Ultraviolet A and Ultraviolet C Light-Induced Reduction of Surface Hydrocarbons on Titanium Implants

Abstract Objective The carbon, titanium, and oxygen levels on titanium implant surfaces with or without ultraviolet (UV) pretreatment were evaluated at different wavelengths through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Materials and Methods This interventional experimental study was conducted on nine Dio UFII implants with hybrid sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) surface treatments, divided equally into three groups. Control group A samples were not given UV irradiation, while groups B and C samples were given UVA (382 nm, 25 mWcm2) and UVC (260 nm, 15 mWcm2) irradiation, respectively. The atomic ratio of carbon, titanium, and oxygen was compared through XPS. Results Mean carbon-to-titanium ratio and C1 peaks considerably increased in Group A compared to those in experimental Groups B and C. The intensity of Ti2p and O1s peaks was more pronounced for group C compared to that for groups A and B. Conclusions Although the decrease in surface hydrocarbons was the same in both UV-treated groups, the peak intensity of oxygen increased in the UVC-treated group. Thus, it can be concluded that compared with UVA irradiation, UVC irradiation has the potential to induce more hydrophilicity on SLA-coated implants.

Download Full-text

Effect of Photofunctionalization with 6 W or 85 W UVC on the Degree of Wettability of RBM Titanium in Relation to the Irradiation Time

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11125427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 5427

Author(s):

Arturo Sanchez-Perez ◽

Nuria Cano-Millá ◽

María José Moya Villaescusa ◽

José María Montoya Carralero ◽

Carlos Navarro Cuellar

Keyword(s):

Light Source ◽

Ultraviolet Light ◽

Irradiation Time ◽

Contact Angles ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Hydrophilic Surface ◽

Biological Ageing ◽

Ultraviolet C ◽

Group A

Photoactivation with ultraviolet C light can reverse the effects derived from biological ageing by restoring a hydrophilic surface. Ten titanium discs were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, a 6 W group, and an 85 W group. A drop of double-distilled, deionized, and sterile 10 µL water was applied to each of the discs. Each disc was immediately photographed in a standardized and perpendicular manner. Measurements were taken based on the irradiation time (15, 30, 60, and 120 min). UVC irradiation improved the control values in both groups. There was no difference in its effect between the 6 W group and the other groups during the first 30 min. However, after 60 min and up to 120 min, 85 W had a significantly stronger effect. The contact angles with the 85 W ultraviolet light source at 60 and 120 min were 19.43° and 31.41°, respectively, whereas the contact angles for the 6 W UVC source were 73.8° and 61.45°. Power proved to be the most important factor, and the best hydrophilicity result was obtained with a power of 85 W for 60 min at a wavelength of 254 nm.

Download Full-text

Ameliorative effects of Spinacia oleracea on sperm morphology, count, and motility by normalizing the obesity-induced oxidative stress in Sprague Dawley rats

Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University ◽

10.37018/jspf4712 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (03) ◽

pp. 124-127

Author(s):

Somia Iqbal ◽

Noman Sadiq ◽

Saad Siddiqui ◽

Hira Iqbal

Keyword(s):

Sperm Concentration ◽

Treated Group ◽

Sperm Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Normal Morphology ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Experimental Group

Background: Obesity is a prevailing metabolic disorder that affects the functioning of the male reproductive system. Excessive adipose tissue enhances reactive oxygen species generation and is linked with male infertility. Spinach has demonstrated antioxidant effects. The present study was conducted to determine the antioxidant effects of spinach on sperm parameters in obese Sprague Dawley rats. Subjects and methods: This randomized control study was conducted at the animal house of the National Institute of Health Islamabad, Islamic International Medical College, Cosmesurge International Hospital, Rawalpindi, and Apollo lab, Islamabad, Pakistan from April 2016 to March 2017. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats having an age of 8 weeks and weight 160-200g were tagged from number 1 to 40. Every third rat was randomly allocated to control Group A (n=13) and remaining into the Experimental group (n=27). Rats of control Group A was given a standard diet while a high-fat diet was given to Experimental group rats to induce obesity for the duration of six weeks. Weight (g) was measured weekly and obesity was confirmed when rats attain more than 20% weight when compared with that of rats of control Group A. Then, after obesity induction, the experimental group was alienated into the obesity control group (Group B) and spinach treated group (Group C). For sample, rats of Group A and Group B were sacrificed, and the cauda epididymis of each rat was placed in a Petri dish containing normal saline and cut into pieces to allow the release of sperm and then sperm parameters (sperms concentration, motility, and morphology) were recorded under the microscope. Then, spinach (5% hot water extract) along with the persistence of fat diet was administered to Group C for 4 weeks and finally, sperm parameters were measured in this group. Results: Sperm concentration/ml, motility (%), and normal morphology (%) of Group B rats were significantly decreased as compared to Group A rats. However, sperm concentration/ml, motility (%), and normal morphology (%) of Group C (spinach treated group) rats was significantly increased (p<0.001) as compared to Group B (obesity control group) rats after administering spinach. Conclusion: The addition of Spinach in a normal diet regimen restores normal sperm morphology, improves sperm motility and concentration.

Download Full-text

Effect Of Citrullus Lanatus Juice On Hemoglobin, Red Blood Cells And Liver Enzyme; An Experimental Study

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2019023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 09 (04) ◽

pp. 257-260

Author(s):

Shahid Ali ◽

Nuzhat Sultana ◽

Muslim Abbas ◽

Zareen Naz ◽

Muhammad Akbar Hassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Liver Enzyme ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Post Hoc

Objective: To determine effect of citrullus lanatus juice on hemoglobin and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) level. Study design and setting: It was an experimental study conducted on healthy rabbits for sixty days in the research department of pharmacy University of Karachi. Methodology: Current study was planned to evaluate effect of Citrullus lanatus juice on red blood cells, hemoglobin and liver enzyme. 60 days study was performed at 2 different doses i.e 3and 6ml/kg on rabbits. These rabbits were from either gender and were divided into 3 groups their weight ranges from 1200 to 1800 grams. Group A is control group (Normal saline 6ml/kg), Group B is treated group (3 ml/kg), Group C is treated group (6ml/kg). After taking mean of all values they are compared with control group. Significance of mean can be estimated by Tukes Post Hoc Test. P<0.05 estimated as significant. Results: It was found that count of red blood cells rises significantly along with rise in hemoglobin level. As far as liver enzyme serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) was concerned its concentration decreases slightly. Conclusion: Citrullus lanatus juice contain ingredients which are important for RBC hemoglobin and synthesis .It also contains important antioxidants that have organoprotective role due to which SGPT level decreases even in healthy animals as compared to control groups

Download Full-text

Effect of Different Doses of Synthetic Parathyroid Hormone (1-34) on Bone around Implants: a Preclinical Rat Model

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201902199 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 43-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Eduardo Secco Mafra ◽

Marcelo Sirolli ◽

Marília Cabral Cavalcanti ◽

Rodrigo Basílio Albuquerque dos Santos ◽

Cláudio Mendes Pannuti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Osteogenic Potential ◽

Control Group ◽

Cortical Region ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Bone To Implant Contact ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a lower dose of parathyroid hormone- PTH (1-34) on osteogenic potential of bone healing around titanium implants inserted into the tibia of rats. A blind parallel study was conducted in 45 adult male Wistar rats. Each rat received one titanium implant (4.5 x 2.2 mm) and was randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous injections, three times/week for 30 days, of the following treatments: group 1 - 40 µg/kg of PTH (1-34) (n=15); group 2 - 2 µg/kg of PTH (1-34) (n=15) and; group 3 - only the vehicle required for hormone dissolution (n=15). Thirty days after surgery, the animals were sacrificed and specimens containing the implant and the surrounding bone were removed and processed for non-decalcified sections. The sections were evaluated according to the following histometric parameters: proportion of mineralized tissue (PMT) adjacent to the implant threads (500 µm band); bone filling within the limits of the threads (BF) and; bone-to-implant contact (BIC). For the cortical region, both hormone dosages (groups 1 and 2) promoted better results, for all parameters, when compared to control group (p<0.05). Similar results were observed for the BF parameter in the cancellous region (p=0.0394). Therefore, systemic administration of PTH (1-34) stimulates bone formation around titanium implants, even at low doses.

Download Full-text

Elaeagnus glabra f. oxyphylla Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Impairments in Mice by Improving Cholinergic Transmission via Activation of CREB/NGF Signaling

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061205 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1205 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eunjin Sohn ◽

Hye-Sun Lim ◽

Yu Jin Kim ◽

Bu-Yeo Kim ◽

Joo-Hwan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Treated Group ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Tunel Staining ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Memory Impairments ◽

Group A ◽

Ngf Signaling

We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of an Elaeagnus glabra f. oxyphylla (EGFO) ethanol extract in mice with scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction. Fifty male mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, a scopolamine-treated group, a scopolamine and EGFO extract-treated group, and a scopolamine and tacrine-treated group. EGFO (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) was received for 21 days. Step-through passive avoidance and Y-maze tests were performed to examine the effects of treatment on learning and memory impairments. Acetylcholine (Ach) levels and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity were measured via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Levels of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), nerve growth factor (NGF), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and apoptosis-related protein expression were determined via Western blot analysis. EGFO pretreatment significantly attenuated scopolamine-induced memory impairments, relative to findings observed in the scopolamine-treated group. Levels of cholinergic factors in the brain tissues were markedly attenuated in the scopolamine-treated group. EGFO treatment also attenuated neural apoptosis in scopolamine-treated mice by decreasing the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Bcl2, cleaved caspase-3, and TUNEL staining. These results suggest that EGFO improves memory and cognition in a mouse model of memory impairment by restoring cholinergic and anti-apoptotic activity, possibly via activation of CREB/NGF signaling.

Download Full-text

Cerebral Hemodynamics and Cognitive Function in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2016/8485032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yuqing Zhou ◽

Qian Dong ◽

Rong Zhang ◽

Shunfeng Zhou ◽

Linqiang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Treated Group ◽

Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽

Control Group ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group A ◽

Cirrhotic Patients ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group B

Aims.To investigate cerebral hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients with HE and to observe effects of treatment in cerebral hemodynamics and correlations among ammonia, cerebral hemodynamics, and cognitive function.Methods. There were four groups: healthy controls (group 1), cirrhosis without HE (group 2), cirrhosis with MHE (group 3), and cirrhosis with OHE (group 4). Ammonia and cerebral hemodynamics (by TCD) were assessed. Patients in group 3 were subsequently randomized to two subgroups: the control (group A) and the treated (group B, treated with lactulose for two months), and they were retested for ammonia and TCD after treatment. Results. Ammonia,Vm,Vd, PI, and RI were statistically different before treatment, and ammonia, PI, and RI levels paralleled the severity of HE (P<0.05). In group B,Vdincreased and ammonia, PI, and RI declined following treatment (P<0.05), while there were no differences in group A (P>0.05). Correlations were found between ammonia andVd, PI, RI, NCT-A, and DST and also found betweenVd, PI, RI, and NCT-A and DST (P<0.05).Conclusions. This study revealed that cerebral hemodynamics were related to the severity of HE and cerebral autoregulation was impaired. There were tight correlations among ammonia, cerebral hemodynamics, and cognitive function, and, following treatment, cerebral hemodynamics improved.

Download Full-text

Antidiabetogenic impact of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and garlic (Allium sativum) on alloxan induced diabetic rabbit model

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v2i3.30110 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 402-408

Author(s):

Ambiara ◽

Fahima Binthe Aziz ◽

Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽

Md Shajedur Rahman ◽

Misrat Masuma Parvez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Diabetic Rabbit ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

The present study was undertaken to investigate the antidiabetic effect of the Bitter melon and Garlic on Alloxan induced diabetes in experimental rabbits. At 2 to 3 months of age, rabbits were assigned into five groups (A, B, C, D and E) and each group was remained 4 rabbits. Group A was kept for control, Group B was treated with Alloxanintramuscullarly at a dose of 75mg /kg body weight, Group C was treated with bitter melon 250gm/kg body weight orally, Group D was treated with garlic 750mg/kg body weight orally, Group E treated with combined at previous dose. After acclimatization, diabetes was induced in four groups of rabbits (B, C, D and E) by administering Alloxan injection in a dose of 75mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) intramuscularlly. There was significant decreased in blood glucose level in all treated group C, D, E compared to the B group and lowest glucose was recorded in E group when treated with combined medicinal herbs and body weight was increased in all treated group C, D, E compared to the B group and highest was recorded in Dgroup while treated with those.% of PCV level and Hb gm/dl concentration was the highest in group E which was treated with both garlic and bitter melon compare to the A group. ESR was highest in group B treated with Alloxan and lowest in group E. The present study reveals that combined treatment increases body weight and decreases glucose level without affecting health of rabbits.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2016, 2(3): 402-408

Download Full-text

Immunoprotective Effect of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) and Glucomannan on T-2 Toxin-Induced Immunodepression in Poultry

Veterinary Medicine International ◽

10.4061/2010/149373 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

T. Ramasamy ◽

C. Varshneya ◽

V. C. Katoch

Keyword(s):

Treated Group ◽

Phagocytic Index ◽

Total Serum ◽

Control Group ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Group A ◽

Humoral Immune Reaction ◽

Ppm Level ◽

Immunoglobulin Levels

The present investigation was undertaken to study the immunoprotective effect of seabuckthorn berries and glucomannan against T-2 toxin-induced immunodepression in 15-day-old chicks. T-2 toxin was produced in the laboratory by growingFusarium sporotrichioidesMTCC 2081 on wheat. T-2 toxin was fed to birds at 1 ppm level of the diet. The powdered seabuckthorn berries were added at 400 and 800 ppm levels, and glucomannan added at 1 g/kg of feed. All the treatments were continued up to 28 days. The immunoprotective effects of seabuckthorn and glucomannan were assessed by evaluating humoral immune reaction against NCD vaccine (haemagglutination test and immunoglobulin estimation), serum immunoglobulin levels, phagocytic index, and DTH reaction against DNFB between day 25 and day 28 of experiment. There was significant (P<.05) decrease in non-specific immunity in T-2 toxin-treated group as evidenced by a reduction in phagocytic index, DTH reaction, HI titer, and total serum Ig compared to the healthy control group. A significant increase (P<.05) in HI titer and total serum Ig was seen in seabuckthorn and glucomannan fed group. A significant (P<.05) increase in DTH reaction and non-specific immune response was seen in seabuckthorn and glucomannan fed birds. The present investigation revealed that the seabuckthorn alone protected the immunosuppressant action of T-2 toxin, but seabuckthorn and glucomannan in combination provided an additive protection against T-2 toxicity.

Download Full-text

EFFICACY OF IVERMECTIN AGAINST GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODIASIS AND ECTOPARASITES IN CROSSBRED CATTLE IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjvm.v14i2.31392 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 191-197

Author(s):

M. Ahammed ◽

M. A. Ali ◽

M. A. Ehsan ◽

M. Mostafa

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Research Work ◽

Live Weight ◽

Treated Group ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Crossbred Cattle ◽

Group A

The experiment was carried out to determine the efficacy of Ivermectin (Ivomec® S/C Formulation) against gastrointestinal nematodiasis and ectoparasites including stephanofilaria on crossbred cattle, to determine the effect of drug on certain hematological parameters like hemoglobin (Hb) content, packed cell volume (PCV) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)in crossbred cattle and to determine the effect of the drug on live weight. A total of 100 cattle were selected randomly and examined for presence of both endo and ectoparasites including stephanofilaria. Gastrointestinal nematodiasis were detected by examination of fecal samples and ectoparasites as well as stephanofilaria were detected by physical examination. Out of 100 cattle, 20 were found to suffer from both endo and ectoparasites. These 20 cattle were selected finally for the research work. Then these cattle were divided into two groups, group A (treated group, n=15) and group B (control group, n=5). Ivermectin was injected subcutaneously to the cattle of group A @ 200µm/kg body weight (1ml/50 kg body weight). The therapeutic efficacy of the drug against gastrointestinal nematodiasis was determined by investigation of fecal egg count reduction and the efficacy was 100% against the common nematodes in crossbred cattle on day 7, 14, 21 and 28 of post treatment period. Ticks within a markable area (25 square inches) were counted on day 0 and lice infestation was marked as infected on day 0. Ivermectin showed 100% effectiveness at the 7, 14, 21 and 28 day of post treatment period against both tick and lice infestation. The efficacy of the drug against stephanofilariasis (humpsore) was determined by reduction of diameter of the sore on the day 14, 42 and 56 of post treatment period. All the sores were completely healed up by the 56 days. During the study of hematological parameters it was seen that Hb and PCV were increased whereas ESR values were decreased on post treatment days. In this study the mean live weight of the cattle of treated group was increased after treatment with ivermectin and increased body weight was 5.13% on the 28th day of post treatment period. From the above findings it may be concluded that ivermectin was 100% effective against gastrointestinal nematodes common in crossbred cattle. Effectiveness of the drug against external parasites was 100%. In this study hematological parameters were changed significantly after treatment with ivermectin, body weight of animal treated with ivermectin was increased and no adverse effect of the drug was found in this study.

Download Full-text

Protective Effect of Thyroxine on Minocycline Induced Thyroid Gland Damage

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry ◽

10.36283/pjmd9-2/003 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tahira Assad

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Concomitant Administration ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Similar Amount ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Absolute Weight ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Thyroxine has shown beneficial effects on intelligence, learning, and memory process in patients of congenital hypothyroidism. Minocycline has been used in clinical practice for various indications and reported to have anti-thyroid effects. This study was specifically designed to observe the role of thyroxine on minocycline induced damage to thyroid gland. Methods: This experimental study was undertaken at Anatomy department of BMSI, JPMC, Karachi, for eight weeks, from October to November 2019. Thirty adult (10-12 months) male guinea pigs, weighing from 450-650 gm were obtained and divided into 3 groups. Group A served as control, group B was given Minocycline 0.02mg/gram/day once daily and group C was administered Minocycline in similar amount as group B along with thyroxine 0.5µg/gram/day for the same duration. Dosing was continued for 8 weeks, at the completion of which all the animals were sacrificed. Thyroid gland was processed and tissue sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin for morphology. Results: The absolute weight of thyroid gland was significantly increased (p<0.001) in minocycline treated group B animals compared to the control animals, whereas substantial decrease (p<0.01) in absolute weight of thyroid gland was witnessed in group C in comparison to group B animals. The follicular cells showed hypertrophy and shrinkage of colloid in the thyroid follicles. These changes were prevented when animals were co-administered with thyroxine and minocycline in Group C. Conclusion: Concomitant administration of thyroxine with the antimicrobial drug minocycline showed protective effects of thyroxine on Minocycline induced damage to thyroid gland of animals.

Download Full-text