have an inhibitory effect on the root-colonizing potential of surviving microsclerotia.

scholarly journals Metal Accumulation Profile of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don and Celosia argentea L. with EDTA Co-Application

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
Muneeba Qurban ◽  
Cyrus Raza Mirza ◽  
Aqib Hassan Ali Khan ◽  
Walid Khalifa ◽  
Mustapha Boukendakdji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
Celosia Argentea

The problem of metal-induced toxicity is proliferating with an increase in industrialization and urbanization. The buildup of metals results in severe environmental deterioration and harmful impacts on plant growth. In this study, we investigated the potential of two ornamental plants, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don and Celosia argentea L., to tolerate and accumulate Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Cu. These ornamental plants were grown in Hoagland’s nutrient solution containing metal loads (50 µM and 100 µM) alone and in combination with a synthetic chelator, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (2.5 mM). Plant growth and metal tolerance varied in both plant species for Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Cu. C. roseus growth was better in treatments without EDTA, particularly in Ni, Cr, and Pb treatments, and Pb content increased in all parts of the plant. In contrast, Cd content decreased with EDTA addition. In C. argentea, the addition of EDTA resulted in improved plant biomass at both doses of Cu. In contrast, plant biomass reduced significantly in the case of Ni. In C. argentea, without EDTA, root length in Cd and Cu treatments was significantly lower than the control and other treatments. However, the addition of EDTA resulted in improved growth at both doses for Pb and Cu. Metal accumulation in C. argentea enhanced significantly with EDTA addition at both doses of Cu and Cd. Hence, it can be concluded that EDTA addition resulted in improved growth and better metal uptake than treatments without EDTA. Metal accumulation increased with EDTA addition compared to treatments without EDTA, particularly for Pb in C. roseus and Cu and Cd in C. argentea. Based on the present results, C. roseus showed a better ability to phytostabilize Cu, Cd, and Ni, while C. argentea worked better for Ni, Cd, Cu, and Pb.

scholarly journals Brassinolide Enhances the Level of Brassinosteroids, Protein, Pigments, and Monosaccharides in Wolffia arrhiza Treated with Brassinazole

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Magdalena Chmur ◽  
Andrzej Bajguz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Synthetic Inhibitor ◽  
Wolffia Arrhiza ◽  
First Time

Brassinolide (BL) represents brassinosteroids (BRs)—a group of phytohormones that are essential for plant growth and development. Brassinazole (Brz) is as a synthetic inhibitor of BRs’ biosynthesis. In the present study, the responses of Wolffia arrhiza to the treatment with BL, Brz, and the combination of BL with Brz were analyzed. The analysis of BRs and Brz was performed using LC-MS/MS. The photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls, carotenes, and xanthophylls) levels were determined using HPLC, but protein and monosaccharides level using spectrophotometric methods. The obtained results indicated that BL and Brz influence W. arrhiza cultures in a concentration-dependent manner. The most stimulatory effects on the growth, level of BRs (BL, 24-epibrassinolide, 28-homobrassinolide, 28-norbrassinolide, catasterone, castasterone, 24-epicastasterone, typhasterol, and 6-deoxytyphasterol), and the content of pigments, protein, and monosaccharides, were observed in plants treated with 0.1 µM BL. Whereas the application of 1 µM and 10 µM Brz caused a significant decrease in duckweed weight and level of targeted compounds. Application of BL caused the mitigation of the Brz inhibitory effect and enhanced the BR level in duckweed treated with Brz. The level of BRs was reported for the first time in duckweed treated with BL and/or Brz.

Can repeated soil amendment with biogas digestates increase soil suppressiveness toward non-specific soil-borne pathogens in agricultural lands?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
L. M. Manici ◽  
F. Caputo ◽  
G. A. Cappelli ◽  
E. Ceotto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Biomass Production

Abstract Soil suppressiveness which is the natural ability of soil to support optimal plant growth and health is the resultant of multiple soil microbial components; which implies many difficulties when estimating this soil condition. Microbial benefits for plant health from repeated digestate applications were assessed in three experimental sites surrounding anaerobic biogas plants in an intensively cultivated area of northern Italy. A 2-yr trial was performed in 2017 and 2018 by performing an in-pot plant growth assay, using soil samples taken from two fields for each experimental site, of which one had been repeatedly amended with anaerobic biogas digestate and the other had not. These fields were similar in management and crop sequences (maize was the recurrent crop) for the last 10 yr. Plant growth response in the bioassay was expressed as plant biomass production, root colonization frequency by soil-borne fungi were estimated to evaluate the impact of soil-borne pathogens on plant growth, abundance of Pseudomonas and actinomycetes populations in rhizosphere were estimated as beneficial soil microbial indicators. Repeated soil amendment with digestate increased significantly soil capacity to support plant biomass production as compared to unamended control in both the years. Findings supported evidence that this increase was principally attributable to a higher natural ability of digestate-amended soils to reduce root infection by saprophytic soil-borne pathogens whose inoculum was increased by the recurrent maize cultivation. Pseudomonas and actinomycetes were always more abundant in digestate-amended soils suggesting that both these large bacterial groups were involved in the increase of their natural capacity to control soil-borne pathogens (soil suppressiveness).

scholarly journals A Meta-Analytical Approach on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Efficiency on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Murugesan Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts of higher plants which increase the growth and nutrient uptake of host plants. The primary objective was initiated based on analyzing the enormity of optimal effects upon AMF inoculation in a comparative bias between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants stipulated on plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Consequently, in accomplishing the above-mentioned objective a vast literature was collected, analyzed, and evaluated to establish a weighted meta-analysis irrespective of AMF species, plant species, family and functional group, and experimental conditions in the context of beneficial effects of AMF. I found a significant increase in the shoot, root, and total biomass by 36.3%, 28.5%, and, 29.7%, respectively. Moreover, mycorrhizal plants significantly increased phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium uptake by 36.3%, 22.1%, and 18.5%, respectively. Affirmatively upon cross-verification studies, plant growth parameters intensification was accredited to AMF (Rhizophagus fasciculatus followed by Funniliforme mosseae), plants (Triticum aestivum followed by Solanum lycopersicum), and plant functional groups (dicot, herbs, and perennial) were the additional vital important significant predictor variables of plant growth responses. Therefore, the meta-analysis concluded that the emancipated prominent root characteristics, increased morphological traits that eventually help the host plants for efficient phosphorus uptake, thereby enhancing plant biomass. The present analysis can be rationalized for any plant stress and assessment of any microbial agent that contributes to plant growth promotion.

Acrolein Reduces Biomass and Seed Production of Potamogeton pectinatus in Irrigation Channels

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego J. Bentivegna ◽  
Osvaldo A. Fernández ◽  
María A. Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Potamogeton Pectinatus ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Irrigation Channels

Chemical weed control with acrolein has been shown to be a lower cost method for reducing submerged plant biomass of sago pondweed in the irrigation district of the Lower Valley of Rio Colorado, Argentina (39°10′S–62°05′W). However, no experimental data exist on the effects of the herbicide on plant growth and its survival structures. Field experiments were conducted during 3 yr to evaluate the effect of acrolein on growth and biomass of sago pondweed and on the source of underground propagules (i.e., rhizomes, tubers, and seeds). Plant biomass samples were collected in irrigation channels before and after several herbicide treatments. The underground propagule bank was evaluated at the end of the third year. Within each treatment, plant biomass was significantly reduced by 40 to 60% in all three study years. Rapid new plant growth occurred after each application; however, it was less vigorous after repeated treatments. At the end of the third year at 3,000 m downstream from the application point, plant biomass at both channels ranged from 34 to 3% of control values. Individual plant weight and height were affected by acrolein treatments, flowering was poor, and seeds did not reach maturity. After 3 yr, acrolein did not reduce the number of tubers. However, they were significantly smaller and lighter. Rhizomes fresh weight decreased by 92%, and seed numbers decreased by 79%. After 3 yr of applications, operational functioning of the channels could be maintained with fewer treatments and lower concentrations of acrolein.

Moderate Boron Concentration Beneficial for Flue-cured Tobacco Seedlings Growth and Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxia Li ◽  
Xiaopeng Deng ◽  
Ke Ren ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Hydroponic Experiment ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings

Abstract Boron (B) is a micronutrient tobacco needs in minute amounts, and Boron insufficient supply can causes significant tobacco yield loss, however, the appropriate concentration for flue-cured tobacco seedlings to growth remains unknown. In this sense, a hydroponic experiment was conduct to measure the agronomic traits, dry matter mass, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzymes, boron ion and nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco seedlings K326 under different boron concentrations of 0.000mmol/L (B1, CK), 0.125mmol/L (B2), 0.250mmol/L (B3), 0.750mmol/L (B4), 5.000mmol/L (B5), 10.000mmol/L (B6), 20.000mmol/L (B7), 40.000mmol/L (B8) after 30 days. B significantly influenced flue-tobacco seedlings growth on agronomic traits, photosynthetic performance, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, boron ion and nicotine content aspects. B linearly enhanced the accumulation of boron ion by 24.00%~96.44%, and decreased nicotine content by 21.60%~82.03% in tobacco seedlings. Solution B concentration at 0.750 and 5.000mmol/L markedly improved tobacco seedlings maximum leaf length by 4.83%~82.03% and leaf width by 0.77%~24.36%, root weight by 13.64%~56.82%, stem weight by 12.26%~52.36%, leaf weight by 9.68%~36.56%, dry matter mass by 10.65%~38.92%, the Pn parameter by 1.22%~80.28%, the Cond paramete by 33.40%~75.86%, while decreased the activities of SOD by 10.44%~91.67%, POD by 21.32%~65.62% and CAT by 50.05%~96.44%, and MDA by 16.23%~75.16%. The B concentration concluded in this study enhanced the agronomy traits, photosynthetic and biochemical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco seedlings, which lays a scientific theoretical foundation for rational application of B in tobacco production and improve the internal quality of flue-cured tobacco.

scholarly journals Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik dan Organik di Tanah Inceptisol

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Baharuddin AB ◽  
R Sri Tejo Wulan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

The use of inorganic fertilizers has an important role in increasing plant growth and production. But it also causes various problems such as decreasing soil organic matter, soil acidity, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it needs to be balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of various doses of inorganic and organic fertilizers on N, P, K nutrient uptake and maize plant growth. The experimental design used was a randomized block design arranged in a factorial manner consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A): 0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 phonska and the second factor is organic fertilizer plus (P): 0, 10, 20 tons ha-1. The two factors were combined and each treatment combination was repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P and K. However, the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all tested agronomic traits except for plant height. Nutrient uptake of N, P and K also increased significantly due to the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The balance of inorganic and organic fertilizer application increases the availability of nutrients as well as the uptake of N, P, and K nutrients by maize plants.

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