scholarly journals NEUTRONIC BENCHMARKING OF SMALL GAS-COOLED SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 10033
Author(s):  
Briana Hiscox ◽  
Benjamin Betzler ◽  
Vladimir Sobes ◽  
William J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Reactor Physics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Benchmark Experiment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Similarity Indices ◽  
New Generation

To demonstrate that nuclear reactors can be built faster and more economically than they have been in the past, the US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy is sponsoring the development of a small nuclear reactor called the Transformational Challenge Reactor (TCR) [1–2]. An important part of the design and licencing process of a new reactor is validation of the software used to analyze the reactor using established reactor physics benchmarks. This paper discusses validation of the neutronics software used to model four preliminary designs of the TCR core [2]. Because the TCR core design uses innovative technology and methods, comparable established benchmarks are limited or do not exist. For this effort, established benchmarks from the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments (ICSBEP) [3] were considered to be suitable for this design based on analysis using the SCALE/TSUNAMI-computed similarity indices to determine the amount of shared uncertainty between the design and each selected benchmark experiment. This paper addresses the challenges faced in benchmarking a unique reactor for licensing and construction, a task that will become more common as a new generation of innovative nuclear reactors are designed and built.

Innovative Devices That Enable Variable Flow Systems for Energy Savings

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Keith Miller ◽  
John R. Bode ◽  
Robert Sachs ◽  
Kirt Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Variable Flow ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Industrial Operations ◽  
Mechanical Devices

Over the past decade numerous studies both conducted by and authorized by the US Department of Energy Office of Industrial Technology have identified significant energy savings potential by adjusting flow rates to meet process demands. As much as 40% energy savings have been achieved when variable flow pumping systems were implemented in some DOE demonstration projects. To date, only a small fraction of the identified companies in various industries which can benefit in energy savings resulting from adjustable pumping flow rates have installed the requisite capabilities. One reason for the slow rate of adoption of variable pumping is that there are few commercially available methods for adjusting pump rates. Electronic Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) are the most commonly implemented method of varying pump speeds, usually resulting in reduced operating life of the electric drive motors and sometimes in significant costs of plant modifications. Veritran Inc. with the support of Team Technologies, Inc. is developing low-cost mechanical devices for varying electric motor speeds without the large initial investment associated with VFDs nor the other detracting features of the need to install larger electric motors and reduced motor life expectancy. Veritran’s Infinitely Variable Transmissions (IVTs), such as SM-15IVT (www.veritraninc.com) are installed between the motor and the load, which allows for soft starts, and precise output set speeds, all under programmable microprocessor control. The amount of power demanded from the motor varies as the output speed of the transmission is changed or the load torque is changed. This paper will describe the engineering development that Veritran has been pursuing over the past decade of their novel IVTs, and will present some of the test data collected to date. Results will also be presented of systems analyses where IVTs are inserted into various industrial operations and significant energy savings result.

Millenial Disruptive Technology: An Assessment on Disrupted Banking Industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Anis Choirunnisa ◽  
Mohammad A. Amin Soetomo ◽  
Heru Purnomo Ipung
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Way

Millennial are new generation that demand a new kind of market expectation and seeks new value on how industry interact with its customer. Among assessed industries in the US, Banks are the most vulnerable industry that millennial demands new kind of approach to conduct banking in the past three years facilitated by the increasing influence of digital technology in everyday life. Millennial are the generation that born in 80s and 90s where they see the dying relevant of bank [1]. The survey sees that in US 68% of them think that the way we access our money will be totally different, 70% said that the way we pay for things will be totally different, and even 33% believe that bank will not be needed at all in the next 5 year. However, the key question is what is millennial really needs on the banking services in Indonesia? Is the trend in the US and Europe is catching up soon? Is Indonesia Banks ready from the eyes of Millennial? This research focuses on current level of digital banking experiences of Indonesia Banking Millennial where assess the current satisfaction of the current banking services in Indonesia and the expected digital banking of Indonesia Banking Millennial, current and the future.

Machining Test Specimens From Harvested Zion RPV Segments

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Rosseel ◽  
Mikhail A. Sokolov ◽  
Randy K. Nanstad
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Damage Models ◽  
The Us ◽  
Machining Test

The decommissioning of the Zion Nuclear Generating Station (NGS) in Zion, Illinois, presents a special and timely opportunity for developing a better understanding of materials degradation and other issues associated with extending the lifetime of existing nuclear power plants (NPPs) beyond 60 years of service. In support of extended service and current operations of the US nuclear reactor fleet, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), through the Department of Energy (DOE), Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program, is coordinating and contracting with Zion Solutions, LLC, a subsidiary of Energy Solutions, an international nuclear services company, the selective procurement of materials, structures, components, and other items of interest from the decommissioned reactors. In this paper, we will discuss the acquisition of segments of the Zion Unit 2 Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV), cutting these segments into blocks from the beltline and upper vertical welds and plate material and machining those blocks into mechanical (Charpy, compact tension, and tensile) test specimens and coupons for microstructural (TEM, SEM, APT, SANS and nano indention) characterization. Access to service-irradiated RPV welds and plate sections will allow through wall attenuation studies to be performed, which will be used to assess current radiation damage models [1].

An Innovative Approach to Nuclear Reactor Design Certification

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
N. W. Brown ◽  
G. L. Gyorey ◽  
B. K. Genetti ◽  
M. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Power Reactor ◽  
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
General Electric ◽  
Test Program ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Us ◽  
Regulatory Commission ◽  
Made In

General Electric has proposed that the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) consider adding an Appendix to 10CFR50 that would specifically address NRC Safety Review and Design Certification of advanced reactors through use of an experience building test program. The proposal was made in conjunction with the Department of Energy (DOE)-sponsored review of the General Electric advanced Liquid Metal Reactor (LMR) concept, Power Reactor Inherently Safe Module (PRISM). This paper provides a description of the proposed new 10CFR50 Appendix. It also provides the basis for the proposed new approach to Design Certification and outlines the plans that are in place for further review and consideration by the NRC.

The Contribution of Intermediate-Voltage, High-Resolution Electron Microscopy In Materials Science: An Appraisal

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-479
Author(s):  
John L. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Extreme Sensitivity ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Small Metal Particles

Over the past five years or so the development of a new generation of high resolution electron microscopes operating routinely in the 300-400 kilovolt range has produced a dramatic increase in resolution, to around 1.6 Å for “structure resolution” and approaching 1.2 Å for information limits. With a large number of such instruments now in operation it is timely to assess their impact in the various areas of materials science where they are now being used. Are they falling short of the early expectations? Generally, the manufacturers’ claims regarding resolution are being met, but one unexpected factor which has emerged is the extreme sensitivity of these instruments to both floor-borne and acoustic vibrations. Successful measures to counteract these disturbances may require the use of special anti-vibration blocks, or even simple oil-filled dampers together with springs, with heavy curtaining around the microscope room to reduce noise levels. In assessing performance levels, optical diffraction analysis is becoming the accepted method, with rotational averaging useful for obtaining a good measure of information limits. It is worth noting here that microscope alignment becomes very critical for the highest resolution.In attempting an appraisal of the contributions of intermediate voltage HREMs to materials science we will outline a few of the areas where they are most widely used. These include semiconductors, oxides, and small metal particles, in addition to metals and minerals.

Advances In Asthma Care

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Asthma Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Examination Process

Asthma rates in the US have risen during the past 25 years, as have asthma-related morbidity and healthcare costs. Professional organizations involved in asthma care have identified the need to assure that an advanced level of asthma knowledge and skill is available to patients with asthma, their families, and insurers. This need led to development of the certification for asthma educators. The Certified Asthma Educator (AE-C) must meet specific clinical criteria and pass a standardized examination designed to evaluate knowledge and skill for providing competent asthma education and coordination. The development and current status of the Certified Asthma Educator examination process and content are discussed, as are goals of the certification

BP Global Energy Outlook 2030

2013 ◽  
pp. 109-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rühl
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
The Us ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Oil Gas

This paper presents the highlights of the third annual edition of the BP Energy Outlook, which sets out BP’s view of the most likely developments in global energy markets to 2030, based on up-to-date analysis and taking into account developments of the past year. The Outlook’s overall expectation for growth in global energy demand is to be 36% higher in 2030 than in 2011 and almost all the growth coming from emerging economies. It also reflects shifting expectations of the pattern of supply, with unconventional sources — shale gas and tight oil together with heavy oil and biofuels — playing an increasingly important role and, in particular, transforming the energy balance of the US. While the fuel mix is evolving, fossil fuels will continue to be dominant. Oil, gas and coal are expected to converge on market shares of around 26—28% each by 2030, and non-fossil fuels — nuclear, hydro and renewables — on a share of around 6—7% each. By 2030, increasing production and moderating demand will result in the US being 99% self-sufficient in net energy. Meanwhile, with continuing steep economic growth, major emerging economies such as China and India will become increasingly reliant on energy imports. These shifts will have major impacts on trade balances.

World Economy: Prospects and Barriers for Recovery

2012 ◽  
pp. 61-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Western World ◽  
Short Time Period ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Junk Bonds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
Global Liquidity ◽  
Short Time

According to the latest forecasts, it will take 10 years for the world economy to get back to “decent shape”. Some more critical estimates suggest that the whole western world will have a “colossal mess” within the next 5–10 years. Regulators of some major countries significantly and over a short time‑period changed their forecasts for the worse which means that uncertainty in the outlook for the future persists. Indeed, the intensive anti‑crisis measures have reduced the severity of the past problems, however the problems themselves have not disappeared. Moreover, some of them have become more intense — the eurocrisis, excessive debts, global liquidity glut against the backdrop of its deficit in some of market segments. As was the case prior to the crisis, derivatives and high‑risk operations with “junk” bonds grow; budget problems — “fiscal cliff” in the US — and other problems worsen. All of the above forces the regulators to take unprecedented (in their scope and nature) steps. Will they be able to tackle the problems which emerge?

Holism, Chinese Medicine and Systems Ideologies: Rewriting the Past to Imagine the Future

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Scheid
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
Shared Objective ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter explores the articulations that have emerged over the last half century between various types of holism, Chinese medicine and systems biology. Given the discipline’s historical attachments to a definition of ‘medicine’ that rather narrowly refers to biomedicine as developed in Europe and the US from the eighteenth century onwards, the medical humanities are not the most obvious starting point for such an inquiry. At the same time, they do offer one advantage over neighbouring disciplines like medical history, anthropology or science and technology studies for someone like myself, a clinician as well as a historian and anthropologist: their strong commitment to the objective of facilitating better medical practice. This promise furthermore links to the wider project of critique, which, in Max Horkheimer’s definition of the term, aims at change and emancipation in order ‘to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them’. If we take the critical medical humanities as explicitly affirming this shared objective and responsibility, extending the discipline’s traditional gaze is not a burden but becomes, in fact, an obligation.

Molecular Epidemiology and Biomarkers in Etiologic Cancer Research: The New in Light of the Old

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cancer Epidemiology ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Generation

The purpose of this review is to evaluate progress inmolecular epidemiology over the past 24 years in canceretiology and prevention to draw lessons for futureresearch incorporating the new generation of biomarkers.Molecular epidemiology was introduced inthe study of cancer in the early 1980s, with theexpectation that it would help overcome some majorlimitations of epidemiology and facilitate cancerprevention. The expectation was that biomarkerswould improve exposure assessment, document earlychanges preceding disease, and identify subgroupsin the population with greater susceptibility to cancer,thereby increasing the ability of epidemiologic studiesto identify causes and elucidate mechanisms incarcinogenesis. The first generation of biomarkers hasindeed contributed to our understanding of riskandsusceptibility related largely to genotoxic carcinogens.Consequently, interventions and policy changes havebeen mounted to reduce riskfrom several importantenvironmental carcinogens. Several new and promisingbiomarkers are now becoming available for epidemiologicstudies, thanks to the development of highthroughputtechnologies and theoretical advances inbiology. These include toxicogenomics, alterations ingene methylation and gene expression, proteomics, andmetabonomics, which allow large-scale studies, includingdiscovery-oriented as well as hypothesis-testinginvestigations. However, most of these newer biomarkershave not been adequately validated, and theirrole in the causal paradigm is not clear. There is a needfor their systematic validation using principles andcriteria established over the past several decades inmolecular cancer epidemiology.

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