A Case Series of 25 Dogs with Chondrosarcoma

1992 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Brash ◽  
M. A. O. Atilola ◽  
Joanne Cockshutt ◽  
Anne Sylvestre
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Histological Grading ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Radiographic Changes ◽  
Made In

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to examine clinical, radiographic and histological features as well as post-diagnosis survival times of 25 dogs with chrondrosarcoma (CS). The diagnoses were made on histological evaluation of surgical biopsies or post-mortem specimens. Mixed breed dogs were found to be at higher risk.Chondrosarcoma of the proximal humerus was the most difficult to diagnose, clinically resembling a nerve sheath tumour and offering few gross abnormalities or radiographic changes. Chrondrosarcoma was transarticular in one case.The histological grading used was not well correlated with survival times; location of the CS seemed to be a better indicator of prognosis. Dogs with CS on a limb had the best survival rates, whereas those with CS of the vertebrae had the worst outcome. Surgery was beneficial in the cases of CS located on facial bones and limbs.The purpose of this paper was to examine the clinical and diagnostic features and survival rates of dogs with chondrosarcoma (CS). Histological diagnoses were made in all cases, mixed breeds were over represented. The location of the tumour was a better prognostic indicator than the histological grading. Dogs with CS on a limb had the longest survival times.

scholarly journals A review of malignant pleural mesothelioma in a large North East UK pleural centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan C. Murphy ◽  
Alexander Mount ◽  
Fiona Starkie ◽  
Leah Taylor ◽  
Avinash Aujayeb
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Pleural Thickening ◽  
North East ◽  
Total Cohort ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
One Year

AbstractObjectivesThe National Mesothelioma Audit 2020 showed Northumbria to have low rates of histopathological confirmation, treatment and one-year survival rates for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We hypothesized that an internal analysis over a 10-year period provides valuable insights into presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes.MethodsA single-centre retrospective case series of all confirmed MPM patients between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2019 was performed. Demographics, clinical, radiological and histopathological characteristics and outcomes were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V26.0.ResultsA total of 247 patients had MPM. About 86% were male, mean age 75.7 years. Dyspnoea (77.4%) and chest pain (38.5%) were commonest symptoms. 64.9 and 71.4% had pleural thickening and effusion, respectively. About 86.8% had at least one attempt to obtain a tissue biopsy, but histopathological confirmation in only 108 (43.7%). About 66.3% with PS 0 and 1 (62.7% of total cohort) had at least one anti-cancer therapy. Death within 12 months was associated with disease progression within 6 months (p≤0.001). Chemotherapy (p≤0.001) and epithelioid histological subtype (p=0.01) were protective.ConclusionsThis study confirms known epidemiology of MPM, demonstrates variability in practices and highlights how some NMA recommendations are not met. This provides the incentive for a regional mesothelioma multi-disciplinary meeting.

scholarly journals Impact of SARS-COV-2 Pandemic on Kidney Cancer Management

Kidney Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Melissa Bersanelli ◽  
Camillo Porta
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Blockade ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Cancer Management

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still has a huge impact on the management of many chronic diseases such as cancer. Few data are presently available reagarding how the management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has changed due to this unprecedented situation. Objective: To discuss the challenges and issues of the diagnosis and treatment of RCC in the COVID-19 era, and to provide recommendations based on the collected literature and our personal experience. Methods: Systematic review of the available Literature regarding the management of RCC during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Results: Our review showed a prevalence of narrative publications, raising the issue of the real relevance of the evidence retrieved. Indeed, the only original data about RCC and COVID-19 found were a small retrospective case series and two surveys, providing either patients’ or physicians’ viewpoints. Conclusions: The expected delayed diagnosis of RCC could lead to an increase of advanced/metastatic cases; thus, proper therapeutic choices for patients with small renal masses should be carefully evaluated case by case, in order to avoid negative effects on long-term survival rates. The controversial interaction between immune checkpoint blockade and COVID-19 pathogenesis is more hypothetical than evidence-based, and thus immunotherapy should not be denied, whenever appropriate. To avoid treatments which won’t have an impact on patients’ survival, a honest and accurate evaluation of the cost/benefit ratio of each treatment option should be always performed. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 swab positivity should not prevent the continuation of ongoing active treatments in asymptomatic cases, or or after symptoms’ resolution.

Phase I Study of Fludarabine Plus Cyclophosphamide in Patients With Previously Untreated Low-Grade Lymphoma: Results and and Long-Term Follow-Up—A Report From the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard S. Hochster ◽  
Martin M. Oken ◽  
Jane N. Winter ◽  
Leo I. Gordon ◽  
Bruce G. Raphael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free

PURPOSE: To determine the toxicity and recommended phase II doses of the combination of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide in chemotherapy-naive patients with low-grade lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Previously untreated patients with low-grade lymphoma were entered onto dosing cohorts of four patients each. The cyclophosphamide dose, given on day 1, was increased from 600 to 1,000 mg/m2. Fludarabine 20 mg/m2 was administered on days 1 through 5. The first eight patients were treated every 21 days; later patients were treated every 28 days. Prophylactic antibiotics were required. RESULTS: Prolonged cytopenia and pulmonary toxicity each occurred in three of eight patients treated every 3 weeks. The 19 patients treated every 28 days, who were given granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as indicated, did not have undue nonhematologic toxicity. Dose-limiting toxicity was hematologic. At the recommended phase II/III dose (cyclophosphamide 1,000 mg/m2), grade 4 neutropenia was observed in 17% of all cycles and 31% of first cycles. Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia was seen in only 1% of all cycles. The median number of cycles per patient was six (range, two to 11) for all patients enrolled. The response rate was 100% of 27 patients entered; 89% achieved a complete and 11% a partial response. Nineteen of 22 patients with bone marrow involvement had clearing of the marrow. Median duration of follow-up was more than 5 years; median overall and disease-free survival times have not been reached. Kaplan-Meier estimated 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 66% and 53%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The recommended dosing for this combination in patients with previously untreated low-grade lymphoma is cyclophosphamide 1,000 mg/m2 day 1 and fludarabine 20 mg/m2 days 1 through 5. The regimen has a high level of activity, with prolonged complete remissions providing 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates as high as those reported for other therapeutic approaches in untreated patients.

scholarly journals Phases 1–3 Clinical Trials Using Adult Stem Cells in Osteonecrosis and Nonunion Fractures

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Hauzeur ◽  
Valérie Gangji
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Necrosis ◽  
Concentrated Bone Marrow ◽  
Made In

Nonunion fractures and aseptic bone necrosis are two pathological conditions having some impairment of the cellular part of the repair: a reduction of MSC and of the osteoblastic activation. Both are good candidates for cell-based therapies using stem cells. We made a review of the published human trials. Only autologous bone marrow aspirate implantation was until now used. In Nonunion, a direct injection—15 to 150 ml—was made in 4 case series studies. In another, the bone marrow aspirate was concentrated before injection. The results were good. In bone necrosis, only one level 1 study was published. The results at 24 months were positive in terms of reduction of the necrosis and appearance of collapse. In 3 case series studies, a treatment with concentrated bone marrow aspirates was deemed useful with good results in 76 to 96%. These results are interesting but need confirmation by controlled studies.

scholarly journals Survival Among Patients With Pancreatic Cancer and Long-Standing or Recent-Onset Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yuan ◽  
Douglas A. Rubinson ◽  
Zhi Rong Qian ◽  
Chen Wu ◽  
Peter Kraft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Long-standing diabetes is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and recent-onset diabetes in the several years before diagnosis is a consequence of subclinical pancreatic malignancy. However, the impact of diabetes on survival is largely unknown. Patients and Methods We analyzed survival by diabetes status among 1,006 patients diagnosed from 1986 to 2010 from two prospective cohort studies: the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). We validated our results among 386 patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2013 from a clinic-based case series at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, diagnosis year, and cancer stage. Results In NHS and HPFS, HR for death was 1.40 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.69) for patients with long-term diabetes (> 4 years) compared with those without diabetes (P < .001), with median survival times of 3 months for long-term diabetics and 5 months for nondiabetics. Adjustment for a propensity score to reduce confounding by comorbidities did not change the results. Among DFCI patient cases, HR for death was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.07 to 2.20) for those with long-term diabetes compared with those without diabetes (P = .02), with median survival times of 9 months for long-term diabetics and 13 months for nondiabetics. Compared with nondiabetics, survival times were shorter for long-term diabetics who used oral hypoglycemics or insulin. We observed no statistically significant association of recent-onset diabetes (< 4 years) with survival. Conclusion Long-standing diabetes was associated with statistically significantly decreased survival among patients with pancreatic cancer enrolled onto three longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals The Tail Wagging the Dog (or the Challenges Faced When the Financing of Medicine Gets Ahead of the Science of Medicine)

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Viral Culture ◽  
Diagnostic Decision ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Diagnostic Decision Making ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTIn their article in this issue of theJournal of Clinical Microbiology, S. R. Dominguez et al. (J Clin Microbiol 56:e00632-18, 2018,https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00632-18) describe the performance of PCR detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA versus viral culture in skin and mucosal samples from 7 neonates with HSV disease. This is a significant contribution to our understanding of the optimal diagnostic approach in babies being evaluated for neonatal HSV disease. Many diagnostic laboratories already have made the change to molecular diagnostics for skin and mucosal swab testing, however, in large part due to the labor costs associated with viral cultures. Thus, important studies such as this one are being conducted to support a decision that has already been made in many locations on mostly economic grounds. This small case series supports the decision to use molecular testing for samples from skin and mucosal sites, but larger studies are needed to more fully define the performance characteristics of PCR in this population. Since a false-positive result would commit a baby to months of management that would be unnecessary and have potential harm, it is critical to base diagnostic decision making on data that support the use of a specific test.

scholarly journals Invasive tracheal neoplasia in eight cats: descriptive cases and review of the current literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511691769007 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Howard ◽  
Jade Fisher ◽  
M Katherine Tolbert
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tracheal Tumors

Case series summary This case series describes eight cases of invasive tracheal neoplasia that were recognized between the years 1989 and 2014 from a single tertiary referral hospital. This is a disproportionately high number of cases compared with the total number of reports in the current literature. Relevance and novel information Invasive tracheal neoplasia is uncommonly diagnosed in domestic cats. Feline tracheal tumors mimic other upper respiratory diseases making diagnosis challenging. Prognosis is guarded to grave, with most cats surviving less than 1 month after beginning treatment. Severe respiratory distress in cats often warrants humane euthanasia. Appropriate clinical suspicion and awareness can expedite diagnoses leading to prolonged survival rates with appropriate treatments. This case series represents the largest number of feline tracheal tumors reported and also describes the first unique histological presentation of what the authors believe to be a poorly differentiated tracheal carcinoma.

scholarly journals Relationship between tumor grade and geometrical complexity in prostate cancer

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Llanos Pérez ◽  
Eduardo Tejera Puente ◽  
Elena Izquierdo Kulich ◽  
Juvencio A Betancourt MAr ◽  
Manuel Nistal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Gleason Grade ◽  
Therapy Planning ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
Geometrical Complexity ◽  
Architectural Patterns

Prostate cancer exhibits high mathematical complexity due to the disruption of tissue architecture. An important part of the diagnostic of prostate tumor samples is the histological evaluation of cellular and glandular organization. The Gleason grade and score, a commonly used prognostic indicator of patient outcome, is based on the match of glandular architectural patterns with standard patterns. Unfortunately, the subjective nature of visual grading leads to variations in scoring by different pathologists. We proposed the fractal dimension of the lumen and the Lempel-Zip complexity of the histopathological patterns as useful descriptors aiding pathologist to standardize histological classification and thus prognosis and therapy planning.

scholarly journals Late Effects and Survivorship Issues in Patients with Neuroblastoma

Children ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Friedman ◽  
Tara Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Late Effects ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excess Morbidity ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Impaired Quality ◽  
Made In

Over the past two decades, marked progress has been made in understanding the biology of neuroblastoma; this has led to refined risk stratification and treatment modifications with resultant increasing 5-year survival rates for children with neuroblastoma. Survivors, however, remain at risk for a wide variety of potential treatment-related complications, or “late effects”, which may lead to excess morbidity and premature mortality in this cohort. This review summarizes the existing survivorship literature on long-term health outcomes for survivors of neuroblastoma, focusing specifically on potential injury to the endocrine, sensory, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems, as well as survivors’ treatment-related risk for subsequent neoplasms and impaired quality of life. Additional work is needed to assess the potential late effects of newer multimodality therapies with the aim of optimizing long-term medical and psychosocial outcomes for all survivors of neuroblastoma.

scholarly journals A novel isoform of ATOH8 promotes the metastasis of breast cancer by regulating RhoC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyao Xu ◽  
Shan Huang ◽  
Xiaoli Dong ◽  
Yanan Chen ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Made In

Abstract Metastases are the main cause of cancer-related mortality in breast cancer. Although significant progress has been made in the field of tumor metastasis, the exact molecular mechanisms involved in tumor metastasis are still unclear. Here, we report that ATOH8-V1, a novel isoform of ATOH8, is highly expressed in breast cancer and is a negative prognostic indicator of survival for patients. Forced expression of ATOH8-V1 dramatically enhances, while silencing of ATOH8-V1 decreases the metastasis of breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, ATOH8-V1 directly binds to the RhoC promoter and stimulates the expression of RhoC, which in turn enhances the metastasis of breast cancer. Altogether, our data demonstrate that ATOH8-V1 is a novel pro-metastatic factor that enhances cancer metastasis, suggesting that ATOH8-V1 is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of metastatic cancers.

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