A Computer Scientist's Reactions to NPfIT

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Randell
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Expert Review ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Large Patient ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Media ◽  
Principal Points ◽  
The Government

This paper contains a set of personal views relating to NHS Connecting for Health's National Programme for IT (NPfIT), and in particular its Care Records Service, written from the point of view of a computer scientist, not a medical informatics expert. The principal points made are as follows: Centralisation: Pulling lots of data together (for individual patients and then for large patient populations) harms safety and privacy – it is one byproduct of excessive use of identification when in fact all that is usually needed is authentication. Large centralized data storage facilities can be useful for reliability, but risk exchanging lots of small failures for a lesser number of much larger failures. A much more decentralised approach to electronic patient record (EPR) data and its storage should be investigated. Evolutionary acquisition: Specifying, implementing, deploying and evaluating a sequence of ever more complete IT systems is the best way of ending up with well-accepted and well-trusted systems – especially when this process is controlled by the stakeholders who are most directly involved, rather than by some distant central bureaucracy. Thus authority as well as responsibility should be left with hospital and general practitioner trusts to acquire IT systems that suit their environments and priorities – subject to adherence to minimal interoperability constraints – and to use centralized services (e.g., for system support and back-up) as if and when they choose. Socio-technical issues: Ill-chosen imposed medical IT systems impede patient care, are resisted, result in lots of accidental faults, and lose user support and trust. All these points are attested to by rigorous studies involving expertise from the social sciences (psychology, ethnography, etc.) as well as by technical (medical and computer) experts – much more attention needs to be paid to such studies, and more such studies encouraged. Constructive reviews: A constructive expert review, working closely with Connecting for Health, could be very helpful, but should be evidently independent and open and thus essentially different in nature to past and current inquiries. A review of this nature could not just recommend appropriate changes of plan, and speed progress. It could also contribute to the vital task of helping to restore the trust and confidence of the public and the media in the programme and in the government officials involved.

How to Tell the Truth without Outraging the Press?

MedienJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Li Xiguang
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chinese News Media

The commercialization of meclia in China has cultivated a new journalism business model characterized with scandalization, sensationalization, exaggeration, oversimplification, highly opinionated news stories, one-sidedly reporting, fabrication and hate reporting, which have clone more harm than good to the public affairs. Today the Chinese journalists are more prey to the manipu/ation of the emotions of the audiences than being a faithful messenger for the public. Une/er such a media environment, in case of news events, particularly, during crisis, it is not the media being scared by the government. but the media itself is scaring the government into silence. The Chinese news media have grown so negative and so cynica/ that it has produced growing popular clistrust of the government and the government officials. Entering a freer but fearful commercially mediated society, the Chinese government is totally tmprepared in engaging the Chinese press effectively and has lost its ability for setting public agenda and shaping public opinions. 

scholarly journals Медицинская маска как средство индивидуальной и коллективной защиты в условиях пандемии COVID-19 (кросс-культурные аспекты)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Valentina N. Burkova ◽  
Julia N. Fedenok
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Real Behavior ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Willingness To Use

Using a medical mask is one of the ways to prevent the spread of respiratory infections, including COVID-19. The willingness to use the mask in different countries depends on a number of factors – epidemiological experience, cultural norms and attitudes, economic and political conditions, public awareness, etc. The purpose of this study is to analyze the first reaction of the population to prescriptions or recommendations of authorities to use medical masks as a means of personal protection during COVID-19 in different countries. We used methods of semi-structured in-depth interviews, questionnaires, photo-fixation of elements of people's behavior during the pandemic, content analysis of the media. In total, 366 questionnaires were collected (51 males and 315 females) among Russian-speaking people who were living or staying abroad at the time of the outbreak and spreading of COVID-19, as well as among Russians from different regions of Russia since March 23 to April 10, 2020. An analysis of the data showed that the willingness to use a mask depends on the country of residence of the respondent, gender, social distance and trust in the authorities. The results of the study demonstrate the effect of official decisions on the real behavior of people – the more serious are measures on the part of the government, the more responsible are people about preventive measures and the better they implement them. The results were interpreted from the point of view of “Individualism-Collectivism” dichotomous classification of cultures. These results are the first step of the study and reveal the first stage of people's response to the restrictions. Understanding of socio-cultural and ethnic circumstances of population’s perception and implementation of sanitary-hygienic prescriptions can be used in choosing the most optimal ways of warning and developing efficient methods to encourage the population to adhere to restrictions.

The Losing Media? An Empirical Study of Defamation Litigation in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 371-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin He ◽  
Fen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
News Media ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

AbstractFollowing a well-established research tradition on court decisions, this study analyses 524 defamation cases in China from 1993 to 2013, explores the media's success possibilities, and investigates the role of party capacity, political influence and the medium effect. Contrary to the existing assertions, we find that the media are not necessarily losing. On average, from 1993 to 2013, the success rate of news media in Chinese defamation courts was 42 per cent, and this rate has been increasing since 2005. We also find that government officials and Party organs had consistent advantages in court, while ordinary plaintiffs, magazines and websites had less success. The medium of the media (i.e. print, broadcast, internet) makes a difference, as do the government policies governing the media. In addition, local protectionism exists, but it is less rampant than expected. These findings compel us to rethink the dynamics among the media, the courts and the state, and their implications on China's institutional resilience.

scholarly journals FRAMING NEWS ABOUT INDONESIAN CAPITAL CITY TRANSLOCATION BY ONLINE MEDIA OKEZONE.COM AND VIVA.CO.ID

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Alifia Pradyanti ◽  
Antar Venus ◽  
Vina Mahdalena
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

This study discusses how online media Okezone.com and Viva.co.id frame the news of the Moving of the Indonesian Capital. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative using framing theory. The method used is the Zhongdan Pan and Gerald M. Kosick Model. The model analyzes with four structures namely Syntax (title, lead, background information, source and closing quotes) Scripts (completeness of 5W + 1H news items), Thematic (paragraph propositions between sentences) and Rhetorical (words, idioms, pictures/photographs). This study uses document study data collection techniques originating from uploads of both online media in July-September 2019 related to the Moving of the Indonesian Capital so that six news were collected that were examined as a data analysis unit in this study. The findings obtained from the syntactic structure of the two media use the opposite title, whereby the background information used by Okezone.com is more to the government while Viva.co.id is more to the public. In the structure of the script Okezone.com fulfills the news element, but the resource persons chosen are only one point of view, while Viva.co.id has not fulfilled the news element in the third news. In the thematic structure the two media differ in highlighting their contents even with the same theme. For the rhetorical element, the use of images in both media is sufficient to explain the contents of the news. It is hoped that further research can emphasize media ideology in framing an event. In addition, the media can also display more than one resource so that it can be seen from various points of view. The community itself is expected to dig deeper information by not only from one media.

scholarly journals Defamation Laws and Practice in the Age of Internet in Albania

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Leka
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Judicial Corruption ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

The picture of recent legal developments concerning defamation in Albania is mixed. On the one hand, several criminal defamation and insult statuteshave been abolishedsince 2012, following strong lobbying of human rights organizations. On the other, the application of criminal defamation laws has not stopped, while government officials and other high profile persons have discovered the power of civil defamation claims. Faced with intense criticism, the government has tried to re-introduce the abolished criminal defamation laws and has faced the same strong opposition and international outcry. In the meantime, defamation claims or threats thereof are routinely being used against the media or against the political opponent for the only purposes of creating tension and diffusing the attention of the public. The vagueness of the laws and the inconsistencies of judicial interpretation, helped in no little measure by judicial corruption and the political control of the judiciary, have widened the gap between constitutional and international guarantees of the freedom of speech and the actual enforcement of those guarantees. This article will briefly expose the history of defamation laws in Albania, the difficulties of their application, and the status of affairs concerning defamation laws and claims.

State–Press Relationship in Post-1997 Hong Kong: Constant Negotiation amidst Self-Restraint

2007 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 949-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Ngok
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Moral Force ◽  
The Press ◽  
Negative News ◽  
Multiple Pressures ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

AbstractTen years after the handover, Hong Kong's media faced multiple pressures. There were few cases of outright prosecution of the media, but there were subtle political and economic pressures. Co-optation of media bosses, fear of losing advertising revenue and media takeovers by pro-Beijing figures brought some of the media into line. This brought editorial shift and self-censorship, as the media systematically shied away from stories that might antagonize Beijing, underplayed negative news for the government and gave the democrats less favourable coverage. Interviews with journalists showed little evidence of ostensible intervention from government officials or media bosses, but newsroom socialization and editorial gatekeeping are effective constraints. The constitutional guarantee of freedom of the press and the moral force of professional ethics lent the media the room to defend and negotiate their freedom, but the pervasive fear induced by the political environment invariably overpowered the resistance and constrained press freedom in Hong Kong.

scholarly journals Noises in communication: “double bind” during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-608
Author(s):  
Mladen Stajic ◽  
Bojan Zikic ◽  
Marko Pisev
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Double Bind ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Restrictive Measures

In this paper, through the application of the concept of double bind, formulated by the British anthropologist Gregory Bateson and his associates, the communicative contradiction of messages and instructions related to behavior in circumstances of epidemiological danger, announced by the government officials, doctors and the Crisis Staff during the corona virus epidemic in Serbia will be considered, as well as the consequences of such communication dissonance on the public perception of preventive and restrictive measures. The concept of double bind, which implies communication during which an individual or group from the position of authority continuously receives two or more conflicting messages that are mutually exclusive, without the possibility of feedback and resolving contradictions, is applicable to any type of cultural communication where it is important, although difficult, to correctly distinguish the obtained information. During the COVID-19 epidemic in Serbia, public messages concerning the degree of danger posed by the virus, contagion and mortality, vulnerable groups, the possibility of acquiring collective immunity, effective prevention measures, etc., were often accompanied by contradictory statements from policy makers or their actions, behavior and non-verbal communication that were contrary to what was verbally communicated and recommended. Since the communication was mostly oneway during the epidemic, because information was announced from the position of authority, through the media and at press conferences that were suspended for a certain period, without the possibility of clarifying the dilemmas, the collective dissatisfaction of recipients caused by misunderstandings and contradictions often manifested itself through humor, satire, refusal of obedience, protests, etc. This paper will consider the way in which double bind can represent a form of control and a shift of responsibility not only at the individual or family level, but also at the level of the society as a whole.

scholarly journals AUDIENCE AND PUBLIC SERVICE ADVERTISEMENT ABOUT THE DANGERS OF SMOKING

INFORMASI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Awanis Akalili
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Active Audience ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Public service advertisement which said “Berhentilah Menikmati Rokok Sebelum Rokok Menikmati Anda” is a warning the dangers of smoking which is aired on television. This advertisement is produced by the government to make smokers realize the dangers of smoking among young people especially students. However, this aim cannot be so easily achieved because the community nowadays is not a passive audience but it has moved into active audience. By taking four informants, this study tries to answer the question of how the student smokers among gang understand the advertising messages in public service advertisement which said “Berhentilah Menikmati Rokok Sebelum Rokok Menikmati Anda” on television. A reception analysis is chosen as the research method because this method can see how the audience understands the media messages based on the difference background they have. Based on the results of the study, it is found that four informants are able to negotiate with the advertising message on public service advertisement which said “Berhentilah Menikmati Rokok Sebelum Rokok Menikmati Anda”. The four informants are able to understand the messages from that advertising by using their own point of view. The difference of meaning is affected by two things: the family environment and the existence as a gang member. Two informants receive the advertisement, while two other informants assume that the public service advertisement does not correspond to the reality. AUDIENS DAN IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG BAHAYA MEROKOKklan layanan masyarakat “Berhentilah Menikmati Rokok Sebelum Rokok Menikmati Anda” adalah peringatan bahaya merokok yang ditayangkan melalui televisi. Iklan ini diproduksi pemerintah dengan tujuan menyadarkan para perokok akan bahaya merokok, terutama kaum muda khususnya para pelajar. Hanya saja tujuan tersebut tidak bisa semudah itu dicapai karena saat ini masyarakat bukan kelompok penonton pasif tetapi sudah bergerak sebagai audiens aktif. Dengan mengambil empat informan, penelitian ini mencoba menjawab pertanyaan tentang bagaimana pelajar perokok di lingkungan geng meresepsi pesan iklan dalam iklan layanan masyarakat “Berhentilah Menikmati Rokok Sebelum Rokok Menikmati Anda” di media televisi. Analisis resepsi sendiri dipilih sebagai metode penelitian karena metode ini melihat bagaimana audiens memahami pesan media berdasarkan perbedaan latar belakang yang dimiliki. Berdasar dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan fakta bahwa keempat informan mampu bernegosiasi dengan pesan iklan pada tayangan iklan layanan masyarakat “Berhentilah Menikmati Rokok Sebelum Rokok Menikmati Anda”. Keempat informan mampu memahami pesan iklan yang disampaikan dengan sudut pandang mereka masing-masing. Perbedaan pemaknaan ini dipengaruhi oleh dua hal yaitu lingkungan keluarga dan keberadaan sebagai anggota geng. Dua informan menerima wacana yang di sampaikan, sementara dua informan lainnya menganggap tayangan iklan layanan masyarakat tersebut tidak sesuai dengan realitas.

scholarly journals Sociology of sport, media and disability in Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Josep Solves
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Advanced Country ◽  
Sport Media ◽  
Current State ◽  
Athletes With Disabilities ◽  
The Media ◽  
Paralympic Sport ◽  
The Government

Today, Spain is an advanced country in the field of sport for people with disabilities. Thanks to social movement led by National Blind Organization (ONCE) since the mid-80s, the Paralympic Games in Barcelona in 1992, the birth of the Spanish Paralympic Committee in 1995 and the Paralympic Sport Support Plan (ADOP) by the Government, Spain is a Paralympic power and many athletes with disabilities are socially known and admired people. However, there are yet situations of social and economic discrimination. Surely the media have powerfully influenced for improve the image of these athletes with disabilities, but still they use to give the sport for people with disabilities much less coverage than they give to other sports. From a sociological point of view, the study of sport is consolidating as a scientific area and in recent decades it has highlighted the connections between sport and society in various fields. In particular, sport for people with disabilities has become one of the areas that has evolved, especially in relation to their physical, psychological and social benefits. However, the study area relating adapted sports and mass communication is poorly developed in Spain and the references are still sporadic. The aim of this article is to show the current state of studies on sport for people with disabilities from the point of view of sociology and communication sciences in Spain, as well as the relevance of deepening these studies to achieve understanding and, as far as possible, improve the situation of these people.

scholarly journals The Internalization of Pancasila Values through Ethics and Character Education of Nations (Balinese Social-Cultural Perspective)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Pande Wayan Renawati
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Ethical Education ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Role Of The Government

<p><em>Indonesia is a country with a massive cultural diversity in every region. The cultural community certainly has its own characteristics to show their respective traditions with the natural forces of the region both real (sekala) and intangible (niskala). In that case, to live the socio -cultural life is certainly not independent of the procedures, attitudes and ethics when dealing with society. now, ethical attitudes in character seem almost extinct and neglected. This is becoming more viral with the participation of unethical attitudes by young people through youtube content, InstaGram, and other electronic media that have been rapidly developing lately. So it is necessary the role of parents, the role of educators, and the role of the government to be able to filter the food on the media and always direct the students to always improve the values of Pancasila as the basis of being ethical as a moral teaching. In this case, Pancasila will be discussed through ethical education from the point of view of Balinese Theology and Culture.</em></p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document