Accuracy of Blood Culture Results From the Hemodialysis Circulation as Compared to the Gold Standard for Diagnosing Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. B67 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Blood Stream Infections

scholarly journals Bacteriologic Antibiography Outline of Isolates from Blood Culture at Tertiary Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2801-2806
Author(s):  
Dhruba Hari Chandi ◽  
Praful Patil ◽  
Smita Damke ◽  
Silpi Basak ◽  
Rangaiahagari Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Tertiary Center

Bacteria found in blood circulation either consistently intermittently are commination to every organs of body. These infections can affect life and death. In India also blood stream infections are major causes of health problem that caused demise of patients in hospital. Timely diagnoses of infection with antimicrobial susceptibility assessment are important for optimization of treatment and best way to reduce hospital stay and improve patient health. In spite of recent advances in clinical diagnostics, blood culture remains the gold standard for the detection of blood stream infections. Studies in different places and regions have indicated the varying microbiological pattern of bloodstream infections which support the need for a continuous examination of the causative organisms. For the diagnosis of septicemia, Blood cultures are the “gold standard” are based on the detection of viable microorganisms in the blood. The main aim of this is to identify the bacteria causing bloodstream infections and to determine and analysis their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in a tertiary center. In this study blood for culture was collected from 940 clinically suspected cases of blood stream infection from the hospital. Collected blood samples were processed in the bacteriology section at microbiology laboratory and standard laboratory methods were used to identified isolates and then antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using CLSI guidelines. Total 940 blood samples were cultured in which 139(14.8%) were found positive. Among isolates, the most predominant organism was Staphylococcus aureus (51.8%) followed by Escherichia coli (24.5%) and the least was Salmonella species (1.4%), Proteus species (1.4%) and Acinetobacter species (1.4%). Among Gram positive isolates, Penicillin and Erythromycin showed high degree of resistance. Imipenem was particularly susceptible among the isolated. Gentamicin and Amikacin showed high in vitro susceptibility for both Enterobacteriaceae and Nonfermenters. This study provides information on bacteriological profile of septicemic isolates. Therefore continuous monitoring of the susceptibility of organisms towards antibiotics is necessary to prevent and spread of drug resistance.

scholarly journals Susceptibility Pattern of Pathogens Causing Blood Stream Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Two-year Retrospective Study from Southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Bassey Ewa Ekeng ◽  
Ubleni Ettah Emanghe ◽  
Bernard Ekpan Monjol ◽  
Anthony Achizie Iwuafor ◽  
Ernest Afu Ochang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Culture Positive

Aim: Bloodstream infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prevalence of causative microorganisms varies from one geographical region to another. This study was aimed at determining the etiological agents prevalent in our environment and their susceptibility profile. Study design: This is a retrospective study carried out at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria. Methodology: Blood culture results of patients documented over a two-year period were retrieved and analyzed. Blood culture positive isolates were detected using conventional method and Oxoid signal blood culture systems. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were carried out by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (CoNS) was detected by disk diffusion method using 30 µg cefoxitin disk. ESBL production was detected by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) and the double disc synergy test (DDST). Results: A total of 413 blood culture antimicrobial susceptibility test results were analyzed, of which 116 (28.09%) were identified as culture positive. Sixty-nine (59%) of the positive isolates were from female patients. Out of 116 positive cultures, 58.62% (68/116) were Gram positive organisms, 40.52% (47/116) were Gram negative organisms, non albicans Candida accounted for 0.86% (1/116).  Staphylococcus aureus (n=41, 35.3%) was the predominant isolate and showed high sensitivity to levofloxacin (100%), Linezolid (100%) and Amikacin (100%). Twelve isolates of S. aureus were methicillin resistant, while 1 isolate was inducible clindamycin resistant. Of the 116 isolates identified in this study, forty-three (43) were multidrug resistant with highest number of multidrug resistant isolates from Staphylococcus aureus (n=20). 21.28% (n=10) of the Gram-negative isolates were positive for extended spectrum beta lactamases. Conclusion: A high rate of antimicrobial resistance is observed among microorganisms causing blood stream infections. This emphasizes the need for antimicrobial sensitivity testing in the management of blood stream infections.

scholarly journals Spectrum of non-fermenting gram negative bacilli isolated from patients with blood stream infections in a tertiary care hospital in North India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1762
Author(s):  
Asifa Nazir ◽  
Bushra Yousuf Peerzada ◽  
Ifshana Sana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are emerging as important causes of blood stream infections (BSI) and they are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. High intrinsic resistance of NFGNB to antimicrobial compounds makes the treatment of BSIs caused by them difficult and expensive. The aim of this study was to assess frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of non-fermenting gram-negative rods isolated from blood culture of patients.Methods: A total of 3016 blood samples were received in the Department of Microbiology during the study period. All samples were processed according to standard microbiological procedures. Blood culture was done by automated blood culture system, (BacT/Alert) and identification and antibiotic susceptibility of non-fermenting gram negative bacilli was done by VITEK2 Compact System.Results: A total of 120 NFGNB were identified out of which the most common non-fermenters isolated were Acinetobacter sp. (95) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11), Burkholderia cepacia (09) Sternotrophomonas maltophilia (03) and Sphingomonas sp. (02). Most of the non -fermenters were multi drug resistant showing a high level of antibiotic resistance to most of the first- and second-line drugs. The most effective drugs were colistin and tigecycline.Conclusions: This study underlines the need to identify NFGNB in tertiary care hospitals and to monitor their susceptibility pattern to guide the clinician for better care and management of patients. Improved antibiotic stewardship and strict infection control measures especially hand washing need to be implemented to prevent emergence and spread of multidrug resistant NFGNB in health care settings.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Response on Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections and Blood Culture Contamination Rates at a Tertiary Care Center in Greater Detroit Area

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jennifer LeRose ◽  
Avnish Sandhu ◽  
Jordan Polistico ◽  
Joe Ellsworth ◽  
Mara Cranis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Detroit Area ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A comparative retrospective study to quantify the impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patient safety. We found a statistically significant increase in central line-associated blood stream infections and blood culture contamination rates during the pandemic. Increased length of stay and mortality was also observed during COVID-19.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus prettenkoferi – biochemical properties, methods of species identification and clinical significance

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Blood Stream Infections

Staphylococcus pettenkoferi was first isolated from blood culture a 25-years-old patient with fever of unknown etiology. Based on the literature analysis, it was found that it is an opportunistic microorganism. It causes blood stream infections and was an causative agent of osteomyelitis. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a component of the human microbiome, was found in a hospital environment and was also isolated from animals and their surroundings.

scholarly journals Incidence of secondary blood stream infections in Covid 19 (SARS-nCoV II.) patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
Asmabanu Shaikh ◽  
Rachana Patel ◽  
Anant Marathe
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The symptomatology and severity of covid-19 ranges widely depending on stage of infection. Most of the patients with mild to moderate disease can be managed without hospitalization. The patients with risk factors are likely to progress to severe disease. Patients developing secondary blood stream infections require longer hospital stay and are likely to develop fatal disease. The antibiotic selection is key to successful treatment of secondary BSI. This is cross-sectional study of 166 COVID 19 patients admitted to ICU of Parul Sevashram Hospital who developed sepsis like syndrome and were subjected to blood culture.Blood cultures were performed of all the patients developing sepsis like syndrome. IDSA guidelines were followed during blood collection for culture. Blood cultures were monitored on automated blood culture system. ID and susceptibility of all the isolates were performed on automated system (VITEK 2).A total of 1915 patients were reported RT-PCR positive for SARS nCoV2 during the period of 1st March2020 to 30 October 2020. 452 patients needed hospitalization based on their Oxygen saturation and co-morbidities. Out of 452, 166 patients developed sepsis like syndrome and were subjected to blood culture. The Blood culture positivity was 37/166 (22.28%). Gram positive bacteria were found in 48.64% while gram negative bacteria were 43.24%. The Enterococcus was the most common Gram positive bacterial isolates in patients. Candida was isolated in 2/37 positive blood cultures. Gram negative bacteria were isolated mostly amongst those patients who were on Ventilator. Most of the Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Clindamycin, Linezolid, Vancomycin, Daptomycin and Teicoplanin.The incidence rate of BSI was high. Early secondary blood stream infections were mostly endogenous. Enterococcus was the most common amongst Gram positive bacteria. Gram negative secondary bacterial infections were more common with patients on ventilator. The susceptibility pattern would help in decision making of empiric antibiotic therapy. Interestingly as described by some authors earlier the relationship between SARS nCoV 2 and Enterococci needs to be studied further.

scholarly journals PATHOGENS CAUSING BLOOD STREAM INFECTIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1617-1623
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saeed ◽  
Farhan Rasheed ◽  
Fouzia Ashraf ◽  
Shagufta Iram ◽  
Shahida Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Gram Negative

Blood stream infections (BSI) remain a major cause of debility and death aroundthe world. BSI accounts for 10-20% of all Nosocomial infections. Empirical antimicrobials arebased on the susceptibility pattern of the pathogens isolated in a specific institute from timeto time. We have conducted this study only on cardiac Patients over two & half years of studyduration. Study design: Cross sectional study. Settings: Microbiology Department, Allama IqbalMedical College/Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Study Period: January 2013 to July 2015. Materials& Methods: A total of 5411 blood culture specimens were collected from cardiac patientsincluding patients admitted to cardiology ward, coronary care unit (CCU), pre-operative andpost-operative cardiac surgery patients. The bottles containing BHI broth were incubated andwere subcultured after 24 hours, 72 hours, 120 hours, and 168 hours on blood and MacConkeyagars. Isolates were further identified with the help of Gram staining, biochemical reactionsand rapid tests like catalase, oxidase, coagulase, Analytical Profile Index (API) 20E and API20NE. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolate was carried out on Mueller-Hinton agar byModified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique according to the isolate as per recommendationsof Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines 2013. Results: Out of total 5411patients, 3958(73.14%) were male, 1453(26.85%) were females. Out of total 5411 Specimens,only 486 (8.98%) were positive for bacterial growth. Out of total 486 positive blood cultures,261 (53.71%) were Gram positive isolates and 225 (46.29%) were Gram negative isolates.Out 486 positive blood cultures, 96 (19.75%) were from cardiology ward, 67 (13.78%) werefrom CCU, 113 (23.25%) were from pre operative cardiac surgery ward, 210 (43.20%) werefrom post operative cardiac surgery ward. Among Gram positives, Staphylococcus Specieswere most common organism isolated from 246 (50.61%) blood culture specimens. AmongGram negatives, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E.coli were predominant organisms, isolatedfrom 81(16.66%) and 72(14.81%) blood culture specimens respectively. Conclusion: GramPositive isolates were more common as compared to Gram negative isolates. Vancomycin andLinezolid were the most effective drugs among Gram positive isolates. Piperacillin-Tazobactamwas most potent antimicrobial against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For coli forms Tigecyclinewas most effective drug.

scholarly journals Bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of blood culture isolates from tertiary care level teaching hospital of Vijayapura district

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3974
Author(s):  
Raveendra D. Totad ◽  
Praveen Ganganahalli
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin

Background: Blood stream infections, ranging from self-limiting bacteraemia to life threatening septicaemia, remain one of the most important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Sepsis is a systemic illness caused by microbial invasion of normally sterile parts of the body. Bacteria isolated from blood stream infections are numerous and diseases related to them need urgent treatment with antimicrobial drugs. Aim was to study the bacteriological profile of positive blood cultures and to find their antibiotic sensitivity patternMethods: A retrospective analysis of positive blood culture reports was done in the microbiology laboratory of present tertiary care teaching hospital (Al-Ameen Medical College, Vijayapura) for the consecutive year 2017, 2018 and 2019.Results: Total 21% samples found positive on blood culture shows Staphylococcus aureus as most common organism followed by Klebseilla and E.Coli antibiotic sensitivity pattern shows maximum sensitive to gentamicin (92%) and vancomycin (92%) as maximum resistance to penicillin (55%). Gram-positive organisms show more resistance to penicillin and least to vancomycin whereas gram-negative organisms show more resistance to cephalosporin group of antibiotics and least resistance to ciprofloxacin/gentamicin.Conclusions: Resistance pattern of organisms to some commonly used drugs has given warning signal to clinicians to search for alternate effective antibiotics and hospital authorities to formulate antibiotic policy for rationale use of antibiotics to prevent drug resistance.

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