scholarly journals The impact of globalization in connection with the development of e-commerce

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Eva Nahalková Tesárová ◽  
Anna Križanová
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Fraud ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Globalization encourages increased involvement of retailers, and the market currently provides these entities with a new range of purchasing functions. The new economy is based primarily on information and knowledge, so the key to success is the ability to constantly improve and respond to changing market conditions and increasing customer requirements. The Internet thus becomes an integral part of our lives. It is a tool that makes our lives better. The expansion of the global information network Internet has created space for a new kind of business. It brings benefits to all e-commerce entities. For this reason, its popularity is growing exponentially. The negative experience caused by financial fraud, misuse of sensitive data, the unreliability of business partners, and the like is also growing. Purpose of the article: The basic purpose of the article is the fact that the development of e-commerce is one of the important conditions for maintaining and increasing the competitiveness of the Slovak economy and its ability to participate in the international division of labor with the economically developed countries. Methods: The basic pillar of the article was to analyze the current development of e-commerce in the Slovak Republic, which is affected by the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19, make a comparison with EU countries, and evaluate the perception of e-commerce by Slovak consumers based on a questionnaire survey. Findings & Value added: Finally, we interpret the answers of the respondents, which were obtained by the questionnaire method.

Public policy makers

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Sraha
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Export Assistance

Purpose – Although there is great deal of research on export assistance programmes in developed countries, studies on developing countries in Africa has received scant attention in the literature. Lack of detailed information in many developing African countries makes it difficult to assess the effect of export promotion programmes (EPPs) on the firm’s export performance in foreign markets. The purpose of this paper is to explore entrepreneurial development in the value-added export sector of Ghana and screen EPPs provided by public policy makers to examine the impact of these programmes on export performance of Ghanaian firms in foreign markets. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual/exploratory paper is developed with discussion. Findings – The paper suggests that the ability of exporters to enhance their performance is driven by the usage of outside market access, export development/training and information related export assistance programmes offered by public policy makers. Utilisation of EPPs builds experiential knowledge which serves as a source of competitive advantage for exporters to implement effective marketing mix strategies to enhance performance. Practical implications – The study underscores the specific EPPs export managers can utilise to enhance performance and improve their international marketing strategy in foreign markets. Public policy makers need to work together with exporters to incorporate and develop programmes to suit the idiosyncrasies of foreign markets and boost the growth of value-added exports. Originality/value – The study explores past literature to screen and evaluate the effect of EPPs and entrepreneurial development to boost export growth in Ghana – Sub-Sahara Africa.

scholarly journals Globalization and Income Inequality: Comparative Analysis of the European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
Irina Atanasova ◽  
Tsvetomir Tsvetkov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Problematic Issue ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Research background: The globalization of the European countries within the EU and the Eurozone is primarily economic and is expressed by the free trade and the movement of capital and labour, which determines the incomes and the GDP. Globalization and its impact on inequality is becoming an essential and problematic issue, especially in the context of on-going economic integration processes between the countries in Europe, which seek to converge their economic, social and political systems in the Euro area. The process of inequality has become even more relevant in the context of globalization. Purpose of the article: The paper aims to examine the impact of globalization on the inequality in the developed and the emerging economies in Europe. Methods: On the basis of an econometric assessment, a comparative analysis of the effect of globalization on the inequality in the developed European countries and the emerging countries is carried out. Findings & Value added: The paper analyses the essential aspects and the effects of the income inequality dynamics, both horizontally and vertically. It also addresses the question of whether the effect of globalization on the economic growth and the inequality is the same for the developing and the developed countries, respectively. Based on the research, seven important conclusions are reached.

scholarly journals Creative accounting as a global tool for tax optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Roman Blazek
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Creative Accounting ◽  
State Administration

Research background: Creative accounting is a set of skills that allow people to produce an artistic, scientific or other creative activity that creates new, unusual and acceptable ideas, which are transformed into financial statements, which then form a positive view of the company’s economic activities. Purpose of the article: Creative accounting is a problem all over the world, as it adversely affects the financial statements in each country. The article describes models that help reveal the creativity of accountants and financiers. Procedures for identifying possible accounting delays are based on analytical models. In particular, it is complex statistical methods or data collection techniques that identify hidden, unusual patterns that indicate fraud. These analytical models are therefore used to detect various errors and fraud in accounting. Methods: Analytical models will be available to identify different methods of accounting abuse. Interest is placed on the analytical models of Beneish model and the Modified Jones model. The main objective of using these models is to reveal creative accounting in sector A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing. Fraud is investigated using sophisticated analytical methods that reveal improved data. Findings & Value added: Creative accounting in the conditions of the Slovak Republic but also globally is still not possible completely to reveal. The value added of this article can be mentioned as the benefit for potential business partners as well as investors interested in the analysed sector and the other hand for the other for the state administration.

scholarly journals Structural Change in Central and South Eastern Europe—Does Technological Efficiency Harm the Labour Market?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Novák
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
European Economies ◽  
The Impact

According to Kuznets, modern economic growth entails structural change. The share of the broad economic sectors (agriculture, manufacturing and services), in value added and employment, has undergone a significant transformation also in the post socialist Central Eastern European and the South Eastern European economies, just like in the developed countries with somewhat lower dominance of the service sector. This phenomenon was widely explained by economists through technological development having a characteristically negative impact on employment within the same industry in which it is adopted. As preceding empirical research focused mainly on developed industrial countries including old EU member states, the purpose of this paper is to examine structural change in 13 Central and South Eastern European EU member economies with special emphasis on the impact of own-industry productivity on employment with OLS and GMM panel regressions. This paper reveals that the productivity increase in all the sectors goes together with the decrease in employment within the sectors in the case of OLS estimations, whereas it produces less evident results in the GMM model framework when controlled for other sectors’ and countries’ productivity and employment processes. Involving further country-, time- and industry-specific variables in the regression, we find that it is mostly manufacturing that is negatively hit by these additional factors (such as relatively higher openness or EU level investment activity) whereas productivity does not necessarily harm the sustainability of workplaces in this sector. The paper also ascertains that there is a large diversity among the selected emerging European economies with regard to economic structures.

THE IMPACT OF VALUE ADDED TAX ON CASH FLOWS OF ROAD TRAFFIC COMPANIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Angelika KĂştna ◽  
Norbert Gyurián
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Impact

Within the Member States of the European Union, value added tax (VAT) is the most harmonized form of tax from all types of direct and indirect taxes. It does not affect the costs or the revenues of the company, but it affects taxpayers on the other hand. The impact on the company's cash flows is most significantly affected. The basic principle of VAT taxation consists of the following idea. The Member State of final consumption of the goods or services is the state to whom the VAT finally belongs to. The free movement of goods and services between the Member States resulted in many new traffic companies being created. The measure of VAT influence on Cash Flows depends mainly on two impact factors. The first is the length of excessive deduction payment period to taxpayer bank account. The second impact factor is the amount of excessive deduction expressed through money. The objective of this study is an evaluation and quantification of the impact of value added tax on the road traffic companies’ cash flows. The financial burden of traffic companies had an upward trend only during the first and second year of the analyzed period. Since 2006, the financial burden had a downward trend. This decrease was more significant until 2009 (the end of the financial crisis in European countries). After this year, the declining rate had moderated. This development results not only from declining interest rates of the European Central Bank but also from economic growth and development in European countries.

scholarly journals Environmental and economic indicators of sustainable development of enterprises of oil and gas complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 08009
Author(s):  
Arif Huseynov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Research background: An indicator system is proposed to determine the nature of environmental and economic sustainability in the oil and gas industry. Purpose of the article: The main purpose here is based on the experience of developed countries and the safety practices of enterprises, which are widely used in the world as well as in terms of environmental efficiency. This indicator is used to identify the impact of the oil and gas industry on the environment and environmental-economic and social indices. Methods: Based on various experiences and indices, development and application of indicators is of great importance in terms of development strategies for enterprise formation, elimination of prerequisite in the change of environmental factors, social responsibility and environmental safety. These indicators can be used to establish the environmental rate of the enterprise. Important features of these indicators are their universality, their use in any fuel and energy complex. Findings & Value added: Its activity specificity (environmental and economic) is to evaluate the cost of damage. One of its distinctive features is to carry out accounting of the interaction between all environmental and economic character of the enterprise. This experience is already used in the Russian gas industry. Thus, this system demonstrates its applicability in environmental management and optimization of enterprise operation. In Russia, development of significant environmental management of the country in terms of environmental and economic financing, assessment of environmental impact is carried out in accordance with ISA 14000 standards.

scholarly journals Barriers to the development of SMEs in the Slovak Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Ivanová
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
External Sources ◽  
The Impact

Research background: SMEs make up an important segment of the economic system, not only in the national economy, but also throughout the EU, and their importance continues to grow. SMEs in Slovakia, according to the latest data of the European Commission, represent 99.9 per cent of all enterprises, constitute 70.7 per cent of jobs, and 61.2 per cent of value added in the economy. However, they are often confronted with market imperfections. SMEs frequently have difficulties in obtaining capital or credit, particularly in the early start-up phase. Their restricted resources may also reduce access to new technologies or innovation. Authors often deal with the impact of SME financing on their development. Madrid-Guijarro et al. (2016), Lee et al. (2015) claim that SMEs have difficulty in funding innovation and the worsening in general credit conditions has been more pronounced for non-innovative firms.Purpose of the article: The main objective of the conducted research was to analyze the conditions for the development of small and medium enterprises (the SMEs sector) in Slovak Republic, whereas the specific objectives were: (1) to determine the terms for gaining external sources of financing for the development of SMEs, (2) to examine the resources for innovation development in the SMEs sector, (3) to find out if SMEs are considered to be a competitive advantage.Methods: The research was conducted in the Slovak Republic in 2016. Participants were 193 Slovak companies that were classified as SMEs by the size class of employment. The research tool used for the study was the own questionnaire consisting of 38 questions and the demographics. The structure of the questionnaire allowed the authors to identify the group of questions concerning the most important conditions for the development of the examined sector referring to the business environment. The results were processed by chi-square method.Findings & Value added: On the basis of the conducted research of the sector of SMEs , it can be concluded that a large group of companies have difficult access to external sources of financing and this refers both to the access to the European Union funds, grants, bank loans and other instruments of the financial market. However, it occurs that: (1) in Slovakia, the smaller the enterprise, i.e. the fewer employees it hires, the easier the access to external sources of financing, (1) innovative projects are realized from company profits or a loan, (1) problems in Slovakia in accessing external funds due to the complexity of the process of approval of applications and documents and strict criteria for the assessment of financial capacity.

scholarly journals The impact of the Covid pandemic on transport companies and the possibilities of improving their management in the conditions of Slovak republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
Olga Ponisciakova ◽  
Eva Kicova
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Interpretive Methods ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Against the background of a more thorough knowledge of the impact of the Covid pandemic, it is necessary to consider the possibilities of mitigating the effects of it. We propose the use of such progressive management tools in the field of transport, which could increase the readiness of management for more stable and effective management in the future. Purpose of the article: The main purpose is based on the analysis of the impact of the Covid pandemic to suggest ways to improve the management of transport companies operating in Slovakia. To achieve this, we will focus on identifying the key impacts of the pandemic in this sector and propose management tools that could mitigate the impact of a potential crisis in the future. Methods: We will use theoretical and empirical scientific methods in processing the subject. We will work with theoretical methods, such as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. In the second step, the article will use empirical scientific techniques that work with specific data and precise methods to achieve concrete results. In addition to explanatory methods, interpretive methods will also be used. Findings & Value added: Information on the effects of the pandemic on Slovak transport companies will be important, which will serve as a basis for the design part. The added value will be the recommendation of progressive management tools in the conditions of specific transport companies with an emphasis on strategic management and elimination of the impacts of potential crisis situations in the future.

scholarly journals The Impact of Price-Cost Competitiveness Factors on Economic Growth

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Baranová
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Cost Competitiveness ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of this study is to verify the assumption that price-cost competitiveness factors affect long-term economic growth in the sample countries. This analysis is based on the neoclassical growth model extended by human capital. Furthermore, variables reflecting the cost-competitiveness and cost-effective real exchange rate and unit labor costs were added to the model. The default is a panel regression methodology and related methods of data analysis. The sample consists of EU member states that meet the requirement of a small open economy and membership in the OECD. On the basis of this criterion, the following countries were selected: Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Austria, Slovenia and the Slovak Republic. Annual frequency in the time frame 1999-2010 is the reference period. This is shown by the analysis results in the case that the selected sample of countries with affordable cost factors appears to be significant. The selected indicators of competitiveness can be one of the prominent factors that influence economic growth in developed countries, yet they are not a fully sufficient and comprehensive source of growth factors in terms of competitiveness.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CHINA SHOCK ON DEINDUSTRIALISATION OVER TIME

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Nugraheni Dwi Utami
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Employment Share ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Heterogeneous Effect ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>This paper analyses the impact of Chinese import competition on deindustrialization measured by real value added and employment share in 61 developed and developing countries over 1970-2010 period. By employing quantile regression with instrumental variables to correct potential endogeneity bias, the results suggest that the main driver of deindustrialization in employment in developed countries is technological change. There is heterogeneous effect of China shock. In developed countries, the effect is destructive in term of both employment and real value added in the lower quantile of distribution, with the higher magnitude for the former. In the higher quantile, complementary effect outweighs detrimental impact. In developing countries, the negative effect of China’s shock on real value-added rises as the increase in the proportion of manufacturing value-added in countries. The destructive effect on employment in developing countries seems to be harder after 1990 period.</em></p><p><strong><em>K</em></strong><strong><em>eywords</em></strong><em>: China, competition, deindustrialization</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

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