scholarly journals The Use of “the Big Five” in Assessing Levels of Adaptation in Dental Students at Various Stages of Their Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 08025
Author(s):  
Larisa Litvinova ◽  
Lyubov’ Gubareva ◽  
Atsamaz Kaloyev ◽  
Yelena Grishilova
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Human Adaptation ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Actual Behaviour ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
Academic Workload

Current approaches in psychology look at human adaptation reserves as part of individual character. “the Big Five” evaluates subjects’ actual behaviour and levels of reserves of adaptation on each of the five scales. The results show reliably identifiable changes between the first and third years of study. Students acquire traits associated with introversion and reduce their social contacts (р≤0.01). A reduction to average is also visible in “Attachment – Detachment” (р≤0.05) and “Playfulness – Practicality” (р≤0.01). It can be seen that there is a reduction in the adaptation abilities of dental students between the first and third years in terms of social contact and the application of practical knowledge. Mastering the disciplines under study becomes harder, while the amount of theoretical knowledge and practical ability required increases, necessitating higher levels of concentration. Taking into account the increase in academic workload during this period, some of the above can be put down to stress.

“The Sympathy of Experience With Life!” – Understanding Practical Knowledge From Heidegger to Gadamer and Back

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2 supplement) ◽  
pp. 165-179
Author(s):  
Alina Noveanu
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Philosophical Hermeneutics ◽  
Phenomenological Hermeneutics

"For both Gadamer’s project of a philosophical hermeneutics as for Heidegger’s early understanding of facticity (Faktizität) as practical knowledge, the problem of application is central and is always linked to the specific conditions under which an individual decides to act within a community. Both also agree on the fact that the sciences of man do involve more than the epistemic subject, this is why the context i.e. the phenomenological concept of ‘world’ becomes part of the understanding process, one that cannot be ignored or transformed into an abstract matter. Understanding is therefore also in a specific way ‘historical’, as the application is dictated by momentary circumstances in life situations, which come before any use of theoretical knowledge and thus do not represent an appendix to theory. While Gadamer continuously insisted on the idea of a practical knowledge (Wissen) that surpasses the separations between theory and praxis, sophia and phronesis, Heidegger radicalized the idea of active thinking as an experience of language in connection to an essential ‘perception’ of Being itself, that goes beyond any subjectivity. The term by which he often characterizes this essential thinking (wesentliches Denken) is Vernehmen: a kind of receptive thinking. This conception of receptive thinking, as some conversations around the Zollikon Seminars and Le Thor/Zähringen will briefly show, lead Heidegger also to some interesting considerations on the human body. Keywords: practical knowledge, historicity, life, body, Vernehmen, phenomenological hermeneutics, world. "

scholarly journals Assessing the scaling of a blockchain-based social contact tracking system

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Ilya Shmelev
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Unresolved Issue ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Digital Infrastructure ◽  
Contact Tracking ◽  
The Common

During a pandemic, one of the most important tasks is to track social contacts with those who are sick. This article categorizes projects that track these contacts. Projects are classified by architecture and the common components of such systems are highlighted. It is concluded that the hybrid architecture of such a solution based on an exclusive blockchain will have several advantages, and a conceptual model of such a system is described. However, an analysis of existing blockchain projects showed that their main problem is the unresolved issue of scaling such kinds of systems, which is becoming a key issue in the context of creating a global digital infrastructure of society. Further, the scaling of the system's conceptual model is assessed based on open-source information about the Moscow metro, and the main conclusions about the selected architectural solutions are confirmed.

Nauczyciel – badacz. O zastosowaniu badania w działaniu przez nauczycieli i przyszłych nauczycieli języków obcych

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (23) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Magdalena Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Classroom Teaching ◽  
Teaching Skills ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Teacher Trainees

Action research (AR) as a research method has been recommended in the process of educating foreign language (FL) teachers as well as developing their teaching skills for decades. Many teacher education experts, including Elliott (1991) are of the opinion that the method contributes to teachers’ professional develpoment as they can extend their theoretical knowledge of the processes of learning and teaching through gaining the practical knowledge. Moreover, action research evokes the need for reflection upon one’s teaching activities. One may wonder whether FL teacher-practitoners apply AR in their teaching and how, if at all, it influences their classroom teaching. In order to learn about it, the author of the article conducted a questionnaire which provides interesting information about FL teachers’ attitude towards AR. The article aims at promoting AR as well as encouraging FL teachers and teacher-trainees to use the method in their work.

scholarly journals Qualifications and Certificates v Practical Knowledge and Experience: Is There a Winner?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eddie Fisher ◽  
Yorkys Santana González
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Face To Face

There appears to be a continuing and inconclusive debate amongst scholars whether theoretical knowledge or practical experience is more important in related and associated areas such as education, recruitment and employability. This research, limited to a literature review and face to face interviews, conducted a systematic investigation to obtain and analyze valid and reliable research data to establish whether theoretical knowledge or practical experience are of paramount importance. The outcome of this research suggests that a hybrid approach should be adopted, with the major focus being on practical experience supported by relevant theoretical knowledge and not the converse. A number of additional recommendations are presented how to balance and close the gap between theory and practice including a redesign of ordinary and advanced level educational teaching. Far greater emphasis needs to be placed on young people gaining early practical experience inside and outside the classroom. This can be achieved by developing practical workshops (pilot studies) for use in safe laboratory-type environments and by extending work placements within organizations during term times.   

scholarly journals Expectations Versus Reality: What Matters to Students of Economics vs. What They Receive from Universities?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Łukasz Mamica ◽  
Błażej Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
University Education ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Tuition Fees ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Education Process ◽  
What Matters

The phenomenon of increasing tuition fees is one of the factors which reinforce the increasingly consumerist attitudes among students towards the product (understood as a whole process of university education) they receive from universities. The aim of the study is to characterise the difference between the expectations of students and the extent to which those expectations are met by universities. This analysis also focuses on the conditions that determine this perception of what universities offer and discusses selected issues concerning the relations between universities and industry. The findings demonstrate why creativity, apart from practical knowledge, is one of the most important aspects in the process of education, where a student’s graduation work is aimed at solving specific problems in companies and institutions. In the empirical part of the paper, students’ opinions about the importance of selected aspects of the education process are compared with the level of support provided by universities. The research covered 505 students of economics from 10 different countries. Their expectations of the educational process with regard to the majority of its aspects (apart from theoretical knowledge) proved to be higher than those of their universities. The findings of this research may thus be useful in formulating optimal study plans.

scholarly journals Non-compulsory measures sufficiently reduced human mobility in Tokyo during the COVID-19 epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yabe ◽  
Kota Tsubouchi ◽  
Naoya Fujiwara ◽  
Takayuki Wada ◽  
Yoshihide Sekimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Contact Rates ◽  
Mobility Behavior

Abstract While large scale mobility data has become a popular tool to monitor the mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic, the impacts of non-compulsory measures in Tokyo, Japan on human mobility patterns has been under-studied. Here, we analyze the temporal changes in human mobility behavior, social contact rates, and their correlations with the transmissibility of COVID-19, using mobility data collected from more than 200K anonymized mobile phone users in Tokyo. The analysis concludes that by April 15th (1 week into state of emergency), human mobility behavior decreased by around 50%, resulting in a 70% reduction of social contacts in Tokyo, showing the strong relationships with non-compulsory measures. Furthermore, the reduction in data-driven human mobility metrics showed correlation with the decrease in estimated effective reproduction number of COVID-19 in Tokyo. Such empirical insights could inform policy makers on deciding sufficient levels of mobility reduction to contain the disease.

scholarly journals An overview of mobile assisted language learning: From content delivery to supported collaboration and interaction

ReCALL ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Kukulska-Hulme ◽  
Lesley Shield
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Mobile Assisted Language Learning

AbstractMobile learning is undergoing rapid evolution. While early generations of mobile learning tended to propose activities that were carefully crafted by educators and technologists, learners are increasingly motivated by their personal learning needs, including those arising from greater mobility and frequent travel. At the same time, it is often argued that mobile devices are particularly suited to supporting social contacts and collaborative learning - claims that have obvious relevance for language learning. A review of publications reporting mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) was undertaken to discover how far mobile devices are being used to support social contact and collaborative learning. In particular, we were interested in speaking and listening practice and in the possibilities for both synchronous and asynchronous interaction in the context of online and distance learning. We reflect on how mobile language learning has developed to date and suggest directions for the future.

Un análisis contrastivo de los vocativos en español y en alemán

2017 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Siebold ◽  
Juan Pablo Larreta Zulategui
Keyword(s):  
Social Contact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tertium Comparationis

AbstractVocatives play an important role for establishing and maintaining social contacts in human communication. Given the functional and formal diversity in their culture-specific realisation, this study, based on two spoken corpora of everyday conversations in Spanish and German, compares the use of different types of vocatives in these two languages, especially from a pragmatic and sociolinguistic point of view. Firstly, we present a brief review on the communicative functions of vocatives and describe the tertium comparationis, the methodology and the corpora used for this study. Then, we compare the frequency of Spanish and German vocatives in different conversational settings. What emerges is greater tendency to use vocatives in the Spanish data, especially for reinforcing social contact within the conversations. As far as the variation of vocative-forms is concerned, this contrastive analysis reveals different pragmatic and sociolinguistic functions of last-name-vocatives, endearment-terms and the use of the pronouns

scholarly journals The association of cultural and contextual factors with social contact avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261858
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Messner
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
International Business ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
First Line ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
High Social Support ◽  
High Power Distance ◽  
Pathogen Exposure

As a first line of defense to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, people reduced social contacts to avoid pathogen exposure. Using a panel of countries, this research suggests that this was amplified in societies characterized by high social support and future orientation. People reacted more strongly in dense environments; government orders had more effect in high power distance societies. Conversely, a focus on accomplishments was associated with lower changes. Understanding people’s actual behaviors in response to health threats across societies is of great importance for epidemiology, public health, international business, and for the functioning of humanity as a whole.

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