Using a satellite-aircraft hybrid system based on the same sensor to monitor oil and gas facilities for methane emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Hanford J. Deglint ◽  
Warren D. Shaw ◽  
Jean-Francois Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
The World ◽  
Imaging Camera

Monitoring methane emissions from oil and gas facilities requires the combination of several technologies to gain a full understanding of the challenge at a manageable cost. The integration of frequent and affordable high resolution satellite measurements to find the larger leaks with less frequent, but more expensive, aerial surveys, forms the basis of a tiered monitoring system showing great promise to optimise leak detection and repair activities. In this extended abstract, examples of methane emissions measurements from controlled releases and at oil and gas facilities acquired with both GHGSat’s second satellite, Iris (launched in September 2020) and the airborne variant of the same sensor are presented. While the combination of different technologies is not uncommon, this system is the first in the world utilising the same sensor at two different altitudes. The performance parameters of each system are highlighted and supported with recent examples. In addition, the advantages of the hybrid system will be discussed, including the opportunity for cross-validation of measurements. Finally, the potential of such a system to be used for regulatory reporting purposes will be discussed and contrasted to the standard of performing optical gas imaging camera campaigns three times a year used in some jurisdictions, notably in Canada and the United States.

A New World Economic order formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 932-950
Author(s):  
Vladislav Vyacheslavovich Emelyanov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Order ◽  
The West ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
World Economic Order ◽  
The Impact

Every few decades, the world order changes due to various geopolitical, economic and other circumstances. For example, as a result of globalization, the world order has undergone significant changes in the last forty years. Globalization has led to the destruction of the postwar world order, as well as to world leadership by the United States and the West. However, in recent decades, as a result of globalization, the U.S. and the West began to cede their leadership to developing countries, so there is now a change in the economic structure of relations in the world system. Today the center of economic growth is in the East, namely in Asia. There are no new superpowers in the world at the moment, but the unipolar world will cease to exist due to the weakening of the U. S. leadership, which will lead to a change in the world order. A new leader, which may replace the U. S., will not have as wide range of advantages as the USA has. Most likely, the essence of the new order will be to unite the largest countries and alliances into blocks, for example, the USA together with the Trans-Pacific Partnership, the EU, etc. The article outlines forecasts of GDP growth rates as well as the global energy outlook; analyzes the LNG market as well as the impact of the pandemic on the global oil and gas market; and lists the characteristics of U. S. geopolitics.

Guest Editorial: How To Meet Declining Oil Demand

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (06) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Dwayne Purvis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Percentage Basis

As the world reaches a tipping point in its will to address climate change, the industry must find a new way forward, especially in the United States. Many are right to say that oil and gas are not going away; the transition is planned to take 30 years or more and will not decline to zero production. This fact, though, obscures the reality that peaking, then declining, demand for oil—gas is another story—will structurally change and globally redistribute the industry’s exploration and employment. The story of oil supply and demand began its race to the top 150 years ago. “Shortage” and “glut” have meant that paired growth got out of sync, not that there was a real loss of production. For many decades the world has needed about 1 million B/D more each year than the previous year, but on a percentage basis growth has slowed. At the same time supply from previous years declines about 5 to 6% per year, arguably higher in recent years. The treadmill for new supply has been running hot for decades. All major public forecasts in the past year call for oil demand to plateau between now and about 2030 when accounting for ongoing changes to policy. (To be clear, some show a peak in the 2030s in “business as usual” cases, but they also show even sooner peaks if policy and demand changes accelerate). BP’s Energy Outlook 2020 from last fall took the bold—and well-argued—position that peak oil demand is today and that it is only a question of how fast demand declines. “Peak” demand isn’t really a peak like the Matterhorn; it is flatter like a weathered jebel. We know this from the example of the peak oil demand experienced by the developed world. We also know from that experience that forecasting agencies failed to predict the peak OECD oil demand in 2005 literally by decades even as demand turned down. Reversal of demand growth presents a figurative and mathematical inflection point. Though existing production continues, growth becomes negative, and the pace of the new-supply treadmill plummets. When the need for new supply approximately halves, the Pareto principle tells us that the number of new projects required will fall more than half. Thus, the need for those industry professionals preferentially tasked with finding new oil supply—geophysicists, exploration geologists, drillers, reservoir engineers, landmen—may fall quickly. Other disciplines like operations that service existing production will face only the headwinds of cost reductions and then the long, slow slide toward mid-century targets. The United States via its swarm of large and small companies has dominated the global supply story for more than a decade with its unique shale revolution, but it had previously shriveled to a second-tier producer. Fig. 1 shows 55 years of oil production history. Fig. 1a shows the US supply deconstructed to its functional parts while Fig. 1b shows ascendent producers on the same scales.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOFUELS WITH A FEEDSTOCK FUEL COMPLEX.

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (391) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
N.B. Shamuratova ◽  
Y.S. Baitilenova ◽  
A.N. Narenova ◽  
Zh.A. Nazikova ◽  
A.A. Kamerova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Biofuels are viewed as a possible fuel of the future. Concerning energy for cars there is intense “competition” stemming from electricity and rising in popularity due to modern research is also hydrogen. In general, biofuels are nowadays strongly supported in the European Union as well as in the United States of America and many other regions of the world. Active management in the oil and gas industry needs to take in account knowledge not only about fossil fuels but also various types of alternative fuels like biofuels. This thesis goal is to analyze the economics of producing Bio-Crude oil from a plant called Jatrophae curcadis, (or also known as “purging nut”). It is nowadays growing around subtropical regions of the North American continent, especially in Mexico, and southern Asia, and with lower yield can grow even in arid wastelands of Central Asia (in arid Mali it is grown to hold wildlife from plants). It is the very undemanding plant so the biofuel produced from it can be very cheap compared to other biofuels. The oil produced from this plant is not being traded on commodities markets yet but is viewed as biofuel of the future as currently sold soybean oil and palm oil are according to my analysis more expensive in many areas of the world. Production of the plant seeds (nuts) when pressed leads to bio-crude oil which can be processed to biocrude. Economic analysis showed that given irrigation and good genetic selection of the plants to give higher production of seeds (price of the kg would be determining factor), the biocrude produced from the seeds has the potential to successfully compete with alternative fuels made from soybean or palm oils.

Hydraulic Fracturing and Legal Frameworks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
The World ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Opening Up

An oil and gas extraction technique called hydraulic fracturing has been common in the United States for many decades. However, a recent change in this technique—the development of a specific fracturing or “fracking” practice called slickwater or slickwater fracturing—has turned the world of petroleum extraction on its head, opening up massive new deposits of oil and gas in the United States and around the world. This article uses the United States as a case study of the benefits and risks of fracturing and the legal frameworks that apply to this practice, exploring how the legal approach has been largely piecemeal and reactive. US states have been the primary regulatory bodies responsible for controlling risks, and their regulations vary substantially. The federal government also has regulated in limited areas, however—again in a largely reactive and patchwork manner.

Monitoring of Methane Emissions in Oil and Gas from Space: Matching Needs with Satellite System Capability, and Advantages of High Resolution Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
The World

Abstract Satellites are a powerful tool in monitoring methane emissions around the world. In the last five years, many new systems have been both announced and deployed, each with different capabilities and designed for a specific purpose. With an increase in options also comes confusion as to how these systems can and should be used, especially in meeting the needs of the oil and gas industry. This paper will examine the different satellite systems available and explain what information they are best suited to provide. The performance parameters of several current and future satellite systems will be presented and supported with recent examples when available. For example, the importance of factors like frequency of revisit, detection threshold, and spatial resolution will be discussed and contrasted with the needs of the oil and gas industry in gaining a more complete understanding of its methane emissions and enabling action to mitigate them. Results from GHGSat's second generation of high-resolution satellites displaying measurements of methane plumes at oil and gas facilities around the world will be presented to demonstrate some of the advantages of the technology. These two satellites, GHGSat-C1 and C2 (Iris and Hugo), were launched in September 2020 and January 2021 respectively and have started delivering a tenfold improvement in performance after incorporating the lessons learned from their predecessor, GHGSat's demonstration satellite Claire. Finally, the ability of these systems to work together and complement each other's capabilities to provide actionable insight to the oil and gas industry will be discussed.

Notes from the Editors, June 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. c2-63
Author(s):  
The Editors
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Tight Oil ◽  
Shale Oil ◽  
The World ◽  
The U.S

buy this issue The current massive oil glut is the product of the effects of the tight oil or shale oil revolution, which for a time turned the United States into the biggest oil and gas producer in the world. Now, suddenly as a result of an overproduction of world oil, made far worse by the sudden falloff in demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we are witnessing the possible euthanasia of the U.S. tight oil industry, bleeding cash even before the oil price collapse and encumbered with mountains of debt.

scholarly journals Assessment of potential additions to conventional oil and gas resources of the world (outside the United States) from reserve growth, 2012

Fact Sheet ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Klett ◽  
Troy A. Cook ◽  
Ronald R. Charpentier ◽  
Marilyn E. Tennyson ◽  
E.D. Attanasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
Reserve Growth ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
Conventional Oil

scholarly journals Methane emissions from oil and gas production sites in Alberta, Canada

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Zavala-Araiza ◽  
Scott C. Herndon ◽  
Joseph R. Roscioli ◽  
Tara I. Yacovitch ◽  
Matthew R. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Airborne Measurement ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
Light Oil ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

We performed ground-based measurements (downwind, site-wide characterization) of methane emissions from older light oil and natural gas production sites in Alberta, Canada (Red Deer region, 60 measured sites). We developed a distribution of site-based methane emissions and as previously found in production regions in the United States, a small fraction of the sites account for the majority of methane emissions: 20% of the sites emit three quarters of the methane from oil and gas production. Using empirically derived emission factors, we compared an estimate of regional methane emissions, to a top-down airborne-based measurement of the same region. The airborne measurement was 35% lower, though not statistically different (4,800 ± 3,200 vs. 3,100 ± 2,200 kg CH4 h–1). In Alberta, the majority of these oil and gas emissions go unreported under current reporting requirements. Effective mitigation will most likely require frequent monitoring to identify high-emitting sites as well as leaky components that we hypothesize are also a major contributor to emissions.

European Energy Alternatives and Turkey's Compatibility

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-121
Author(s):  
Selma Aytüre
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
The World

Energy is an issue of strategic importance to the European Union and Turkey. Both are dependent to the outside. EU is the world's largest energy importer and second largest energy consumer after the United States. Turkey's alignment with the EU's energy policy is extremely important for EU in terms of increasing the diversity and quality of its energy resources. Turkey's strategic location makes Turkey a land of passage for transporting oil and gas to Europe. This geopolitical importance is an important opportunity for both sides. In this chapter, EU's position on energy in the world has been explained first. Then the energy situation and energy policy in EU has been examined. Secondly, Turkey's energy policy and compatibility to EU together with complementary role to EU on Energy has been presented.

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