Management of Soil-Water Resources in Golf Courses

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina C. Tapias ◽  
Miquel Salgot
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Allochthonous Species ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Soil Water Resources ◽  
Water Uses

Water, soil, and turfgrass are the key elements in the environmental management of golf courses. All of them must be combined to create a modified ecosystem meeting the needs of the golf player. For several reasons, golf courses and golf itself are suffering from a misunderstanding and lack of a positive image in several European countries. Thus, the correct management and the wise use of natural resources, land, and water are nowadays paramount for the golf world. There are arguments about the amount of water used for golf course irrigation on the grounds of excess water resources employed, competition with other water uses, and the attitude of part of the public that considers golf as a sumptuary activity. Soil is also considered as a resource because golf courses use considerable amounts of land, for a limited amount of people, during the year. A discussion arises on whether land is modified in an irreversible way or not. Many times, the debate is not centred on the green areas, but on the built areas surrounding courses. Plants are the third element in a golf course, no less important, and the discussion in this case derives from the use of allochthonous species, usually consuming more water than the autochthonous ones.

Mapeamento do Descarte de Medicamentos em um Município do Sul de Minas Gerais/ Mapping and Disposal of Medicines at a Municipality in Southern Minas Gerais

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Daniele Cristina Braz Dos Santos ◽  
Alexandre Magno Batista Machado ◽  
Fábio Vieira Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
The Public ◽  
Unused Medications ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
City State ◽  
Soil Water Resources ◽  
Proper Disposal

Objetivo: O trabalho teve por objetivo mapear, quantificar e verificar a destinação dos medicamentos vencidos e em desuso, e contribuir com uma discussão sobre os problemas gerados com a destinação imprópria desses medicamentos e os impactos causados ao meio ambiente na cidade de Itajubá/MG. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa utilizou o método quantitativo de corte transversal, sendo realizada no período de maio a agosto de 2014. Participaram da pesquisa um total de trinta farmácias da cidade de Itajubá. As entrevistas foram realizadas com os responsáveis técnicos das farmácias (farmacêuticos), de forma individual, procurando identificar a forma de manejo e descarte dos fármacos. Do mesmo modo, procurou-se evidenciar como os colaboradores se comportam em relação a importância ecológica do descarte correto e como veem a importância de conscientizar a população. Resultados e Discussão: O consumo de medicamentos vem aumentando expressivamente nas últimas décadas, devido ao estímulo publicitário e à automedicação. Com isso, cada vez mais medicamentos são produzidos e descartados de forma inadequada, o que põe em risco o solo, os recursos hídricos e principalmente, a saúde humana. Por meio dos resultados obtidos pode-se perceber que poucos indivíduos possuem a conscientização do descarte correto dos medicamentos. Conclusão: A falta de colaboração por parte do poder público local em instruir a comunidade pode ser um dos motivos onde ainda existem muitas pessoas desinformadas. Apesar das farmácias estarem implementando um programa de destinação, poucas entendem ou sabem a destinação correta dos resíduos de medicamentos. Palavra-chave: Saúde. Medicamento. Destinação. ABSTRACTObjective: The study aimed to map, quantify and verify the allocation of accrued and unused medications, and contribute to a discussion of the problems created by improper disposal of these medications and the impacts to the environment in the Itajubá city state/MG. Materials and Methods: The research used a cross quantitative sectional study and was conducted in the period May to August 2014.  A total of 30 pharmacies from Itajubá participated. Interviews were conducted with the technical managers of the establishments surveyed, individually, seeking to identify the form of handling and disposal of medications. Similarly, sought to highlight how employees behave towards the ecological importance of proper disposal and how they see the importance to educate the public. Results and Discussion: The consumption of drugs has been increasing significantly in recent decades due to the advertising stimulus and self-medication. With this, more and more medications are produced and discarded improperly, putting the soil, water resources and especially human health at risk. Through the results obtained can be seen that few individuals possess the awareness of proper disposal of medications. Conclusion: The lack of cooperation from the local government to instruct the community can be one of the reasons where there are still many uninformed people. Although pharmacies are implementing a program allocation, few understand or know the proper disposal of waste medicines. Keywords: Health. Medicine. Destination

Study on Environmental Issues of Golf Course Construction in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 4133-4137
Author(s):  
Ke Yin Shen ◽  
Xian Juan Kou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Cost

The rapid development of Golf in China has brought not only illegal construction in the number of golf courses, but also a certain degree of environmental problems, which were questioned by the public and restricted by national policies. Based on the perspective of environmental protection,we study the consumption of water, a lot of land encroachment, destruction of the ecological environment and other issues in the construction of Golf course by using of literature, case studies and other research methods. we propose that the specific strategies on development Golf and protect environment combined with the importance of environmental protection. Development of golf is not simply the pursuit of increasing the number of golf courses, nor at the expense of the ecological environment at the cost of one-sided pursuit of economic, social neglect, but under the protection of the environment, the premise of sustainable use of resources, and take the road of sustainable development.

scholarly journals Determination of rainwater harvesting tank size

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 822-831 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Water Uses ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

<div> <p>Onsite rainwater harvesting is an inexpensive water source for indoor use; it is also a sustainable water management practice, since it may contribute to the reduction of runoff volume and peaks, and to the control of non-point source pollution. The aim of this paper is to provide a method for sizing rainwater harvesting tanks based on the local daily rainfall record, the served family size, the roof collection area, the roof type, the in-house water uses, and other factors. Various methods used worldwide are presented and compared. The comparative application of these methods is made using a daily rainfall record from a meteorological station near Kimmeria Village in Xanthi, Northeast Greece. Based on the proposed method here, the optimum tank size is computed by allowing excess water to overflow and setting to zero the use of the public water supply; the method may result in reduced tank sizes compared to other methods tested.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Water Resources Management for Konya Basin Agriculture Under Different Projections

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal ACAR ◽  
Ramazan TOPAK ◽  
Mithat DIREK
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Farmer Education ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Water Uses

Global warming, population increase and environmental pollution have adversely affected water resources in most countries as well as Turkey. As we all know that there is a strong relationship between sustainable water management and economic development. Approximately 90% of total area is irrigated by surface irrigation methods and about 75% of the water resources are being used in agriculture of Turkey. Water resources of Konya Closed Basin, KCB, of Turkey are mostly groundwater and very scarce. Agriculture with present status has resulted excess water uses in Basin. The possible most important reason of over water uses is increase of the planting areas of highly water consumption crops, such as sugar beet and involving great water consumption crops to the current crop pattern. If this trend continues, groundwater potential of basin will be wiped out in near future. To solve such problems, excess water uses from the basin resources should be avoided by increasing the land size of low water consuming crops. On the other hand, people especially in rural areas and other whole society are senseless about the importance of water resources and dangers of drought. They should be informed about the efficient water uses in agriculture by organizing some activities such as farmer education, seminars. There should be a new legislation about sustainable water uses. In this paper, firstly water resources-agriculture relationships in KCB will be analyzed and then factors necessitating efficient use and management of water resources under social, environmental, economic and political reasons will be discussed.

scholarly journals Out of the rough: how can municipalities better utilize their golf lands?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy James Watt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Parks And Recreation ◽  
The Public

Golf has declined in recent years as younger generations fail to take up the sport leaving many municipally-owned golf courses in financial trouble. As cities face numerous growing challenges such as housing, public transit and the lack of public greenspaces, closing municipal golf courses has been touted as a possible solution. While municipal golf courses are open to the public, barriers to entry such as a dress code and green fees have left them inaccessible to many residents making them not truly public spaces. Municipal golf courses however do have benefits such as providing an affordable golfing experience in an urban setting. This research paper will look at how municipalities can better utilize their golf course lands with a focus on two City of Toronto municipal golf courses: Scarlett Woods Golf Course and Dentonia Park Golf Course. This paper highlights the different options cites could employ to adapt their golf facilities. Key Words: golf, golf courses, parks and recreation, Toronto, redevelopment, adaptation, parks and physical activity, Scarlett Woods, Dentonia Park,

scholarly journals Out of the rough: how can municipalities better utilize their golf lands?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy James Watt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Parks And Recreation ◽  
The Public

Golf has declined in recent years as younger generations fail to take up the sport leaving many municipally-owned golf courses in financial trouble. As cities face numerous growing challenges such as housing, public transit and the lack of public greenspaces, closing municipal golf courses has been touted as a possible solution. While municipal golf courses are open to the public, barriers to entry such as a dress code and green fees have left them inaccessible to many residents making them not truly public spaces. Municipal golf courses however do have benefits such as providing an affordable golfing experience in an urban setting. This research paper will look at how municipalities can better utilize their golf course lands with a focus on two City of Toronto municipal golf courses: Scarlett Woods Golf Course and Dentonia Park Golf Course. This paper highlights the different options cites could employ to adapt their golf facilities. Key Words: golf, golf courses, parks and recreation, Toronto, redevelopment, adaptation, parks and physical activity, Scarlett Woods, Dentonia Park,

Listening for the “Still Small Voice” of Mendelssohn’s Domestic Elijah

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-77
Author(s):  
Peter Mercer-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Second Phase ◽  
Divine Presence ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Interpretive Approach ◽  
Will To Live ◽  
Three Phases

The notion that there might be autobiographical, or personally confessional, registers at work in Mendelssohn’s 1846 Elijah has long been established, with three interpretive approaches prevailing: the first, famously advanced by Prince Albert, compares Mendelssohn’s own artistic achievements with Elijah’s prophetic ones; the second, in Eric Werner’s dramatic formulation, discerns in the aria “It is enough” a confession of Mendelssohn’s own “weakening will to live”; the third portrays Elijah as a testimonial on Mendelssohn’s relationship to the Judaism of his birth and/or to the Christianity of his youth and adulthood. This article explores a fourth, essentially untested, interpretive approach: the possibility that Mendelssohn crafts from Elijah’s story a heartfelt affirmation of domesticity, an expression of his growing fascination with retiring to a quiet existence in the bosom of his family. The argument unfolds in three phases. In the first, the focus is on that climactic passage in Elijah’s Second Part in which God is revealed to the prophet in the “still small voice.” The turn from divine absence to divine presence is articulated through two clear and powerful recollections of music that Elijah had sung in the oratorio’s First Part, a move that has the potential to reconfigure our evaluation of his role in the public and private spheres in those earlier passages. The second phase turns to Elijah’s own brief sojourn into the domestic realm, the widow’s scene, paying particular attention to the motivations that may have underlain the substantial revisions to the scene that took place between the Birmingham premiere and the London premiere the following year. The final phase explores the possibility that the widow and her son, the “surrogate family” in the oratorio, do not disappear after the widow’s scene, but linger on as “para-characters” with crucial roles in the unfolding drama.

Marketing Responsible Drinking Effectively to Young Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colby Doyle ◽  
Matthew Gaudet ◽  
Dominic Lay ◽  
Amber McLeod ◽  
Robert Schaeffer
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Major Question ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Vague Quantifiers ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Alberta Health

The primary goal of this research is to identify and examine the components of responsible drinking advertisements. We will examine industry and government related advertisements as we try to understand one of our major questions: does the source influence the validity of the message? The next group of major questions that we will be looking to answer is how are the vague quantifiers used in responsible drinking campaigns interpreted by the public?  How many drinks do people consider “too much?” What does “drink responsibly” really mean? The third major question is whether or not an individual’s current consumption patterns of alcohol have any effect on how individuals assess responsible drinking campaigns. Our qualitative research has indicated that social influences can be strongly related with drinking patterns; this will be further examined in our quantitative research. Also, we will be looking into some of the psychology behind industry and government sponsored advertisements as well as gathering and interpreting information from a sample of our target demographic. Our target demographic consists of both male and females between the ages 18-24. Our literature review and qualitative analysis gave us good insight into some of the potential answers to our questions. We will use these potential answers from our previous research to guide us as we attempt to conduct conclusive research based on a sample data of 169 individuals. Our findings will aid us in developing conclusions and recommendations for Alberta Health Services.

Loading rates of nutrients discharging from a golf course and a neighboring forested basin

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Kunimatsu ◽  
Miki Sudo ◽  
Takeshi Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Japanese Cypress ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Runoff Rate

In the last ten years, the number of golf courses has been increasing in some countries as the game gains popularity. This indicates, a need to estimate the nutrient loading from golf courses in order to prevent the eutrophication of water bodies. Nutrient concentrations and flow rates of a brook were measured once a week from 1989 to 1990 at two sites: Site A of a brook flowing out from D-golf course (53 ha) and Site B of the same brook discharging into the golf course from an upper forested basin (23 ha) covered mainly with planted Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa SIEB. et ZUCC). The bedrock of the area was granite. The annual values of precipitation and mean temperature were 1947 mm and 13.5°C in 1989, respectively. The arithmetic average values of discharge from the forested basin and the golf course were 0.392 and 1.26 mg/l total nitrogen (TN), 0.0072 and 0.145 mg/l total phosphorus (TP), 0.82 and 3.53 mg/l potassium ion (K+, 5.92 and 8.24 mg/l sodium ion (Na+), 2.1 and 9.9 mg/l suspending solid (0.001–2.0 mm, SS), 0.087 and 0.147 mS/cm electric conductivity (EC), and 0.031 and 0.037 m3/km2•s specific discharge, respectively. The loading rates of the forested basin and the golf course were 5.42 and 13.5 TN, 0.133 and 3.04 TP, 8.84 and 33.9 K+, 55.0 and 73.0 Na+, and 54.3 and 118 SS in kg/ha•y. The leaching and runoff rate of nitrogen in the chemical fertilizers applied on the golf course was calculated as 32%. These results indicated the importance of controlling the phosphorus loading for the management of golf courses.

Case Study #4: Star Trek by Gene Roddenberry

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Ken Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Star Trek ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gene Roddenberry ◽  
Common Goals

Star Trek began as a 1960s television series led by a swashbuckling starship Captain, an intellectual off-world first officer, and a multicultural, heart-of-gold crew. In the third of a century since its appearance on our home screens, the series Gene Roddenberry created has become a world-wide phenomenon.Star Trek is also a rich treasure trove of administrative literature: The setting — usually a starship, sometimes a planetary government organization. The characters are clearly delineated, colorful, share common goals, distinguish between their personal and professional roles and concerns, and serve well as archetypes for distinct organizational personalities. And the missions are clear, benevolent, in the public interest, and frequently controversial.As you watch an episode of one of the four Star Trek series, how many of these facets can you observe?That’s public administration, all right, but in a very different wrapper

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