scholarly journals Methods of engineering geophysics in the control of the reclamation state of agricultural land

2021 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 00013
Author(s):  
Abdul-Gapur Kerimov ◽  
Anna Saltanova ◽  
Levon Mkrtchyan ◽  
Olga Zelivyanskaya ◽  
Elizaveta Kerimova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Saline Wetlands ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Operational Information ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Engineering Geophysics

The article provides information about the possibility of monitoring the reclamation situation of agricultural land by studying the soil-lithological profile by means of electrometric methods. The essence of the applied resistance method is the study of the soil layer using constant or variable electric fields. For engineering geophysical works in sand-clay sections typical of the Stavropol Territory, various variants of research technologies are presented. The conducted studies have shown the effectiveness of the electrometric method of vertical electrical sounding, which allows, based on surface observations with a minimum amount of control drilling and analytical work, to obtain operational information about changes in the area and depth of such an important parameter for assessing the reclamation state of soils as their specific electrical resistance, depending on humidity and salinity. The VEZ method, in addition to the available information about waterlogged and saline wetlands observed on the earth’s surface by traditional methods, allows us to obtain information about hidden unfavorable zones: about changes in their configuration in area and depth.

scholarly journals A Review of Basic Energy Reconstruction Techniques in Liquid Xenon and Argon Detectors for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics Using NEST

Instruments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Matthew Szydagis ◽  
Grant A. Block ◽  
Collin Farquhar ◽  
Alexander J. Flesher ◽  
Ekaterina S. Kozlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Neutrino Physics ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Profile Likelihood ◽  
Liquid Argon ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Liquid Xenon ◽  
Nuclear Recoils ◽  
Available Information

Detectors based upon the noble elements, especially liquid xenon as well as liquid argon, as both single- and dual-phase types, require reconstruction of the energies of interacting particles, both in the field of direct detection of dark matter (weakly interacting massive particles WIMPs, axions, etc.) and in neutrino physics. Experimentalists, as well as theorists who reanalyze/reinterpret experimental data, have used a few different techniques over the past few decades. In this paper, we review techniques based on solely the primary scintillation channel, the ionization or secondary channel available at non-zero drift electric fields, and combined techniques that include a simple linear combination and weighted averages, with a brief discussion of the application of profile likelihood, maximum likelihood, and machine learning. Comparing results for electron recoils (beta and gamma interactions) and nuclear recoils (primarily from neutrons) from the Noble Element Simulation Technique (NEST) simulation to available data, we confirm that combining all available information generates higher-precision means, lower widths (energy resolution), and more symmetric shapes (approximately Gaussian) especially at keV-scale energies, with the symmetry even greater when thresholding is addressed. Near thresholds, bias from upward fluctuations matters. For MeV-GeV scales, if only one channel is utilized, an ionization-only-based energy scale outperforms scintillation; channel combination remains beneficial. We discuss here what major collaborations use.

scholarly journals Information and analytical support as an element of organization of economic security of entrepreneurial activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Є.В. Воронюк
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Available Information

The article describes the importance of information and analytical support for the formation of organizational support for economic security of business. The stages and principles of formation of information-analytical support for creation of system of economic safety of the enterprise are analyzed. The connection and the nature of the influence of information-analytical activity and organizational support of economic security of the enterprise are investigated. It is important for the management of each organization to develop an individual mode of working with information, especially at the stage of its accumulation and analysis. Only a detailed and step-by-step definition of the process of working with information resources of various departments and officials increases the effectiveness of organizational support of economic security of the enterprise. The quality of analytical support is the basis for building an effective system of economic security of the enterprise and one of the key factors in its development. The harmonious combination of information-analytical work and the organization of economic security is a problem for the management of the business structure and requires a constant, operational study of the economic efficiency of the existing organizational structure.Adjusting the organizational structure directly affects the company's ability to withstand threats and risks from the external and internal environment. Modernity puts forward specific conditions for the economic security of the enterprise, especially given the deepening of the role and increase the amount of available information. The information array, which is freely available, is constantly replenished, which requires decision-makers to find new methods of information processing. The article analyzes the features of using the results of information support and analytical research to form an effective organizational structure of economic security of the enterprise. The study demonstrates the need for reliable and effective information and analytical support to improve the organizational support of economic security of the enterprise.

scholarly journals Response of Corn Varieties under Saturated Soil Culture and Temporary Flooding in Tidal Swamp

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Arlingga Ichwan Maulana ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Iskandar Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Pyrite Oxidation ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Main Plot

Corn is one of the important food crops and feeds in the world. Conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land is one of the major causes of the decline in corn production. Saturated soil culture (SSC) is a cultivation technology that gives continuous irrigation and maintains water depth constantly and makes soil layer in saturated condition. This technology can prevent pyrite oxidation in the tidal swamp. This research aimed to study the effect of temporary fl ooding under saturated soil culture on the growth and productivity of corn. The research was conducted at Karya Bhakti village, Rantau Rasau, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi Province, Indonesia. The experiment used a split plot design with three replications. The main plot is fl ooding condition, consisted of 1) saturated soil condition continuously, from planting until harvesting time (as control), and 2) saturated soil condition from 0 to 10 DAP (Days after Planting) + fl ooding from 11 to 13 DAP + saturated soil condition from 14 to 28 DAP + fl ooding from 29-31 DAP + saturated soil condition from 32 DAP until harvesting time. The subplot is corn variety, “Sukmaraga”, “Bisma”, “Pioneer 27”, and “Bima 20”. “Pioneer 27” had the highest productivity of 9.33 t.ha-1. Corn varieties with moderate tolerance to temporary fl ooding were “Sukmaraga” and “Bisma”, whereas “Pioneer 27” and “Bima 20” are sensitive to fl ooding.

scholarly journals Sourse degradation - global environmental problem

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslav Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Catchment Areas

Based on generalization of literary sources, normative legal, stock materials and experimental data, the complex situation of soil degradation is highlighted. Different types and intensity of the manifestation of soil degradation, their distribution and characteristics are described. The threatening situation of manifestation of degradation processes in some regions of Ukraine is shown, among which soil erosion occupies the leading place. More than 4.5 million hectares are occupied by medium and strongly ground soils, including 68 thousand hectares completely lost their humus horizon. Particularly large areas of eroded soils are distributed on arable land in the Vinnytsia, Luhansk, Donetsk, Odesa, Chernivtsi and Ternopil regions, where the average annual ground wash is 24.5–27.8 t/ha with a tolerance of 2.5–3.7 t/ha. As a result of erosion processes from the total area of agricultural land, about 500 million tons of fertile soil layer is washed out on average annually, which contains about 24 million tons of humus, 0.96 million tons of nitrogen, 0.68 million tons of phosphorus and 9.4 million tons of potassium equivalent to 320–333 million tons of organic fertilizers, and ecological and economic losses due to erosion exceed 9 billion UAH. Flat soil was associated with linear erosion. The main indicators characterizing the degree of damage to land by linear erosion are the density of ravines, the distance and area between them, the slope, the properties of soils and rocks, the morphometric parameters of the ravines and their catchment areas. According to various estimates, the area of land affected by linear erosion in the country increases by 5–10 thousand ha annually. The effect of the ravines on the complete destruction of the land, deformation of the soil cover is highlighted. Information on various types of soil pollution by poison chemicals, industrial waste is given. According to the prediction of scientists in such a situation, 120–150 years on the planet can destroy the fertile soil layer. Key words: erosion, dehumidification, pollution, waterlogging, acidity, degraded land.

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF INDIVIDUAL CARBON NANOTUBES AND CARBON NANOTUBES NETWORK

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 1250136 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAJJAD DEHGHANI ◽  
MOHAMMAD KAZEM MORAVVEJ-FARSHI ◽  
MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN SHEIKHI
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tube Metal

We present a model to understand the effect of temperature on the electrical resistance of individual semiconducting single wall carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) of various diameters under various electric fields. The temperature dependence of the resistance of s-SWCNTs and metallic SWCNTs (m-SWCNTs) are compared. These results help us to understand the temperature dependence of the resistance of SWCNTs network. We experimentally examine the temperature dependence of the resistance of random networks of SWCNTs, prepared by dispersing CNTs in ethanol and drop-casting the solution on prefabricated metallic electrodes. Examining various samples with different electrode materials and spacings, we find that the dominant resistance in determination of the temperature dependence of resistance of the network is the resistance of individual tubes, rather than the tube–tube resistance or tube–metal contact resistance. It is also found that the tube–tube resistance depends on the electrode spacing and it is more important for larger electrode spacings. By applying high electric field to burn the all-metallic paths of the SWCNTs network, the temperature dependence of the resistance of s-SWCNTs is also examined. We also investigate the effect of acid treatment of CNTs on the temperature dependence of the resistance of SWCNTs and also multi-wall CNTs (MWCNTs) networks.

scholarly journals Exploration of the Confined Aquifers in the Yuyao River Valley (Eastern China) Using Electrical Sounding Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 02020
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Youcan Yu ◽  
Yufan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Confined Aquifers ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Hydrogeological Data

With abundant groundwater resources and obvious spatial distribution characteristics of confined aquifers, the Yuyao River valley is located in Ningbo, a coastal city in eastern China. It is greatly significant for studying the formation, movement and recharge of groundwater and establishing a sustainable groundwater management system to determine the spatial distribution of confined aquifers. In this paper, the spatial distribution of confined aquifers in the Yuyao River valley are studied by combining the symmetrical quadrupole electrical sounding method with hydrogeological data. Through analysis of the existing hydrogeological data, it is corroborated that there are sand gravel and round gravel confined aquifers in the study area. Then, the results of borehole-side electrical sounding measurements show that significant electrical differences are found among each rock-soil layer in the study area, and the resistivity of sand gravel and round gravel confined aquifers varies from 10 to 20 Ω·m. Finally, 77 symmetrical quadrupole electrical soundings on 5 lines were carried out perpendicular to the Yuyao River valley, and the data of electrical sounding were inverted and analyzed by the analysis software of GeoElectro. After calibration with boreholes, the confined aquifers in the study area were determined to be zonally distributed along the middle line of the valley, with buried depth ranging from -65 to -25 m and width exceeding 1000 m.

Evaluation of soil tillage systems in maize production

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rátonyi ◽  
L. Huzsvai ◽  
J. Nagy ◽  
A. Megyes
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Direct Drilling

The cultivation technologies for the dominant crops in Hungary need to be improved both in the interests of environmental protection and to reduce cultivation costs. A long-term research project was initiated in order to determine the feasibility of conservation tillage systems. The aim of the experiments was to evaluate conservation farming systems in Hungary in order to achieve more economical and more environment-friendly agricultural land use. Four tillage systems, namely conventional tillage (mouldboard plough), conservation tillage I (primary tillage with a J.D. Disk Ripper), conservation tillage II (primary tillage with a J.D. Mulch Finisher) and no tillage (direct drilling), were compared on a clay loam meadow soil (Vertisol). The physical condition of the experimental soils was evaluated using a hand-operated static cone penetrometer. Parallel with the measurement of penetration resistance, the moisture content of the soil was also determined. The grain yield of maize hybrids (Kincs SC [1999], Occitán SC [2000], Pr 37M34 SC [2001], DeKalb 471 SC [2002]) was measured using a plot combine-harvester. The analysis of soil conditions confirmed that if the cultivation depth and intensity are reduced the compaction of soil layers close to the surface can be expected. The decrease in yields (8-33%) in direct drilling (NT) and shallow, spring cultivated (MF) treatments, despite the higher available water content, can be explained partly by the compacted status of the 15-25 cm soil layer.

scholarly journals ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА ПІДТРИМКА ПРОЕКТІВ ЗЕМЛЕУСТРОЮ ЩОДО ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИХ ЧАСТОК

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Світлана Юріївна Даншина ◽  
Анастасія Володимирівна Василенко
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Available Information

One of the main problems of the development of the land market in Ukraine is the unfinished procedure of demarcation of agricultural land. The current legislation has determined the rules for positioning of for land pieces on the locality, has identified and prescribed mechanisms for obtaining a state act on ownership. The analysis of these rules allowed to systematize the input and output data, compile their list, and to determine the executors of the process of determining of location of land pieces. As a result, has obtained a generalized model of the process in the form of a contextual diagram, which defines a single point of view on process, the subject and the goal of modeling in accordance with the requirements of current legislation. The detailed analysis of the process in Ramus Edu. made it possible to develop a functional model of its key stage of the process of developing projects of land management. The use in this process a data, that represents objects defined in a space, the need for their processing and analysis make it possible to justify the use of geographic information systems (GIS). The article offers a method of information support for process of developing of projects of land management, which based on the implement of GIS. The most difficult stage of the method is calculates of the area of land pieces on the locality. This is due to the fact that need to take into account the different quality of land and its intended use, which affects the final cost of the land piece. Possible variants of calculation generalized in a single algorithm, the result of which is the estimation of the area of the land pieces, which indicated in the state act on ownership. Software realization of some of his stages is creating too. Thus, the compilation of available information based on GIS makes it possible to create a comprehensive view of the territory to be demarcated and to make informed decisions when carrying out land parcels on the locality. An example of the realization of some of its stages on the delimitation of lands located in the Pyatikhatk natural and agricultural district of the Dnipropetrovsk region is given. Visualization of the initial data was carried out in the program ArcGIS. An example of the implementation of the proposed method confirmed the possibility to use it in the land management organizations. The introduction of this method will allow to substantiate preliminary decisions regarding the boundaries of land pieces and to shorten the time for field work when the land pieces are transferred to locality

scholarly journals On the Electrical Resistance Relaxation of 3D-Anisotropic Carbon-Fiber-Filled Polymer Composites Subjected to External Electric Fields

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Pei Huang ◽  
Yingze Cao ◽  
Zhidong Xia ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Shaosong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Flexible Composites ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Small Voltage ◽  
Resistance Relaxation

Flexible composites as sensors are applied under a small voltage, but the effect of the external electrical field on the resistance is always ignored and unexplored by current research. Herein, we investigate the electrical resistance relaxation of anisotropic composites when they are subjected to an external electric field. The anisotropic composites were 3D-printed based on carbon-fiber-filled silicon rubber. Constant DC voltages were applied to the composites, and the output electrical current increased with time, namely the electrical resistance relax with time. The deflection and migration of carbon fibers are dominantly responsible for the resistance relaxation, and the angle’s evolution of a carbon fiber, under the application and removal of the electrical field, was well observed. The other factor hindering the resistance relaxation is the increased temperature originating from the Joule heating effect. This work provides a new understanding in the working duration and the static characteristics of flexible composites.

Geophysical Surveys in Engineering Geology Investigations With Field Examples

2018 ◽  
pp. 257-280
Author(s):  
Ali Aydin ◽  
Erdal Akyol ◽  
Mahmud Gungor ◽  
Ali Kaya ◽  
Suat Tasdelen
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Groundwater Exploration ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Surface Mapping ◽  
Geophysical Field ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Geophysical Study ◽  
Electrical Sounding

This chapter focusses on geophysical survey techniques, employed in engineering geological investigations and it includes case studies. Goal of a geophysical study in an engineering geological research is to display discontinuities in the rock masses, physico-mechanical properties of soils and rocks, groundwater exploration, faults, landslides, etc. It is also helpful to learn type and thickness of soil, layer inclination. These techniques include engineering geological surface mapping, geotechnical drilling and in situ testing.Then the obtained geophysical field data are analyzed and interpreted in conjunction with the results of geological information.The most common geophysical methods namely seismic, magnetometric, vertical electrical sounding (VES), Very Low Frequency (VLF) Electromagnetics methods, ground penetration radar (GPR) provide sufficient information about the subsurface although they have their limitations, setting up the minimum tests requirements in relation to the type of the geological formations.

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