Government management capacities and the containment of COVID-19: a repeated cross-sectional study across Chinese cities

ObjectivesBetter understanding of the dynamics of the COVID-19 (2019 novel coronavirus disease) pandemic to curb its spread is now a global imperative. While travel restrictions and control measures have been shown to limit the spread of the disease, the effectiveness of the enforcement of those measures should depend on the strength of the government. Whether, and how, the government plays a role in fighting the disease, however, has not been investigated. Here, we show that government management capacities are critical to the containment of the disease.SettingWe conducted a statistical analysis based on cross-city comparisons within China. China has undergone almost the entire cycle of the anticoronavirus campaign, which allows us to trace the full dynamics of the outbreak, with homogeneity in standards for statistics recording.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOutcome measures include city-specific COVID-19 case incidence and recoveries in China.ResultsThe containment of COVID-19 depends on the effectiveness of the enforcement of control measures, which in turn depends on the local government’s management capacities. Specifically, government efficiency, capacity for law enforcement, and the transparency of laws and policies significantly reduce COVID-19 prevalence and increase the likelihood of recoveries. The organisation size of the government, which is not closely related to its capacity for management, has a limited role.

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A snapshot of public knowledge of novel coronavirus disease 2019: a web-based national survey

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10495-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yu Liu ◽

Dan Wang ◽

Hao Xu ◽

Ying Xiao ◽

Cui Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Measures ◽

Psychological State ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Public Knowledge ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background Although the number of existing cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China has been decreasing since late February 2020, the number of confirmed cases abroad is surging. Improving public knowledge of COVID-19 is critical to controlling the pandemic. This study aimed to determine China’s public knowledge of COVID-19 and the attitudes towards control measures. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted over 48 h from 22:30 29 February 2020 to 22:30 2 March 2020 based on a self-administered web-based questionnaire. The survey was conducted on the WeChat network. Exponential non-discriminative snowball sampling was applied. The questionnaire was voluntarily completed by WeChat users. The questionnaire covered basic demographic information, public knowledge of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19, psychological state, and attitudes towards the overall control measures. The primary outcome was the China’s public knowledge of COVID-19 and the attitudes towards control measures and secondary outcome was the psychological state of the public during this pandemic. Results The study included 10,905 participants and 10,399 valid questionnaires were included for analysis. Participants with tertiary education, younger participants and healthcare workers had better overall knowledge than other participants (all P < 0.05). Approximately 91.9% of the participants believed in person-to-person transmission and 39.1% believed in animal-to-person transmission. No significant correlation between anxiety and the number of regional existing confirmed cases was found, while participants in Hubei were more anxious than those in other regions. In general, 74.1% of the participants acknowledged the effectiveness of the overall control measures, and the percentage of participants with agreement with the overall control measures was negatively correlated with the number of regional existing confirmed cases (r = − 0.492, P = 0.007). Conclusions In conclusion, the survey revealed that the Chinese public had overall good knowledge of COVID-19 except for those indeterminate knowledges. With dynamic changes in the global pandemic situation and more research, further studies should be conducted to explore changes in public knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 in the future. The media could be used in a strict and regular manner to publicize knowledge of such pandemics to halt their spread.

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Post-operative Experience following Caesarean Section in a Nigerian Obstetric Population

Annals of Basic and Medical Sciences ◽

10.51658/abms.202121.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

Jamila A Garba ◽

Abubakar A Panti ◽

Ahmed Yakubu ◽

Eze A Ukwu ◽

Ahmed T Burodo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Relief ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Emergency Caesarean Section ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient’S Satisfaction ◽

Emergency Caesarean

Background: Caesarean section is the most significant obstetrics operative intervention globally. Good postoperative experience after caesarean section is important because there is need for the mother to recover from surgery and take care of her baby. The aim of this study was to assess the experience of women that had caesarean section in the first 24 hours postoperatively. Materials/methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among women that had elective and emergency caesarean section. They were followed up to 24 hours post-operative. The primary outcome measures were pain score and satisfaction. Secondary outcome measures were time of mobilization, time of commencement of oral feeds and time of initiation of breastfeeding. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22. Results: The median pain scores among those that had emergency and elective caesarean section ranged between 2 and 3 at all points of pain assessment. The satisfaction was good among 66.1% that had emergency caesarean section and 71.2% among those that had elective caesarean section. However, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.546, p = 0.761). More than 90% of the participants that had either emergency or elective caesarean section did not ambulate within the first 24 hours after caesarean section and there was no association between the time of ambulation and the type of caesarean section (χ2 = 0.005, p = 0.941). Conclusion: The participants had adequate pain relief and majority were satisfied with the pain relief. However, the optimum satisfaction was not achieved. The participants did not ambulate early and did not initiate breast-feeding early. Recommendation: Further research is recommended to assess other factors that affect patient's satisfaction and ambulation so as to improve on patient's postoperative care.

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Knowledge and awareness on usage of mouth masks among dental fraternity during this pandemic COVID-19: A cross-sectional study

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i6.30706 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Ravichandra Ravi ◽

Srividya Athkuri ◽

Charishma Chowdary Ponugubati ◽

Roopesh Borugadda ◽

Sahithi Pamidimukkala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infection Control ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Measures ◽

World Health ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Infection Control Measures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization

Background: The pandemic caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 is a highly infectious disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the outbreak of Corona Virus Diseases (COVID 19) as a global public health emergency. Currently, research on novel coronaviruses is still in the primary stage. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge and awareness on the usage of mouth masks among dental fraternity during this pandemic COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A total of 507 dentists from the Andhra Pradesh (India) region completed a questionnaire-based survey on knowledge, awareness, and infection control measures, such as usage of mouth masks during the pandemic COVID -19. The questionnaire was tailored from the guidance and the information provided for healthcare workers issued by the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A suitable sampling method was used for the collection of data, and the distribution of responses was presented as percentages. Explanatory statistics were performed for all groups based on the percentage of correct responses. Results: A total of 530 participated in the survey, out of which 507 dentists completely answered the survey, and the response rate was 95.6%. Among the respondents, general practitioners and postgraduates accounted for 58.8% and 41.2%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference for all the questions solicited among the respondents. General or private practitioners seem to be more aware than postgraduates, as they have answered correctly (>65%) for almost all the questions. Conclusion: The inputs from the study help us to throw some light and fill up space where required. There is a specific and strong need to implement periodic educational programmes and training sessions on infection control practices for COVID-19 among dentists in particular.

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Relationship between right-to-left shunt and migraine in patients with epilepsy: a single-centre, cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024144 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. e024144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lin Zhang ◽

Xi Zhu ◽

Xiangmiao Qiu ◽

Yajiao Li ◽

Yucheng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Single Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The Right ◽

Patients With Epilepsy

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between right-to-left shunt and migraine to account for the unexplained high prevalence of migraine in patients with epilepsy.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study. The diagnosis and interview process of patients with migraine was based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta in patients with epilepsy. Participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with contrast medium to identify right-to-left shunt. The highest number of microbubbles were recorded in the left atrium before the complete microbubble outflow of the right atrium. A moderate-to-large shunt was defined as the presence of 10 or more microbubbles.SettingA single-centre, cross-sectional study in China, 2015–2017.ParticipantsPatients with epilepsy.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were the prevalence of migraine, the prevalence of right-to-left shunt in patients with migraine and those without migraine, and the prevalence of migraine in different degrees of shunting.ResultsThree hundred thirty-nine participants with epilepsy who completed TTE were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of migraine was 23.0%. One-third of the migraineurs had mild right-to-left shunt and one-fifth of the migraineurs had moderate-to-large right-to-left shunt. Patients with mild shunt did not have a higher prevalence of migraine than those without shunt (26.3% vs 18.1%, p=0.102); however, a higher prevalence of migraine was found in patients with moderate-to-large shunt (39.0% vs 18.1%, OR=2.90, 95% CI=1.41 to 5.98, p=0.003). Patients with migraine and patients without migraine had similar prevalence of mild shunt; however, patients with migraine had more moderate-to-large shunt (20.5% vs 9.6%, p=0.002). Right-to-left shunt and female were factors predicting migraine prevalence.ConclusionsOne-fifth of migraineurs were correlated with moderate-to-large right-to-left shunt which could be an underlying cause of migraine in epilepsy.

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Weight underestimation linked to anxiety and depression in a cross-sectional study of overweight individuals in a Sami and non-Sami Norwegian population: the SAMINOR Study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031810 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. e031810

Author(s):

Kirsti Kvaløy ◽

Marita Melhus ◽

Anne Silviken ◽

Ann Ragnhild Broderstad

Keyword(s):

Marital Status ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Primary Outcome Measure ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectivesUnderestimation of overweight/obesity may prevent weight loss attempts, resulting in further weight gain and maintenance of overweight. Mental health benefits may nevertheless surpass negative consequences. Our main objective was to study the association between underestimation of overweight/obesity and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Sami and non-Sami populations.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe SAMINOR 2 Clinical Study with participants from 10 municipalities in Northern Norway enrolled between 2012 and 2014.ParticipantsThe study included 3266 adults of multiethnic rural origin with overweight/obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2) whereof 1384 underestimated their weight (42%).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measure was symptoms of anxiety and depression and secondary outcome measures were BMI and the demographic variables: sex, age, education and marital status.ResultsA higher proportion of Sami men compared with non-Sami men were obese, and reported more symptoms of anxiety and depression. More men than women, and a higher proportion of Sami women compared with non-Sami women, underestimated their weight. Multivariable-adjusted analyses showed that women were less likely to underestimate their weight compared with men (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.55 in Sami and OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.42 in non-Sami), higher BMI was protective against weight underestimation (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.75 in Sami and OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.67 in non-Sami), slightly higher odds of weight underestimation were observed with increasing age in both ethnic groups (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05 in Sami and OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.03 in non-Sami), while higher education lowered the odds in non-Sami (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.87). Weight underestimation was protectively associated with anxiety and depression in Sami men (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.84) and in non-Sami women (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.78) adjusted for age, BMI, education and marital status.ConclusionsIndependent of ethnicity, more men than women underestimated their weight. Underestimation of weight was protectively associated with anxiety and depression in Sami men and non-Sami women.

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A cross-sectional study investigating the associations of person-organisation and person-group fit with staff outcomes in mental healthcare

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030669 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e030669

Author(s):

Jessica Herkes ◽

Louise A Ellis ◽

Kate Churruca ◽

Jeffrey Braithwaite

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Work Stress ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Mental Healthcare ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Survey Tool

ObjectivesOrganisational and workplace cultures are fundamental determinants of health systems performance; through better understanding of the dimensions of culture there is the potential to influence them, and subsequently improve safety and quality of care, as well as the experiences of both patients and staff. One promising conceptual framework for studying culture in healthcare is person-environment (P-E) fit. Comprising person-organisational (P-O) and person-group (P-G) components, P-E fit is defined as the extent to which individuals are compatible with their work environment. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of P-O and P-G fit with staff outcomes in mental healthcare.Setting and participantsParticipants (n=213) were staff and volunteers at 31 primary mental health facilities across six states of Australia.Primary and secondary outcome measuresStaff outcomes, comprising burnout (depersonalisation and emotional exhaustion), job satisfaction and work stress.DesignA multidimensional survey tool was used to measure P-O and P-G fit, and staff outcomes. Multiple regression analyses were used to test the associations between fit and outcome measures.ResultsThe regression analyses indicated that, based on a Bonferroni adjusted alpha value of α=00417, P-O fit accounted for 36.6% of the variability in satisfaction (F=8.951, p≤0.001); 27.7% in emotional exhaustion (F=6.766, p≤0.001); 32.8% in depersonalisation (F=8.646, p≤0.001); and 23.5% in work stress (F=5.439, p≤0.001). The P-G fit results were less conclusive, with P-G fit accounting for 15.8% of the variability in satisfaction (F=4.184, p≤0.001); 10.0% in emotional exhaustion (F=2.488, p=0.014); 28.6% in depersonalisation (F=8.945, p≤0.001); and 10.4% in work stress (F=2.590, p=0.032). There was no statistically significant increase in the variability accounted for when the interaction term of P-O and P-G fit was added to the regression.ConclusionsThe findings highlight that staff’s perception of their workplace and organisational culture can have implications for staff well-being.

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Assessment of the level of knowledge, awareness and management of hypertension and diabetes among adults in Imo and Kaduna states, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043951 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e043951

Author(s):

Jennifer Anyanti ◽

Selema Margaret Akuiyibo ◽

Oluwole Fajemisin ◽

Omokhudu Idogho ◽

Babatunde Amoo

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Diabetes Knowledge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

The Mean

ObjectivesThis study was designed to assess levels of awareness, knowledge, attitude and practices relating to hypertension and diabetes among adults aged 35 years resident in selected communities in Imo and Kaduna states, Nigeria.DesignA descriptive cross-sectional study.SettingSelected communities across 14 local government areas in Imo and Kaduna states were included.ParticipantsIn total, 824 adults, aged 35 years or older and resident in selected communities where the Access-N project was being implemented in Imo and Kaduna states participated in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe study assessed the level of hypertension and diabetes knowledge among the participants. Regular blood pressure (BP) and glucose screening practices were also examined as outcome measures.ResultsThe mean age of the respondents was 48.32 years. In total, 778 (94.4%) and 746 (90.5%) of the respondents were aware of hypertension and diabetes, respectively. The mean hypertension and diabetes knowledge scores (±SD) were 4.99 (±1.99) and 8.02 (±2.61), respectively. A total of 326 (41.9%) respondents aware of hypertension had a good knowledge of hypertension while 477 (63.9%) of those aware of diabetes had a good knowledge of diabetes. Levels of hypertension and diabetes knowledge were found to be associated with physical activity and the level of education of the respondents. About two-thirds (62.6%) and less than half (41.5%) of the respondents, respectively check their BP and blood glucose (BG) levels regularly (at least once yearly). Statistically significant associations were observed between age and regular BP and BG level checks.ConclusionsDespite the high awareness rate of hypertension and diabetes observed in this study and a relatively good knowledge about the two conditions, unhealthy lifestyle practices and non-regular routine screening abounds among the respondents. Thus, there is a need to improve access to quality information about hypertension and diabetes aimed at motivating adoption of healthy behaviours.

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Epidemiology of malaria in two Eastern districts of Nepal

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v8i1.3221 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K Parajuli ◽

P Ghimire

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Measures ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Visual Methods ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

The Government

Backgrounds: Malaria is one of the major public health problems in Southeast Asia including Nepal having relatively high burden of malaria. Jhapa and Morang districts are malaria endemic plain area of South-eastern part of Nepal Objectives: The evaluate the recent epidemiology of malaria situation in Jhapa and Morang districts, which are the districts in eastern Nepal with high transmission of malaria and to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the people in prevention and treatment for malaria infection. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with volunteer participation of suspected malaria patients seeking care at the government of Nepal managed primary health care centres located in 2 malaria endemic districts in eastern Nepal. Conventional Giemsa stained thick and thin blood smears prepared from finger prick blood were examined following standard protocols. Suspected patients' / attendants' knowledge on malaria, disease symptoms, prevention and control measures were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Chi square and Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: Among the total 199 malaria suspected cases studied, 32 (16.1%) cases were confirmed by microscopic findings; where, P. vivax was 12.6% (25/199) and P. falciparum in only 3.1% (6/199). The highest numbers of cases were in age group 20-29 years. Among the total positive cases 75% were male and 37.5% were labourers in occupation. Among the total cases, 32 had provided the history of recent travel to malaria endemic area in India, among them 43.8% (P<0.001) were found to be infected with the malarial parasites (P<0.001). Among the total cases, 69.7% showed some knowledge of malaria, among which fever was the most common symptom mentioned by 68.3%. Occupation (P<0.001) and education (P<0.001) were found significantly associated with the knowledge on mode of transmission. Conclusion: Jhapa district showed higher SPR than Morang, which indicated that Jhapa may be more malaria affected than Morang. Knowledge on malaria transmission and preventive measures are still lacking in deep villages, in spite of different efforts of the government. To improve the malaria morbidity in the districts, health education of the most marginalized people through audio visual methods may be beneficial. Key words: Epidemiology; Malaria; Knowledge; Practice; Eastern Nepal DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i1.3221 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 1, Issue 29, 45-50

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Influence of political and medical leaders on parental perception of vaccination: a cross-sectional survey in Australia

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025866 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. e025866 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elissa J Zhang ◽

Abrar Ahmad Chughtai ◽

Anita Heywood ◽

Chandini Raina MacIntyre

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Parental Attitudes ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Market Research Company ◽

Before And After

ObjectivesThe aim of this survey was to investigate parental vaccination attitudes and responses to vaccine-related media messages from political and medical leaders.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study using a semiquantitative questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, X2tests and logistic regression.SettingData were collected from a web-based questionnaire distributed in Australia by a market research company in May of 2017.Participants411 participants with at least one child under 5 were included in this study. The sample was designed to be representative of Australia in terms of gender and state of residence.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were parental attitudes towards childhood immunisation before and after viewing vaccine-related messages from political and medical leaders, including Donald Trump (USA), Pauline Hanson (Australia) and Michael Gannon (Australia). Parents were classified as having ‘susceptible’ (not fixed) or ‘fixed’ (positive or negative) views towards vaccination based on a series of questions.ResultsParents with fixed vaccination views constituted 23.8% (n=98) of the total sample; 21.7% (n=89) were pro-vaccination and 2.2% (n=9) were anti-vaccination. The remaining 76.2% of participants were classified as having susceptible views towards vaccination. Susceptible parents were more likely to report a change in their willingness to vaccinate after watching vaccine-related messages compared with fixed-view parents, regardless of whether the messaging was positive or negative (Trump OR 2.54, 95% CI (1.29 to 5.00); Hanson OR 2.64, 95% CI (1.26 to 5.52); Gannon OR 2.64, 95% CI (1.26 to 5.52)). Susceptible parents were more likely than fixed-view parents to report increased vaccine hesitancy after viewing negative vaccine messages (Trump OR 2.14, 95% CI (1.11 to 4.14), Hanson OR 2.34, 95% CI (1.21 to 4.50)).ConclusionsThe findings suggest that most parents including the vaccinating majorty are susceptible to vaccine messaging from political and medical leaders. Categorising parents as ‘fixed-view’ or ‘susceptible’ can be a useful strategy for designing and implementing future vaccine promotion interventions.

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Contact burns: the influence of agents and mechanisms of injury on anatomical burn locations in children <5 years old and associations with child protection referrals

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2019-318140 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 105 (6) ◽

pp. 580-586

Author(s):

Assim Ali Javaid ◽

Verity Bennett ◽

Linda Hollén ◽

Alison Mary Kemp

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Child Protection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Mechanism Of Injury ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Burn Units ◽

Causative Agents

ObjectiveTo identify how causative agents and mechanisms of injury influence the location of an accidental contact burn in children and whether these factors differ in cases referred for child protection (CP) assessment.DesignProspective multicentre cross-sectional study.Setting20 hospital sites across England and Wales, including: emergency departments, minor injury units and regional burn units.PatientsChildren less than 5 years old who attended hospital for a contact burn (August 2015 to September 2018).Main outcome measuresLocation of burns with respect to agent and mechanism for accidental contact burns. Secondary outcome: mechanism, agent and location of burns referred for CP assessment.Results816 accidental burns and 92 referrals for CP assessment. The most common for accidental burns: mechanism was reaching while stationary (68%, 553/816), agent was oven (24.5%, 200/816) and site was the hand (69.2%, 565/816). Burns to head and trunk were rare at 3.7% (30/816). The data enabled a tabulation of the locations of burns as predicted by agent and mechanism of injury. The location of the burn was most strongly influenced by mechanism.Burns from irons (p<0.01), caused by mechanisms independent of the child (p=0.01), unwitnessed burns (p<0.001) and burns to the head and trunk (p<0.001) were significantly more common among the children referred for CP assessment.ConclusionsBy overlaying agent, mechanism and site it was possible to tabulate and quantify simple narratives of accidental contact burns in population of young children. These findings have the potential to aid clinicians in recognising accidental contact burns.

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