Evaluation of Childhood COVID-19 Cases: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handan A. Akoğlu ◽  
Muhammet Bulut ◽  
Dilek K. Alemdar ◽  
Serdar Aslan ◽  
Kıvanç Çelikkalkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Abstract Objective This study aims to evaluate the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical features of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases aged between 0 and 18 years. Methods The demographic characteristics of the patients, admission symptoms, contact and travel histories, clinical onset duration, symptoms, treatments, laboratory findings, radiological images, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) negation times were evaluated in a retrospective manner. Thirty-eight children (19 boys and 19 girls) were included in the study. Discussion The mean age of the patients was 10.36 ± 5.59 years. The average admission times of the patients after the onset of the symptoms was determined as 1.84 ± 2.02 days. Thirteen (34.2%) patients were observed as asymptomatic. The most common identified symptoms were fever, cough, and fatigue (55.2, 34.2, and 13.2%, respectively). Febrile convulsions, myalgia, dizziness, and diarrhea were the least common symptoms. Also, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D3) levels were low and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values were higher in the moderate group than the mild group and the relationships were statistically significant (p = 0.044and 0.027). Ferritin levels of the patients with ground glass opacity (GGO) were found statistically and significantly higher than the patients without GGO (p = 0,031). There was more than one lobe and segment involvement in five patients, the average number of affected lobes and segments was 3.8 and 8.8, respectively. High-resolution computed tomography of the 24 patients showed that; GGO in five (20.8%), consolidation + GGO (mixed) in three (12.5%), consolidation (alone) in one, subpleural linear opacities in three (12.5%), and pavement stone opacities in one (4.2%) patient. COVID-19, which is seen less frequently in children, may pose a risk in infants and young children. Conclusion Especially high ferritin levels may present with lung involvement and low vitamin D levels may worsen the aggravation of the lung involvement. There is a great need for further research on this subject.

scholarly journals Imaging of COVID-19: Experience in BIRDEM General Hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
MA Taher ◽  
Jafreen Sultana ◽  
Ishtiaque Mohammad Behnom ◽  
Mohua Saha
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Pneumonia associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan of China which was recognized as a global health emergency. Role of imaging, specially high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of chest is considered as an important tool in the early diagnosis, evaluation of disease progression and prompt management of COVID-19 patient in this global health pandemic. This study was designed to report the spectrum of HRCT imaging findings in COVID-19 infected patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 consecutive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive COVID-19 patients who underwent HRCT chest from 1st of September 2020 to 30th October 2020 in BIRDEM General Hospital. Dhaka, Bangladesh. Prevalence, distribution, extent and type of abnormal lung findings were recorded. Results: Total 30 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. Among them, 26 (86.6%) patients had fever and 17 (66.66%) patients had fatigability. The most frequent CT abnormality was ground glass opacity in (26, 86.67%). Crazy-paving pattern was found in 19 (63.33%) cases. Most patients had multiple lesions and involved all the 5 lobes The lesions were mostly peripheral (26, 86.6%) in distribution. Most commonly involved lobe is right lower lobe (27, 90%). Conclusion: Radiology & Imaging, specially HRCT of chest is an excellent modality in diagnosis of disease, evaluation of progression of disease, evaluation of post COVID-19 patient and prompt management of COVID- 19 patient in this global health emergency. Birdem Med J 2020; 10, COVID Supplement: 56-62

scholarly journals Burkholderia Cepacia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus - An unusal Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Neeti Bhat ◽  
Alina Karna ◽  
Sameer Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Burkholderia Cepacia is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus, rarely affects immunocompetent indi­viduals, usually found in various aquatic environments. We present a case of a 45-year-old male with a known case of diabetes for five years. He presented with high-grade fever, dysuria, and abdominal pain. Routine tests, ultrasonography along together with high-resolution computed tomography was done. High Resolution Computed Tomography showed subtle ground-glass opacity of the superior segment of lingulae of the left lobe of the lungs. Real time polymerase chain reaction was advised to rule out Covid-19 infection, which was negative. Burkholderia Cepacia was identified in Cystine- Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficient Agar culture (CLED).

scholarly journals Clinico-radiological profile of COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital of western Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Priyanka Soni ◽  
Laxman Kumar Soni ◽  
K.C Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Infection by COVID-19 can result in a range of clinical outcomes, from asymptomatic to severe life-threatening course or death. The purpose of our research was to evaluate the presentation of COVID19 disease based on the clinical and radiological characteristics of our population. 100 COVID19 patients recorded by RTPCR. Clinical, biochemical and radiological data from April-May, 2021. Of the 100 patients, in our study 66% were males and 26% patients had history of recent travel. Majority of patients were asymptomatic and don’t have comorbid illness. Thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia, increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and serum ferritin and C-reactive protein were common in these patients. CT finding were 63% had normal CT chest. Among the 37% patients who had CT chest findings, 25% had bilateral diseases, 8% patients had right lung involvement while 4% patients have left lung involvement.  COVID-19 disease has a relatively mild course in this part of the subcontinent. Clinical and laboratory findings are similar to those found in viral diseases. Studies involving larger sample size and interventional trials are need of the hour.

scholarly journals HRCT imaging features in representative imported cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyue Diao ◽  
Peilun Han ◽  
Tong Pang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Zhigang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
West China Hospital ◽  
West China ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract With the spread of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been one of the key diagnostic tools. To achieve early and accurate diagnostics, determining the radiological characteristics of the disease is of great importance. In this small scale research we retrospectively reviewed and selected six cases confirmed with 2019-nCoV infection in West China Hospital and investigated their initial and follow-up HRCT features, along with the clinical characteristics. The 2019-nCoV pneumonia basically showed a multifocal or unifocal involvement of ground-glass opacity (GGO), sometimes with consolidation and fibrosis. No pleural effusion or lymphadenopathy was identified in our presented cases. The follow-up CT generally demonstrated mild to moderate progression of the lesion, with only one case showing remission by the reducing extent and density of the airspace opacification.

scholarly journals Clinical, laboratory and chest computed tomography aspects of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in northern Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ali sharifpour ◽  
sepideh Safanavaei ◽  
Rabeeh Tabaripour ◽  
fatemeh Taghizadeh ◽  
maryam nakhaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Laboratory Findings

The clinical symptoms, blood laboratory data, O2 saturation and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings are critical factors in diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. In this study, 105 hospitalized patients suspected of having COVID-19 were evaluated. Finally, the data of 83 confirmed cases by HRCT and RT-PCR were analyzed. 61.40% of the patients had a comorbidity disease. 89.20% had fever, 92.00% cough, 91.40% dyspnea. Abnormal CRP seen in 77.80% of the patients following by 66.70% lymphopenia, and 60.30% neutrophilia. Also, ALP (abnormal vs. normal) and score of HRCT assessment variables had a significant effect on the positiveness of HRCT findings. 87.95% had abnormal HRCT with 41% bilateral multilobar patchy ground glass opacity (GGO). Moreover, there was a statistically significant association between level of O2 saturation and HRCT results. Our findings showed that male patients with middle age and comorbidity disease were more susceptible to the COVID-19 infection. Additionally, clinical features, blood laboratory findings, O2 saturation and HRCT findings are critical factors in prognosis of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Difficulties in False Negative Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinjian Hao ◽  
Hongmei Wu ◽  
Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
False Negative ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Dynamic Imaging ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Intermittent Fever ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Epidemiological Link

Abstract Background: In December 2019, a novel coronavirus emerging in china and spread rapidly globally. Early identification and effective quarantine are essential to reduce the spread of the disease. However, the presence of false-negative makes the diagnosis difficult, especially in the early stages of the disease. Case presentation: A 34-year-old man who had an epidemiological link to Wuhan, presenting with intermittent fever and cough, with chest computed tomography showing ground-glass opacity, and repeated detection of negative 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) nucleic acid by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay, which was eventually diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). Conclusions: This case highlights that a single negative result of the test, particularly if it is based on an upper respiratory tract specimen, in highly suspected cases, does not exclude COVID-19. Repeat and multiple-site sampling and testing in combination with dynamic imaging changes in the chest are strongly recommended in progressive disease.

scholarly journals Do we Trust the Polymerase Chain Reaction Test Result in Children to Diagnose COVID-19? A Case Report of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Amir Nasimfar ◽  
Rohollah Valizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Nanbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Technical Errors ◽  
Polymerase Chain

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) resulted in widespread concern in global public health and has a bad prognosis despite drug therapy. CASE REPORT: The patient was an 11-year-old girl referred to a children hospital with a dry cough, fever, and headache symptoms, without comorbidity. She was hospitalized following the results of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). The patient was treated with ceftriaxone 1 g every 12 h and the oseltamivir capsule 45 mg every 12 h and azithromycin 250 mg tablet once daily and 200 mg hydroxychloroquine tablet every 12 h for a total of 5 days. After 5 days, the patient had suitable chest status and then was discharged. Azithromycin for 5 days and hydroxychloroquine for 10 days were prescribed for the patient to take at home. The patient’s polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was negative at baseline through the nasopharyngeal swap, but HRCT of the patient’s was completely consistent with COVID-19 accompanied by consolidation and ground-glass opacity in the left lower and right upper lobes. CONCLUSION: The numerous technical errors in taking the nasopharyngeal swap were the main reasons for the negative PCR. The main lesson from this case report is the high sensitivity and specificity of HRCT compared to the PCR.

scholarly journals High resolution computed tomography signs lead an early diagnosis of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 067-071
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar ◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Arya ◽  
Jumana Haji
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Introduction: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has huge impact on public health. RT-PCR of respiratory samples is generally accepted confirmatory test which can miss several cases due to various factors. Case description: A 32-years-old male without any co-morbidity presented with complaints of cough and fever was negative for Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) on two separate occasions on two different centres died and the last sample sent on 30th day of admission tested positive for RT-PCR. Radiologist reported the CT Chest signs as highly likely case of COVID-19 on the day of admission. Clinical significance: Radiological signs on CT chest can contribute in the diagnostic workup of CIVID-19. Conclusion: Radiological signs reported in suspected COVID-19 should be noticed and given adequate weightage in conditions where the other laboratory tests are negative.

scholarly journals Iranian Pediatric COVID-19 Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Armin ◽  
Mohammadreza Mirkarimi ◽  
Zahra Pourmoghaddas ◽  
Marjan Tariverdi ◽  
Azadeh Jafrasteh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Bandar Abbas ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Very High

Background. Despite the worldwide spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), information about the epidemiological and clinical patterns of this infection is still largely unknown in children. In addition, the prevalence of this disease is still very high in some parts of the world, including Iran. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the epidemiological features, laboratory and imaging findings, and the type of treatments in children with novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Method. This study is conducted from March 2020–March 2021 by using the medical records of hospitalized confirmed COVID-19 children younger than 18 years in five cities of Iran: Tehran, Ahwaz, Isfahan, Bandar-Abbas, and Khorramabad. In addition to demographic and epidemiological data, we also studied clinical signs and treatments. Results. In total 278 confirmed COVID-19 children, the average age was 5.3 years, and 59.4%were boys. A total of 37.8% had an underlying disease, in which the most common was a malignancy. The most common symptoms were fever and cough. In this group of pediatrics, some abnormal laboratory findings have been seen. GGO (Ground-Glass Opacity) had been diagnosed in 58.6% of children. 3.6% needed oxygen therapy with ventilators, and 83.09% had received antibiotic treatments with the majority of ceftriaxone. Also, 10% had got steroids. In this study, the mortality rate was 4.3%. Conclusion. In this study, most of the children who died had an underlying disease, so timely care and action is important in them. Most children admitted to our study received antibiotics and were prescribed antivirals and steroids for a smaller number. Also, a small number of children received oxygen therapy, most of whom were in the age group of 1 to 5 years.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Case Reports and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Chen ◽  
Fang Xiao ◽  
Li Cao ◽  
Meng Xie ◽  
Yue Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Anti Hiv

Abstract Background: Novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread over the globe. The knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients was limited. Case presentation: We presented here two human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cases with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 and clinically confirmed COVID-19, respectively. The patients both presented with fever at illness onset and patchy shadows in radiological images of lungs. Laboratory findings revealed leukopenia, lymphopenia and positive anti-HIV antibody. The younger case had a moderate course and was discharged after a 28-day hospitalization. However, the elder case with multiple comorbidities developed dyspnea and died on the fourth day after admission. Conclusions: Combining our data with two case reports, we summarize that disease course varies in HIV-infected patients with COVID-19. More attention should be paid to the management of these patients. Whether there is any difference about clinical characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 between HIV-infected and non-HIV infected patients, remains to be further investigated.

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