scholarly journals Effects of Overspeed or Overload Plyometric Training on Jump Height and Lifting Velocity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. E32-E38
Author(s):  
Nicolay Stien ◽  
Morten Strate ◽  
Vidar Andersen ◽  
Atle Hole Saeterbakken
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Mass Loading ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Training Modalities

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of overspeed or overload plyometric training on jump height and lifting velocity in resistance trained females without plyometric training experience. Fifty-six participants (age: 21.2±1.7 years; body mass: 65.1±8.2 kg; height: 168.0±5.9 cm) were randomly allocated to either an overspeed (n=18), overload (n=18), or passive control (n=16) group. The two training groups completed 18.7±1.7 sessions consisting of three different plyometric exercises with overspeed or overload over eight weeks. Apart from the external loading, the two training modalities were identical. Following the training period, the changes in the recorded variables were not significantly different from those in the control group, nor did the training groups differ from each other. The training groups improved peak and average lifting velocity in the 40 and 60% of body mass loading conditions (9.50–33.37%, p=<0.001–0.038), whereas only the average lifting velocity improved in the 80% of body mass loading condition (OS: 14.47%, p<0.001 and OL: 23.13%, p<0.001). No significant changes occurred in the control group (9.18–13.55%, P=0.062–0.980). Overspeed and overload plyometric training may be viable methods for improving lifting velocity, but not squat jump height, in a population without plyometric training experience.

scholarly journals Effect of Core Training on Trunk Flexor Musculature in Male Soccer Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (04) ◽  
pp. E147-E154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Takai ◽  
Miyuki Nakatani ◽  
Takuya Akamine ◽  
Katsuyuki Shiokawa ◽  
Daisuke Komori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Trunk Segment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Core Training ◽  
Training Modalities

AbstractThe present study aimed to elucidate the effect of core training on trunk flexor musculature in athletes. Twenty-eight collegiate male soccer players were randomly assigned to three groups: a training group that performed core exercises with wheeled platforms (WP), a training group that performed body mass-based core exercise (BME), and a control group that did not perform core exercise training (CON). WP and BME trained twice a week for 10 weeks. The WP performed 8–14 exercises with wheeled platforms. BME conducted four core exercises to failure. Before and after the intervention, trunk segment lean body mass (LBM) was measured using a whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. Muscle thicknesses (MTs) of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique, internal oblique (IO), and transverse abdominis were determined with an ultrasound apparatus. No significant changes for any measured variables were found in CON. In both training groups, the trunk segment LBM was significantly increased through the intervention. While MT for IO significantly increased in the two training groups, significant increases in MT for RA were found in only WP. For collegiate soccer players, the core training programs adopted here can be effective in increasing trunk segment LBM, but the effectiveness on the trunk flexor muscularity differs between the two training modalities.

scholarly journals Effects of plyometric and pull training on performance and selected strength characteristics of junior male weightlifter

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
İ. İnce ◽  
A. Şentürk
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Effects

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plyometric and pull training added an Olympic weightlifting training program (twice a week for 8 wk) on performance and selected strength characteristics in junior male weightlifter. Material: The participants [n = 34; age: 16.03 ± 0.9 y; mass: 74.78 ± 14.86 kg; height: 170.53 ± 6.81 cm] were randomized into a pull (n = 11), a plyometric (n = 12), and a control (n= 11) groups. The groups trained 6 days a week during the 8-week study period. The pull group performed four pull exercises and the plyometric group performed four plyometric exercises added to Olympic weightlifting program for 2 days a week, and the control group performed an Olympic weightlifting program alone. Analysis of variance and Magnitude-based inferences used to determine whether a significant difference existed among groups on snatch clean and jerk total (SCT), squat (SQ), back strength (BS), countermovement jump (CMJ), 30 sec. repeated jump height (RJH) and peak barbell velocity (PV). Results: The ANOVA showed a time × group interaction for SCT, BS and RJH. The MBI indicated positive changes for SCT in control group, for BS in pull group and for RJH in plyometric group. The results for the PV decrease in plyometric and pull group indicated no significant time × group interaction, but there was a significant main effects. ASK "Inserisci l'aim" \* MERGEFORMAT ASK \* MERGEFORMAT Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the addition of pull or plyometric training to an Olympic weightlifting program interfered with weightlifting performances.

scholarly journals PLYOMETRIC TRAINING AND SPRINT ABILITIES OF YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Nikola Aksović ◽  
Dragana Berić ◽  
Miodrag Kocić ◽  
Saša Jakovljević ◽  
Filip Milanović
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Sprint Speed ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Basketball Team ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of plyometric training on sprint abilities. Young basketball players (N=33, Age=15-16) from OKK "Stari Ras" and OKK "Novi Pazar" from Novi Pazar were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG, n=16; BH=185.45±8.75cm; BM=76.87±11.51kg) with training experience (TE=4.69 ±1.40 years) and a control group (CG; n=17; BH=184.16±6.93cm; BM=76.87±11.51kg) with training experience (TE=5.53±3.18 years). The EG was made up of the players from basketball team OKK "Stari Ras", who in addition to basketball trainings also took part in plyometric training. The CG was made up of the players from basketball team OKK "Novi Pazar", who at that time only took part in basketball trainings. To assess their sprint abilities, three tests were used: Sprint Speed at 5m (S5m), Sprint Speed at 10m (S10m), Sprint Speed at 20m (S20m). The measurement was done with the help of the photocells "Microgate", a parameter which was monitored and the processed time was read in 1/100s. The experimental program lasted for 10 weeks (2x per week). To determine the effect of plyometric training on the sprint abilities of young basketball players, the analysis of covariance ANCOVA was used. The results showed that the EG group achieved significantly greater progress than the CG group on the tests: S5m and S20m. There was no difference between the EG and CG group on the S10m test. Based on these results we concluded that plyometric training has positive effects on the development of sprint abilities in young basketball players.

scholarly journals PLYOMETRIC TRAINING IMPROVES SWIMMING PERFORMANCE IN RECREATIONALLY-TRAINED SWIMMERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-440
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cañas-Jamett ◽  
Julio Figueroa-Puig ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Marcelo Tuesta
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT Introduction: Plyometric training significantly improves strength performance, including in aquatic sports. Objective: To compare changes in thigh girth, hamstring flexibility, squat jump height, and 200m swimming trial time induced by plyometric training in recreationally-trained swimmers. Methods: Eighteen recreationally-trained male swimmers (age=18-20 years) were randomly divided into a plyometric training group (PTG) and a control group (CG). All the swimmers completed a six-week speed swimming training plan. In the PTG only, the last ~15 min of each session was replaced with plyometric exercises. The physical characteristics and the thigh girth were measured before and after the six weeks of training. In addition, sit-and-reach flexibility and squat jump tests were conducted, as well as a 200m swimming trial. Results: Two-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis revealed an increase in sit-and-reach flexibility (PRE: 4.5±5.3 cm; POST: 10.9±5.9 cm, p<0.01) and squat jump height (PRE: 24.9±3.7 cm; POST: 28.3±4.2 cm, p<0.01) and a decrease in 200m-swimming time (PRE: 220±26.5 sec; POST: 204±24.4 sec, p<0.01) for the PTG only. Comparing the absolute changes (post-pre) between the groups by the Student's t-test, the PTG showed a greater increase in distance reached in the sit-and-reach flexibility (PTG: 6.34±0.6 cm vs. CG: 2.4±1.2 cm, p<0.01) and squat jump height (PTG: 3.4±0.7 cm vs. CG: 0.7±0.3 cm, p<0.01) than the CG. In addition, the 200m swimming time decreased significantly more than in the CG (PTG: -15.1±2.4 sec vs. CG: -0.8±2.7 sec, p<0.01). Conclusion: Plyometric training improves jump height, flexibility, and 200m swimming performance in recreationally-trained adult swimmers. Level of Evidence II; Lesser quality RCT.

scholarly journals Effects of Elastic Band Plyometric Training on Physical Performance of Team Handball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1309
Author(s):  
Ghaith Aloui ◽  
Souhail Hermassi ◽  
Lawrence D. Hayes ◽  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Post Intervention

This project investigated the effect of incorporating 8 weeks of biweekly upper limb loaded plyometric training (using elastic bands) into the in-season regimen of handball players. Participants were randomly allocated to a control group (CG) (n = 15, age = 18.1 ± 0.5 years, body mass = 73.7 ± 13.9 kg), or an experimental group (EG) (n = 14, age = 17.7 ± 0.3 years, body mass = 76.8 ± 10.7 kg). The measurements obtained pre- and post-intervention included a cycle ergometer force–velocity test, ball throwing velocity in three types of throwing, one-repetition maximum (1-RM) bench press and pull-over, and anthropometric estimates of the upper limb muscle volumes. The EG improved in absolute muscle power (W) (Δ23.3%; interaction effect p = 0.032 more than pre-intervention), relative muscle power (W·kg−1) (Δ22.3%; interaction effect p = 0.024), and all three types of ball throwing (Δ18.6%, interaction effect p = 0.019 on a jumping shot; Δ18.6%, interaction effect p = 0.017 on a three-step running throw; and Δ19.1%, interaction effect p = 0.046 on a standing throw). There was no interaction effect for the 1-RM bench press and pull-over performance. The upper limb muscle volumes remained unchanged in both groups. We concluded that adding biweekly elastic band plyometric training to standard training improves the muscle power and throwing velocity. Accordingly, such exercises should be adopted as a part of a pragmatic approach to handball training.

scholarly journals Isolated Joint Block Progression Training Improves Leaping Performance in Dancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige E. Rice ◽  
Kiisa Nishikawa ◽  
Sophia Nimphius
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Joint Kinetics ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
Ankle Stiffness ◽  
Training Modalities ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week ankle-specific block progression training program on saut de chat leaping performance [leap height, peak power (PP), joint kinetics and kinematics], maximal voluntary isometric plantar flexion (MVIP) strength, and Achilles tendon (AT) stiffness. Dancers (training group n = 7, control group n = 7) performed MVIP at plantarflexed (10◦) and neutral ankle positions (0◦) followed by ramping isometric contractions equipped with ultrasound to assess strength and AT stiffness, respectively. Dancers also performed saut de chat leaps surrounded by 3-D motion capture atop force platforms to determine center of mass and joint kinematics and kinetics. The training group then followed a 12-week ankle-focused program including isometric, dynamic constant external resistance, accentuated eccentric loading, and plyometric training modalities, while the control group continued dancing normally. We found that the training group's saut de chat ankle PP (59.8%), braking ankle stiffness (69.6%), center of mass PP (11.4%), and leap height (12.1%) significantly increased following training. We further found that the training group's MVIP significantly increased at 10◦ (17.0%) and 0◦ (12.2%) along with AT stiffness (29.6%), while aesthetic leaping measures were unchanged (peak split angle, mean trunk angle, trunk angle range). Ankle-specific block progression training appears to benefit saut de chat leaping performance, PP output, ankle-joint kinetics, maximal strength, and AT stiffness, while not affecting kinematic aesthetic measures. We speculate that the combined training blocks elicited physiological changes and enhanced neuromuscular synchronization for increased saut de chat leaping performance in this cohort of dancers.

scholarly journals The effect of aquatic and land plyometric training on the vertical jump and delayed onset muscle soreness in brazilian soccer players

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Tavares Fonseca ◽  
Rodolfo De Alkmim Moreira Nunes ◽  
Juliana Brandão Pinto de Castro ◽  
Vicente Pinheiro Lima ◽  
Sérgio Gregorio Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

AbstractPurpose. To compare the effects of aquatic and land plyometric training on the vertical jump (VJ) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in soccer players. Methods. Twenty-four male soccer players aged 16-18 years (16.53 ± 0.5 years) were randomly divided into three groups: aquatic plyometric training (APT) (n = 8; age: 16.4 ± 0.4 years; body mass: 68.3 ± 7.54 kg; height: 179.75 ± 8.13 cm); land plyometric training (LPT) (n = 8; age: 16.5 ± 0.5 years; body mass: 68.2 ± 7.8 kg; height: 177.0 ± 7.4 cm); and control group (n = 8; age: 16.7 ± 0.6 years; body mass: 61.2 ± 6.5 kg; height: 171.43 ± 5.75 cm), not performing any jump program. An identical training program was applied for 6 weeks, totalling 944 jumps. The VJ was evaluated on a leap jump platform and the Visual Analogue Scale measured the change in DOMS perception. Results. There was a significant increase in the VJ height in both experimental groups (LPT and APT) (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in DOMS perception was verified for the APT group in comparison with the LPT group (p < 0.05) between the first and last week of training. The foot contact time significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the APT group from pre- to posttest. Significant improvements (p < 0.05) were observed in the flight time and jump speed from pre- to post-test in both LPT and APT groups. Conclusions. APT can increase the VJ height and reduce DOMS perception in soccer players.

scholarly journals Transference of Traditional Versus Complex Strength and Power Training to Sprint Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irineu Loturco ◽  
Valmor Tricoli ◽  
Hamilton Roschel ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Cesar Cavinato Cal Abad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
Training Models

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effects of two different strength-power training models on sprint performance. Forty-eight soldiers of the Brazilian brigade of special operations with at least one year of army training experience were divided into a control group (CG: n = 15, age: 20.2 ± 0.7 years, body height: 1.74 ± 0.06 m, and body mass: 66.7 ± 9.8 kg), a traditional training group (TT: n = 18, age: 20.1 ± 0.7 years, body height: 1.71 ± 0.05 m, and body mass: 64.2 ± 4.7 kg), and a complex training group (CT: n = 15, age: 20.3 ± 0.8 years, body height: 1.71 ± 0.07 m; and body mass: 64.0 ± 8.8 kg). Maximum strength (25% and 26%), CMJ height (36% and 39%), mean power (30% and 35%) and mean propulsive power (22% and 28%) in the loaded jump squat exercise, and 20-m sprint speed (16% and 14%) increased significantly (p<0.05) following the TT and CT, respectively. However, the transfer effect coefficients (TEC) of strength and power performances to 20-m sprint performance following the TT were greater than the CT throughout the 9-week training period. Our data suggest that TT is more effective than CT to improve sprint performance in moderately trained subjects.

ZINC IN THE RATIONS OF CALVES

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Zinc Compounds ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Zinc Salts ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hair Cortex

According to the Tambovagrochemcenter data, zinc deficiency in animal rations exceeds 33%. To de-termine the efficiency of ration additives 3 groups of calves were formed, one of which was control and received regular feed, first test group received additional Zinc Sulphate, and second test group received additional Zinc Bioplex. To assess the results, we take into account the following values: chemical com-position and nutritional values of the feed, body mass value, amount of immunoglobulins in blood, bio-chemical and hematological values of blood, morphological values of fur and skin. Noticeable results were achieved in 4 months, with first and second test groups receiving accordingly 3,15% and 6,13% more body mass increase over the control group. A tendency towards higher albumin concentration in both test groups was noted, and calves of the second test group had higher amounts of hemoglobin and higher concentrations of it per erythrocyte. In samples of epidermis and hairs of the second test group the papillary layer was well developed, with the amount of hair and hair follicles exceeding 7 in the field of view, with the thickness of hairs being at least 70 μm. Inner papilla of hair contained 6 to 8 layers of hair, thickness of awn hairs reaching 80-90 μm, down hairs reaching 40 μm, with the hair cortex making up more than 80% of the hair thickness. Thus, introducing zinc salts and chelated zinc compounds to the milk-fed calves’ ration, has resulted in monetary profit increases over the control group by 255,0 and 612,0 roubles accordingly. By all researched values, the highest results were reached from adding zinc bioplex with approximately 360 mg added per animal for the entire duration of the growth process.

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

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