scholarly journals Molecular Binding Ratio of Anti-Factor VIII to Purified Factor VIII.

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. Cockburn ◽  
Diana M.L. Reay ◽  
R.M. Hardisty
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Coomassie Brilliant Blue ◽  
Molecular Binding ◽  
Agarose Gels ◽  
Coomassie Brilliant

A simple method has been developed for cutting washed FVIII:anti-FVIII immunoprecipitates from agarose gels and applying the SDS-denatured, reduced protein to SDS-polyacrylamide gels. The relative amounts of IgG heavy and light chains and FVIII have been quantitated by recording the areas under the densitometer traces of the Coomassie brilliant blue-stained gels. The results show that approximately 20 molecules of anti-FVIII bind per 200,000 daltons of native FVIII. We conclude from this that the factor VIII subunits hava a high surface-area-to-volume ratio.

scholarly journals Silver Nanomaterials for Wound Dressing Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Dharshini Krishnan ◽  
Dominik Banas ◽  
Ramya Devi Durai ◽  
Daniil Kabanov ◽  
Bozena Hosnedlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Thermal Synthesis ◽  
Silver Nanomaterials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Membrane Immobilization

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have recently become very attractive for the scientific community due to their broad spectrum of applications in the biomedical field. The main advantages of AgNPs include a simple method of synthesis, a simple way to change their morphology and high surface area to volume ratio. Much research has been carried out over the years to evaluate their possible effectivity against microbial organisms. The most important factors which influence the effectivity of AgNPs against microorganisms are the method of their preparation and the type of application. When incorporated into fabric wound dressings and other textiles, AgNPs have shown significant antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and inhibited biofilm formation. In this review, the different routes of synthesizing AgNPs with controlled size and geometry including chemical, green, irradiation and thermal synthesis, as well as the different types of application of AgNPs for wound dressings such as membrane immobilization, topical application, preparation of nanofibers and hydrogels, and the mechanism behind their antimicrobial activity, have been discussed elaborately.

Facile Synthesis of Cu2O nanoparticle-loaded Carbon Nanotubes Composite Catalysts for Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Feng ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Juanjuan Yin ◽  
Fangke Zhan ◽  
Kaiyue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Composite Catalysts ◽  
Cu2o Nanoparticles

Background: 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is one of the pollutants in sewage and harmful to human health and the environment. Cu is a non-noble metal with catalytic reduction effect on nitro compounds, and.has the advantages of simple preparation, abundant reserves, and low price. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are widely used for substrate due to their excellent mechanical stability and high surface area. In this study, a simple method to prepare CNT-Cu2O by controlling different reaction time was reported. The prepared nanocomposites were used to catalyze 4-NP. Methods: CNTs and CuCl2 solution were put into a beaker, and then ascorbic acid and NaOH were added while continuously stirring. The reaction was carried out for a sufficiently long period of time at 60°C. The prepared samples were dried in a vacuum at 50°C for 48 h after washing with ethyl alcohol and deionized water. Results: Nanostructures of these composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy techniques, and the results at a magnification of 200 nanometers showed that Cu2O was distributed on the surface of the CNTs. In addition, X-ray diffraction was performed to further confirm the formation of Cu2O nanoparticles. The results of ultraviolet spectrophotometry showed that the catalytic effect of the compound on 4-NP was obvious. Conclusions: CNTs acted as a huge template for loading Cu2O nanoparticles, which could improve the stability and cycle performance of Cu2O. The formation of nanoparticles was greatly affected by temperature and the appropriate concentration, showing great reducibility for the 4-NP reduction reaction.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers for Sensing and Biosensing Applications—A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6357
Author(s):  
Kinga Halicka ◽  
Joanna Cabaj
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Different Types

Sensors and biosensors have found applications in many areas, e.g., in medicine and clinical diagnostics, or in environmental monitoring. To expand this field, nanotechnology has been employed in the construction of sensing platforms. Because of their properties, such as high surface area to volume ratio, nanofibers (NFs) have been studied and used to develop sensors with higher loading capacity, better sensitivity, and faster response time. They also allow to miniaturize designed platforms. One of the most commonly used techniques of the fabrication of NFs is electrospinning. Electrospun NFs can be used in different types of sensors and biosensors. This review presents recent studies concerning electrospun nanofiber-based electrochemical and optical sensing platforms for the detection of various medically and environmentally relevant compounds, including glucose, drugs, microorganisms, and toxic metal ions.

scholarly journals Design Considerations for Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES): A Review with Emphasis on Convective Heat Transfer

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Skarphagen ◽  
David Banks ◽  
Bjørn S. Frengstad ◽  
Harald Gether
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Conductive Heat ◽  
Geological Environment

Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) exploits the high volumetric heat capacity of rock-forming minerals and pore water to store large quantities of heat (or cold) on a seasonal basis in the geological environment. The BTES is a volume of rock or sediment accessed via an array of borehole heat exchangers (BHE). Even well-designed BTES arrays will lose a significant quantity of heat to the adjacent and subjacent rocks/sediments and to the surface; both theoretical calculations and empirical observations suggest that seasonal thermal recovery factors in excess of 50% are difficult to obtain. Storage efficiency may be dramatically reduced in cases where (i) natural groundwater advection through the BTES removes stored heat, (ii) extensive free convection cells (thermosiphons) are allowed to form, and (iii) poor BTES design results in a high surface area/volume ratio of the array shape, allowing high conductive heat losses. The most efficient array shape will typically be a cylinder with similar dimensions of diameter and depth, preferably with an insulated top surface. Despite the potential for moderate thermal recovery, the sheer volume of thermal storage that the natural geological environment offers can still make BTES a very attractive strategy for seasonal thermal energy storage within a “smart” district heat network, especially when coupled with more efficient surficial engineered dynamic thermal energy stores (DTES).

Total protein determined in human breast milk by use of coomassie brilliant blue and centrifugal analysis.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2127-2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Bergqvist ◽  
L Karlsson ◽  
L Fohlin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Coomassie Brilliant Blue ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
Coomassie Brilliant

Abstract This simple method of centrifugal analysis for total protein in human breast milk is based on the change in the wavelength of the absorbance maximum of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 when the dye is bound to protein. Within-run and between-day CVs were 3.8% and 4.8%, respectively. Compared with a micro-Kjeldahl method for determination of total nitrogen, the coefficient of correlation was 0.99.

Biological weathering in soil: the role of symbiotic root-associated fungi biosensing minerals and directing photosynthate-energy into grain-scale mineral weathering

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Leake ◽  
A. L. Duran ◽  
K. E. Hardy ◽  
I. Johnson ◽  
D. J. Beerling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Mycorrhizal Associations ◽  
P Content ◽  
Biological Weathering

AbstractBiological weathering is a function of biotic energy expenditure. Growth and metabolism of organisms generates acids and chelators, selectively absorbs nutrient ions, and applies turgor pressure and other physical forces which, in concert, chemically and physically alter minerals. In unsaturated soil environments, plant roots normally form symbiotic mycorrhizal associations with fungi. The plants provide photosynthate-carbohydrate-energy to the fungi in return for nutrients absorbed from the soil and released from minerals. In ectomycorrhiza, one of the two major types of mycorrhiza of trees, roots are sheathed in fungus, and 15—30% of the net photosynthate of the plants passes through these fungi into the soil and virtually all of the water and nutrients taken up by the plants are supplied through the fungi. Here we show that ectomycorrhizal fungi actively forage for minerals and act as biosensors that discriminate between different grain sizes (53—90 μm, 500—1000 μm) and different minerals (apatite, biotite, quartz) to favour grains with a high surface-area to volume ratio and minerals with the highest P content. Growth and carbon allocation of the fungi is preferentially directed to intensively interact with these selected minerals to maximize resource foraging.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Biocompatible Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edit Hirsch ◽  
Márió Nacsa ◽  
Ferenc Ender ◽  
Miklós Mohai ◽  
Zsombor K. Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Surface Characteristic ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Plasma Surface Treatment ◽  
Nanoscale Fibers ◽  
Solution Electrospinning

Nanoscale fibers were prepared for the fabrication of scaffolds by using a strong electrostatic field on the polymer solution. Electrospinning is widely applied for production of drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine systems as well as biosensors and enzyme immobilization. Nanofibers, thanks to their high surface area to volume ratio, can also mimic the extracellular matrix, thus it has been recognized as a suitable technique for the fast fabrication of scaffolds. This article demonstrates the fabrication of several nanofibrous scaffolds from biopolymers such as polycaprolactone, poly(lactic acid), poly(lactide-co-glycolide), poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxy valerate). The characterization and comparison of the scaffolds were achieved based on the morphology and surface characteristic of the nanofibers. The samples showed hydrophobic characteristic, thus a plasma surface treatment was applied successfully to increase hydrophilicity and the effect of the treatment was evaluated based on the wettability and the change in elemental composition of the surface based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Fabrication of Hybrid Cell-Microbead Constructs Using Laser Direct-Write of Alginate Microbeads and Adherent Breast Cancer Cells

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Dias ◽  
David M. Kingsley ◽  
Douglas B. Chrisey ◽  
David T. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Laser Direct Write

Microbeads are becoming popular tools in tissue engineering as 3D microstructure hydrogels. The gel nature of microbeads enables them to sequester soluble factors and mammalian cells, and their high surface area-to-volume ratio allows diffusion between the bead and the environment [1,2]. Microbeads are thus good systems for drug delivery and can serve as 3D microenvironments for cells. To fully maximize their potential as delivery systems and microenvironments, it is highly desirable to create spatially-precise hybrid cultures of microbeads and mammalian cells. Precise placement of microbeads in proximity to patterned cells will allow the study of spatial cellular interactions, paracrine signaling, and drug delivery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document