Fabrication of Hybrid Cell-Microbead Constructs Using Laser Direct-Write of Alginate Microbeads and Adherent Breast Cancer Cells

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Dias ◽  
David M. Kingsley ◽  
Douglas B. Chrisey ◽  
David T. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Laser Direct Write

Microbeads are becoming popular tools in tissue engineering as 3D microstructure hydrogels. The gel nature of microbeads enables them to sequester soluble factors and mammalian cells, and their high surface area-to-volume ratio allows diffusion between the bead and the environment [1,2]. Microbeads are thus good systems for drug delivery and can serve as 3D microenvironments for cells. To fully maximize their potential as delivery systems and microenvironments, it is highly desirable to create spatially-precise hybrid cultures of microbeads and mammalian cells. Precise placement of microbeads in proximity to patterned cells will allow the study of spatial cellular interactions, paracrine signaling, and drug delivery.

Role of Gold Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nadeem Lone ◽  
Irshad Ahmad Wani ◽  
Gulam Nabi Yatoo ◽  
Zubaid U-Khazir ◽  
Javid Ahmad Banday
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Photothermal Effect ◽  
Intracellular Release ◽  
High Dispersity

Among various nanoparticles (NPs), gold nanoparticles (GNPs) gained valuable attention in the field of medicine because of some unique properties like small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio, inert nature, stability, high dispersity, non-cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. These NPs are evolving as promising agents especially in drug carriers, cancer therapy, and constantly being exploring as photothermal agents, contrast agents, and radiosensitisers. Besides, GNPs interact with thiols that provides an effective and selective means of controlled intracellular release. At the present, cancer patients are increasing rapidly at national and international levels. In this chapter, efforts have taken to highlight the importance of GNPs, their critical mediation in drug delivery, as sensors for probing and imaging tumors and anti-angiogenesis. More importantly, this short piece of analysis highlights the photothermal effect of GNPs in therapy and as radiosensitizers. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of GNP's in cancer management are also discussed.

scholarly journals Electrospinning Nanotechnology-A Robust Method for Preparation of Nanofibers for Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Application.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
Bhadarge Meghana ◽  
Dhas Umesh ◽  
Shirode Abhay ◽  
Kadam Vilasrao
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Theoretical Principle ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application

Nanotechnology has evolved as a preferred choice in current research arena due to the advantages offered by it. The current research in pharmaceutical development is all about exploring and/or adopting different approaches for preparation of nanostructured drug delivery systems. Electrospinning nanotechnology has made its mark as a technology of choice for preparation of nanofibers for different applications. Electrospinning is a novel, robust and efficient fabrication process that is widely accepted and used to assemble nanofibers with distinct features such as length of several kilometers and diameter less than 300 nm. One of the most striking features of nanofibers is that they provide exceptionally high surface area-to-volume ratio and high porosity, making them a robust and attractive candidate for many advanced applications. Many researchers working on development of medicinal and pharmaceutical product design and development have reported their studies indicating successful implementation of electrospinning nanotechnology for preparation of nanofibers with distinct medicinal and pharmaceutical drug delivery applications. Authors of this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of electrospinning method for preparation of nanofibers with respect to theoretical principle, mechanics of electrospinning, critical process parameters, polymers and drug loaded nanofibers incorporated in different drug delivery systems for various pharmaceutical application.  

Functionalized Nano-graphene Oxide as Multi-modal Clinic for Effective Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3768-3771
Author(s):  
Soumitra Satapathi ◽  
Rutusmita Mishra ◽  
Manisha Chatterjee ◽  
Partha Roy ◽  
Somesh Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Graphene Derivatives ◽  
Nano Graphene

Nano-materials based drug delivery modalities to specific organs and tissues has become one of the critical endeavors in pharmaceutical research. Recently, two-dimensional graphene has elicited considerable research interest because of its potential application in drug delivery systems. Here we report, the drug delivery applications of PEGylated nano-graphene oxide (nGO-PEG), complexed with a multiphoton active and anti-cancerous diarylheptanoid drug curcumin. Specifically, graphene-derivatives were used as nanovectors for the delivery of the hydrophobic anticancer drug curcumin due to its high surface area and easy surface functionalization. nGO was synthesized by modified Hummer’s method and confirmed by XRD analysis. The formation of nGO, nGO-PEG and nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex were monitored through UV-vis, IR spectroscopy. MTT assay and AO/EB staining found that nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex afforded highly potent cancer cell killing in vitro with a human breast cancer cell line MCF7.

Lawsone Derived Zn (II) and Fe (III) Metal Organic Frameworks with pH Dependent Emission for Controlled Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirajunnisa P ◽  
Liz Hannah George ◽  
Narayanapillai Manoj ◽  
Prathapan S ◽  
G.S. Sailaja
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Porous Carriers ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Ph Dependent

Fluorescent biocompatible porous carriers have been investigated as suitable probes for drug delivery and sensing applications owing to their intrinsic fluorescence and high surface area originating from their porous structure...

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers for Sensing and Biosensing Applications—A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6357
Author(s):  
Kinga Halicka ◽  
Joanna Cabaj
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Different Types

Sensors and biosensors have found applications in many areas, e.g., in medicine and clinical diagnostics, or in environmental monitoring. To expand this field, nanotechnology has been employed in the construction of sensing platforms. Because of their properties, such as high surface area to volume ratio, nanofibers (NFs) have been studied and used to develop sensors with higher loading capacity, better sensitivity, and faster response time. They also allow to miniaturize designed platforms. One of the most commonly used techniques of the fabrication of NFs is electrospinning. Electrospun NFs can be used in different types of sensors and biosensors. This review presents recent studies concerning electrospun nanofiber-based electrochemical and optical sensing platforms for the detection of various medically and environmentally relevant compounds, including glucose, drugs, microorganisms, and toxic metal ions.

scholarly journals Design Considerations for Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES): A Review with Emphasis on Convective Heat Transfer

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Skarphagen ◽  
David Banks ◽  
Bjørn S. Frengstad ◽  
Harald Gether
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Conductive Heat ◽  
Geological Environment

Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) exploits the high volumetric heat capacity of rock-forming minerals and pore water to store large quantities of heat (or cold) on a seasonal basis in the geological environment. The BTES is a volume of rock or sediment accessed via an array of borehole heat exchangers (BHE). Even well-designed BTES arrays will lose a significant quantity of heat to the adjacent and subjacent rocks/sediments and to the surface; both theoretical calculations and empirical observations suggest that seasonal thermal recovery factors in excess of 50% are difficult to obtain. Storage efficiency may be dramatically reduced in cases where (i) natural groundwater advection through the BTES removes stored heat, (ii) extensive free convection cells (thermosiphons) are allowed to form, and (iii) poor BTES design results in a high surface area/volume ratio of the array shape, allowing high conductive heat losses. The most efficient array shape will typically be a cylinder with similar dimensions of diameter and depth, preferably with an insulated top surface. Despite the potential for moderate thermal recovery, the sheer volume of thermal storage that the natural geological environment offers can still make BTES a very attractive strategy for seasonal thermal energy storage within a “smart” district heat network, especially when coupled with more efficient surficial engineered dynamic thermal energy stores (DTES).

scholarly journals Metal-Organic Framework-Based Engineered Materials—Fundamentals and Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Rasheed ◽  
Komal Rizwan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Catalytic Chemistry

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a fascinating class of porous crystalline materials constructed by organic ligands and inorganic connectors. Owing to their noteworthy catalytic chemistry, and matching or compatible coordination with numerous materials, MOFs offer potential applications in diverse fields such as catalysis, proton conduction, gas storage, drug delivery, sensing, separation and other related biotechnological and biomedical applications. Moreover, their designable structural topologies, high surface area, ultrahigh porosity, and tunable functionalities all make them excellent materials of interests for nanoscale applications. Herein, an effort has been to summarize the current advancement of MOF-based materials (i.e., pristine MOFs, MOF derivatives, or MOF composites) for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and biocatalysis. In the first part, we discussed the electrocatalytic behavior of various MOFs, such as oxidation and reduction candidates for different types of chemical reactions. The second section emphasizes on the photocatalytic performance of various MOFs as potential candidates for light-driven reactions, including photocatalytic degradation of various contaminants, CO2 reduction, and water splitting. Applications of MOFs-based porous materials in the biomedical sector, such as drug delivery, sensing and biosensing, antibacterial agents, and biomimetic systems for various biological species is discussed in the third part. Finally, the concluding points, challenges, and future prospects regarding MOFs or MOF-based materials for catalytic applications are also highlighted.

Recent trends in carbon nanotubes based prostate cancer therapy: A biomedical hybrid for diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Murugesan ◽  
Sureshkumar Raman
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
High Level

: At present treatment methods for cancer are limited, partially due to the solubility, poor cellular distribution of drug molecules and, the incapability of drugs to annoy the cellular barriers. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) generally have excellent physio-chemical properties, which include high-level penetration into the cell membrane, high surface area and high capacity of drug loading by in circulating modification with bio-molecules, project them as an appropriate candidate to diagnose and deliver drugs to prostate cancer (PCa). Additionally, the chemically modified CNTs which have excellent 'Biosensing' properties therefore makes it easy for detecting PCa without fluorescent agent and thus targets the particular site of PCa and also, Drug delivery can accomplish a high efficacy, enhanced permeability with less toxic effects. While CNTs have been mainly engaged in cancer treatment, a few studies are focussed on the diagnosis and treatment of PCa. Here, we detailly reviewed the current progress of the CNTs based diagnosis and targeted drug delivery system for managing and curing PCa.

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