scholarly journals Challenges, Barriers, and Good Practices in the Implementation of Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram in Jodhpur, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niraj Kumar ◽  
Nitin Kumar Joshi ◽  
Yogesh Kumar Jain ◽  
Kuldeep Singh ◽  
Pankaj Bhardwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
School Health Program ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
The Government ◽  
Harsh Climate

Abstract Introduction The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram of the Government of India subsumes the existing school health program to provide care and treatment to children below 18 years through screening and early interventions. Benefitting an estimated 270 million children for 30 preidentified conditions is a step toward “health for all.” Although the program is running since 2013, due to paucity of studies particularly in Thar desert region and its associated challenges, this study was planned to assess challenges and good practices in the implementation of RBSK in Jodhpur. Objectives To assess the challenges, barriers, and good practices in the implementation of RBSK among the mobile health team (MHT) in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Methods A community based descriptive cross-sectional study in all 11 medical blocks of Jodhpur district, with purposive sampling to invite all members of MHT to participate in the study as grassroot workers was planned. A pretested, semistructured questionnaire was processed using SPSS for quantitative component and in-depth interviews were reported using qualifiers for qualitative observations. Results As much as 74.1% (n = 40) of the staff perceived the trainings to be sufficient for daily work needs but needed more sessions for birth defects (33.3%) and development delays (29.6%). As much as 96.3% (n = 52) of the staff considered salaries to be low and 55.5% were dissatisfied with the jobs. However, 70.4% found targets to be achievable and 76% found the work environment helpful. Taboos and superstitions in community, harsh climate, dual workload on pharmacists as data operators, and noninclusion of AYUSH medicines for AYUSH medical officers (MOs) were few of the challenges, while good practices such as fully equipped MHTs, readily available vehicles, information education communication (IEC) materials, and treatment coverage under Bhamashah Bima Yojana (BSBY) were also observed. Conclusion Many good practices were observed during the study which can be adopted by other states for better implementations elsewhere. Certain challenges such as belief in quackery, superstitions and taboos could be minimized by conducting rapport-building meetings with community stakeholders. Feedback and regular trainings of MHT staff can further increase the success manifold.

PATTERN OF OCULAR MORBIDITIES - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON SCHOOL CHILDREN IN AMRITSAR, PUNJAB, NORTH INDIA.

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
Saroj Bala ◽  
Prempal Kaur ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
School Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Health Program ◽  
Ocular Morbidity ◽  
The Government

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and to make a comparison between the ocular morbidity pattern in school going children of government and private schools of urban area of Amritsar. A school-based cross-sectional study design was adopted to examine children aged 5–15 years in randomly selected government and private schools of Amritsar. The prevalence of ocular morbidity was 18.92% (16.29% government, 21.05% private). Refractive errors showed a signicantly higher prevalence (P < 0.05%) in the private (19.94%) as compared to the government schools (14.91%). This study was the rst of its kind in Amritsar, it revealed that refractive errors, Squint, spring catarrh, seborrhoeic blepharitis and stye are important causes of ocular morbidities. Refractive errors were most common ocular disorder. The majority of the causes are either treatable or preventable. Ongoing school health program should be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive errors

scholarly journals Health promotion actions in the School Health Program in Ceará: nursing contributions

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adna de Araújo Silva ◽  
Fabiane do Amaral Gubert ◽  
Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho ◽  
Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire de Freitas ◽  
Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira-Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
School Health ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
External Assessment ◽  
School Health Program

ABSTRACT Objectives: to compare health promotion actions carried out by Family Health teams in Ceará, linked to the School Health Program. Methods: a cross-sectional study involving the first and second cycles of an external assessment of 910 and 1,626 teams from 184 municipalities, which joined the Brazilian National Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care. Eight clinical assessment and seven health promotion indicators were assessed, together with health professionals working in schools. Results: the interviewees were nurses (95.6% and 98.3%). Between the cycles, there was an increase in clinical assessment (78.7% and 91.3%), health promotion and disease prevention (82.5% and 89.3%) and survey of students for follow-up (41.4% and 66.4%) in schools. Conclusions: health actions at school advanced between cycles, with nurses as protagonists in school health, which can reduce vulnerabilities in children and adolescents and qualify Primary Care.

scholarly journals Occupational COVID-19 Prevention among Congolese Healthcare Workers: Knowledge, Practices, PPE Compliance, and Safety Imperatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nzaji Michel-Kabamba ◽  
Nlandu Roger Ngatu ◽  
Ngombe Leon-Kabamba ◽  
Astrid Katumbo-Mukemo ◽  
Olivier Mukuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Sufficient Knowledge ◽  
The Government

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the functionality of health systems and world affairs. We assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 23 referral hospitals located in three towns of the DRC (Lubumbashi, Kamina, Mbuji-Mayi). In total, 613 HCWs were surveyed using the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) “Exposure Risk Assessment in the Context of COVID-19” questionnaire. Participants included medical doctors (27.2%) and other categories of HCWs (72.8%). The mean age was 40.3 ± 11.7 years. Over 80% (range: 83–96%) of respondents had sufficient knowledge on each of the three domains: COVID-19 symptoms, disease transmission, and patient care approach. However, attitudes and practices scores were relatively low. Only 27.7% of HCWs were willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine when it is available, whereas 55% of HCWs complied with good practices; 49.4% wore masks consistently and, surprisingly, only 54.9% used personal protective equipment (PPE) consistently at work and during contact with patients. Knowledge level was positively associated with the use of social media as a primary source of COVID-19-related information and the category of residence, with HCWs from towns already affected by the COVID-19 epidemic being more likely to have positive attitudes (adjusted OR, 1.64; 95%CI, 1.32–2.20) and comply with good practices (aOR, 2.79; 95%CI, 1.93-4.06). This study showed that most Congolese HCWs had sufficient knowledge on COVID-19, whereas the majority did not comply with consistent PPE use. The government of the DRC should urgently take major steps in capacity building for HCWs in outbreak preparedness and supplying hospitals with PPE.

scholarly journals Dietary and Activity Habits in Adolescents Living in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Haroun ◽  
Ola ElSaleh ◽  
Lesley Wood
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
School Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Food ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
The Government

Background: The Global School Health Survey 2010 reported that 40% of pupils aged 12-15 years are overweight or obese; double what was reported in 2005. Following such concerns the government introduced mandatory school health education sessions to students, and produced strict guidelines on school food and drink provision (September 2011). The aim of this survey was to obtain information about adolescents’ dietary and activity habits, and their association with the increased prevalence of obesity.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1,022 students (539 boys; 483 girls) aged 12-16 years, from 17 government schools in Dubai, UAE. Dietary practices and physical activity was collected using a short self-completed questionnaire.Results: Non-Emirati pupils, especially the girls appear to eat more healthily than their Emirati counterparts. Overall, 16% of students reported never eating breakfast, 31% reported drinking sugar sweetened beverages everyday 18% said they never drank milk and 15% never ate fruits. 67% reported buying food from school every day; Emiratis spending more than non-Emiratis. 37% of pupils reported exercising or playing sport daily, whereas 60% reported they daily watch more than 2 hours of TV.Conclusion: Despite the recent changes in school policies, pupils are still failing to eat a healthy diet and engage in physical activity. There needs to be further interventions promoting changes in lifestyle amongst adolescents, and enhancing provision of healthy food in schools to be more appealing to students.

scholarly journals Association between participation in the government subsidy programme for domestic travel and symptoms indicative of COVID-19 infection in Japan: cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e049069
Author(s):  
Atsushi Miyawaki ◽  
Takahiro Tabuchi ◽  
Yasutake Tomata ◽  
Yusuke Tsugawa
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Fever ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Government Subsidy ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Taste Disorder ◽  
The Government

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between participation in government subsidies for domestic travel (subsidise up to 50% of all travel expenses) introduced nationally in Japan on 22 July 2020 and the incidence of symptoms indicative of COVID-19 infections.DesignCross-sectional analysis of nationally representative survey data.SettingInternet survey conducted between 25 August and 30 September 2020 in Japan. Sampling weights were used to calculate national estimates.Participants25 482 survey respondents (50.3% (12 809) women; mean (SD) age, 48.8 (17.4) years).Main outcome measuresIncidence rate of five symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection (high fever, sore throat, cough, headache, and smell and taste disorder) within the past month of the survey, after adjustment for characteristics of individuals and prefecture fixed effects (effectively comparing individuals living in the same prefecture).ResultsAt the time of the survey, 3289 (12.9%) participated in the subsidy programme. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that participants in the subsidy programme exhibited higher incidence of high fever (adjusted rate, 4.7% for participants vs 3.7% for non-participants; adjusted OR (aOR) 1.83; 95% CI 1.34 to 2.48; p<0.001), sore throat (19.8% vs 11.3%; aOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.37 to 3.19; p=0.002), cough (19.0% vs 11.3%; aOR 1.96; 95% CI 1.26 to 3.01; p=0.008), headache (29.2% vs 25.5%; aOR 1.24; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.44; p=0.006) and smell and taste disorder (2.6% vs 1.8%; aOR 1.98; 95% CI 1.15 to 3.40; p=0.01) compared with non-participants. These findings remained qualitatively unaffected by additional adjustment for the use of 17 preventative measures (eg, social distancing, wearing masks and handwashing) and fear against the COVID-19 infection.ConclusionsThe participation of the government subsidy programme for domestic travel was associated with a higher probability of exhibiting symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Government management capacities and the containment of COVID-19: a repeated cross-sectional study across Chinese cities

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e041516
Author(s):  
Wenchao Li ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Junjian Yi
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Government Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

ObjectivesBetter understanding of the dynamics of the COVID-19 (2019 novel coronavirus disease) pandemic to curb its spread is now a global imperative. While travel restrictions and control measures have been shown to limit the spread of the disease, the effectiveness of the enforcement of those measures should depend on the strength of the government. Whether, and how, the government plays a role in fighting the disease, however, has not been investigated. Here, we show that government management capacities are critical to the containment of the disease.SettingWe conducted a statistical analysis based on cross-city comparisons within China. China has undergone almost the entire cycle of the anticoronavirus campaign, which allows us to trace the full dynamics of the outbreak, with homogeneity in standards for statistics recording.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOutcome measures include city-specific COVID-19 case incidence and recoveries in China.ResultsThe containment of COVID-19 depends on the effectiveness of the enforcement of control measures, which in turn depends on the local government’s management capacities. Specifically, government efficiency, capacity for law enforcement, and the transparency of laws and policies significantly reduce COVID-19 prevalence and increase the likelihood of recoveries. The organisation size of the government, which is not closely related to its capacity for management, has a limited role.

scholarly journals Student and educator perspectives on virtual institutional introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar A. Almohammed ◽  
Lama H. Alotaibi ◽  
Shatha A. Ibn Malik
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Virtual Training ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Practice Experience ◽  
Face To Face Learning ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has required governments around the world to suspend face-to-face learning for school and university students. Colleges of pharmacy are faced with the challenge of training students in hospitals that are under considerable pressure at this time. The government of Saudi Arabia has moved all classes and training online to limit the spread of the virus. This study describes the experience of the Introductory and Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (IPPE and APPE) students and preceptors engaged in the virtual IPPE training. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe and appraise the implemented virtual IPPE training from the experiences of IPPE and APPE students, and their preceptor. The IPPE students described their experiences in close-ended questionnaires, while APPE students in open-ended questionnaires, and the preceptor described the experiences in narrative. The study focused on highlighting the advantages, opportunities, challenges, and shortcomings of the virtual training. Results Two preceptors and seven APPE students participated in the preparation and administration of the virtual training. The IPPE students’ experiences, based on 87 respondents, were mostly positive. Although IPPE students enjoyed the time flexibility that allowed the learning of new skills and reflection on previous experiences, 15% experienced difficulty finding quiet places with a reliable internet connection or had difficulty working on team-based activities. Moreover, some were anxious about the lack of adequate patient-care experience. On the other hand, the APPE students found the experience enriching as they gained experience and understanding of academic workflow, gained skills, and overcame the challenges they faced during this virtual training experience. Conclusions Future training programs should be organized to overcome the challenges and to maximize the benefits of training experiences. Schools of pharmacy may benefit from the training materials constructed, prepared, and administered by APPE students to improve IPPE students’ learning experiences and outcomes.

scholarly journals Hygienic practices during menstruation among adolescent school girls

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Farhana Salim ◽  
Nasreen Begum
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
School Health ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Sanitary Napkin ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
School Girls

Objective : To assess the hygienic practices during menstruation among adolescent school girls in selected secondary rural schools.Methods : This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December, 2015. Study area was selected on choice were four upazilas of Kishoreganj, Lakshmipur, Barguna and Sirajganj District. From the study area 15 schools were selected on the basis of convenience and accessibility. Data were collected from 438 purposively selected adolescent unmarried school girls aged 15-18 years and studying in class IX and X, through face to face interview by pretested questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using software SPSS version 20.Results : The result of the study revealed that majority (52%) participants were using cloths and 48.4% were using sanitary napkin for menstrual hygiene management. About half of the participants got the information about menstrual and reproductive health from family members. Thirty five percent (35%) girls do not attend school during first two days of menstruation. Majority (69%) of the girls never change pad and 45% complained about unavailability of water at school. However, knowledge of reproductive health issues like minimum age at marriage (18yrs, 85.8%), minimum age of child birth (20yrs, 89%) and need for extra nutrition during pregnancy (99.0%) was quite satisfactory. The level of maternal education and economic condition were significantly associated with sanitary napkin use.Conclusion : The study revealed that higher percentage of participants was not using sanitary napkins, although their knowledge regarding menstrual and reproductive health issues is satisfactory. Implementation of school health programs for adolescents should emphasis on menstrual hygiene management.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.7(2) Jan 2016: 139-142

scholarly journals Survey of iodine deficiency and intestinal parasitic infections in school-going children: Bie Province, Angola

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Tomlinson ◽  
Vera Adams ◽  
Mickey Chopra ◽  
Pieter Jooste ◽  
Emmerentia Strydom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
International Health ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Government

AbstractObjectiveTo obtain baseline pre-intervention prevalence levels of iodine deficiency and parasitic and helminth infections in school-going children in Bie Province, Angola.DesignA cross-sectional study conducted in randomly selected schools. The target population was children aged 6–10 years.SettingBie Province, Angola.SubjectsA total of 1029 children sampled, with 791 stool samples and 826 urine samples collected from twenty-four schools.ResultsWidespread severe and moderate deficiencies in iodine. Children in five schools were severely iodine deficient. All sampled schoolchildren were iodine deficient to a greater or lesser extent. In all, 80 % of all children across the twenty-four schools were infected with one or a combination of intestinal helminths and intestinal protozoa.ConclusionsThese findings have serious implications for the cognitive development of Angolan children, as well as for Angola’s development in terms of productivity and economic potential. It is strongly recommended that the provincial and national Ministries of Health, in collaboration with international health agencies, immediately plan and implement a strategy to provide sufficient iodine through iodised oil capsules and iodised salt to the iodine-deficient population. National coalitions need to be strengthened among the government, partners and salt producers. It is also recommended that all the children in schools be de-wormed for multiple helminth species at least twice a year.

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