TAXATION OF FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
P. van den Broek
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Major Flaw ◽  
Hedging Rules ◽  
Commodity Derivatives ◽  
Financial Arrangements ◽  
A Company

This paper looks at the proposal by the Federal Government to introduce a new regime for the taxation of financial arrangements. Such a change has been on the Government's agenda for some time. In 1993, an initial proposal was put forward, but serious concerns were raised by the business community. The Government's proposal re-surfaced in December 1996 with some modifications to address the concerns raised to the initial proposal but in the writer's view, these modifications do not satisfactorily address the concerns.The proposals basically seek to tax accrued and unrealised gains on financial arrangements such as foreign exchange loans and derivatives, including commodity derivatives. For instance, if a company has a foreign exchange loan, any unrealised foreign exchange gains at year end would need to be recognised for tax purposes, even though they may never be realised because of subsequent fluctuations in exchange rates.To address the concern that unrealised gains may never be realised, the ATO has put forward a proposal that if the foreign exchange or other transaction is a hedge against changes in value of an underlying transaction, unrealised gains do not need to be recognised for tax purposes until the underlying transaction is realised. For instance, if a company borrows in US dollars because its future revenue stream is in US dollars, unrealised foreign exchange gains would not need to be recognised until the revenue is derived.However, there is a major flaw in these hedging rules. If the hedging transaction is rolled over, any gain at the time of rollover needs to be recognised, even though the revenue that is being hedged has not been realised. Debt instruments and derivatives are often rolled over as part of the financial management of a large resource company and therefore, the new proposals in their current form would cause serious problems in that financial management.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY'S FINANCES WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF ESTABLISHING SUSTAINABLE CONTINUOUS LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL STABILITY UNDER GLOBAL PROCESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodan Subotić ◽  
Goran Mitrović ◽  
Vitomir Starčević
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
A Company ◽  
Adequate Management

Globalization, in its current form, represents a new dynamic complex, especially when it comes to its implications for the economy and business of economic entities. It manifests its implications not only through competition, but also through economic growth and development. A modern company should provide adequate management that is able to create and develop comparative advantages that will enable it to be actively involved in global market flows. Global changes have conditioned a new way of doing business, and thus a significant turn in the approach to financial management. This has led to changes in the basic economic settings and criteria for successful management and business. The financial position of a company is one of the indicators of the company's success to function in a global and turbulent market environment. Starting from this fact, a practical treatment of this problem and analytical indicators of the financial position of the three dependent production companies operating within the MH Elektroprivreda Republike Srpske will be done. The aim of the research is to show the extent to which the management of these companies has accepted the requirements of global economic processes and adapted their business to them. That is, whether financial management provides a satisfactory level of liquidity and financial stability of these three companies.

The Role of Web Based Accounting Online System 2.0 as the Company's Income and Expense Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Nur Azizah ◽  
Dedeh Supriyanti ◽  
Siti Fairuz Aminah Mustapha ◽  
Holly Yang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Bank Account ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Online System ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

In a company, the process of income and expense of money must have a profit-generating goal base. The success of financial management within the company, can be monitored from the ability of the financial management in managing the finances and utilize all the opportunities that exist with as much as possible with the aim to control the company's cash (cash flow) and the impact of generating profits in accordance with expectations. With a web-based online accounting system version 2.0, companies can be given the ease to manage money in and out of the company's cash. It has a user friendly system with navigation that makes it easy for the financial management to use it. Starting from the creation of a company's cash account used as a cash account and corporate bank account on the system, deletion or filing of cash accounts, up to the transfer invoice creation feature, receive and send money. Thus, this system is very effective and efficient in the management of income and corporate cash disbursements.   Keywords:​Accounting Online System, Financial Management, Cash and Bank

The Decision of the General Meeting of Members in a Non-Public Business Company: Concept and Types

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-169
Author(s):  
V. K. Andreev ◽  
◽  
V. A. Kondratiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
State Register ◽  
Business Results ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
State Registration ◽  
A Company

Introduction. The article examines the features of holding general meetings of members in non-public business companies, in particular questions about the place of decisions of general meeting in the system of legal facts, their relationship with the deal and the contract. The ability to use digital technology in decision making. Theoretical Basis. Methods. The article is based on an analysis of the norms of positive law, primarily the Civil Code and the Laws on Company Business. Results. The authors conclude that the starting point in the activities of a non-public business company is the acquisition and exercise of their civil rights and the fulfilment of duties, and not a legal relationship that includes civil rights and civil duties as a necessary element. In addition, the decision of a general meeting, despite having many features in common, is not a deal. The decision of a general meeting, acting as an act of individual regulation, is in fact an act of a legal entity, and not a decision of the business community. The authors proposed a classification of decisions of meetings of business entities, depending on the method of their adoption, the possibilities being: the unanimously adoption by all participants of the company; decisions of the meeting of members of a company being adopted by a majority, or a qualified majority, of votes; decisions of the meeting of members of a company to change its charter, reorganization and liquidation of the company, requiring state registration in the unified state register of legal entities. The decision of a general meeting can be made either in person or in absentia, or a combination of the two. The decision of the meeting adopted in absentia will be valid, despite the absence of any special document establishing the procedure for its adoption. Discussion and Conclusion. Decisions of general meetings are actions of participants in a business company concerning legal consequences, including civil rights and obligations, in cases specified by law, and binding on all persons entitled to participate in the meeting, as well as other persons, whether required by law or having some other involvement.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Kebangkrutan Pada Perusahaan Asuransi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Mikha Novalina Sinaga ◽  
Frendy A. O. Pelleng ◽  
Joanne V. Mangindaan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Prediction Analysis ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Management Problems ◽  
Score Method ◽  
A Company

The purpose of this research study is to determine the result of prediction analysis of potential bankruptcy on eleven insurance companies sector which has been listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange year 2015 to 2018. Bankruptcy is a condition when a company experiences insufficient funds to run its business. Bankruptcy is uncertainty about the ability of a company to continue its operations if the financial condition held has decreased. In fact, not all companies experience financial management problems that often lead to bankruptcy. Based on the result and conclusions of the analysis using Altman Z-Score method that: in 2015-2018 there were several companies that were safe, namely: PT. Bina Dana Arta Insurance Tbk, PT. Harta Aman Pratama Insurance Tbk, PT. Jasa Tania Insurance Tbk, PT Indonesian reinsurance airline Tbk, PT. Panin Insurance Tbk, PT. Panin Financial Tbk, PT Victoria Insurance Tbk. Then there are companies that in 2015- 2017 are healthy but in 2018 in prone conditions, namely: PT. Bintang Insurance Tbk,and PT. Multi Artha Guna Insurance Tbk, but different from PT. Mitra Maparya Insurance Tbk which in 2015 was in vulnerable condition but in 2016-2018 is safe. And PT. Ramayana from 2015-2018 is in vulnerable condition.

scholarly journals Administrasi Keuangan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahma Juita
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Education Administration ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Financial Income ◽  
High Level ◽  
Financial Administration ◽  
A Company

In the implementation of a financial administration and issues concerning finance that is a very important and very decisive field in the discussion or study of education administration. Regarding funding in administration, this is the part that is very influential at the level of the education unit. It is the process of implementing a learning program related to the learning and teaching process in schools with other fields.In the field of finance and financing, it really needs to be managed properly and thoroughly, so that the funds that have been obtained can be used to carry out education programs optimally in order to support and also be able to achieve the desired educational goals. Funds that have been obtained must be used as well as possible to meet the needs of schools, because as we know so far in education programs or schools, the problem is not far from financial problems, or lack of funds, especially related to the crisis situation money like this now. officers in this field must have a high level of accuracy and uphold honesty in order to manage financial matters in a company. Reporting for all activities related to financial management in schools, must and must be reported periodically using predetermined procedures. Financial administration is an activity related to finance, in order to achieve a company's objectives, this form of administration is like recording or accounting of expenses and financial income of a company or group.

Fiscal Squeeze in Germany:

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lodge ◽  
Kai Wegrich
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Social Democratic Party ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Financial Arrangements ◽  
Government Level

Decisive fiscal squeeze might surprise observers of the German political system, insofar as party political dynamics, welfare state complexity, and intergovernmental financial arrangements are commonly said to inhibit decisive reforms. This chapter traces the fiscal squeeze carried out in post-unification Germany in the 1990s and 2000s and highlights how the politics of fiscal squeeze had damaging political consequences for the Social Democratic Party. Squeeze at the federal government level was largely about ‘natural wastage’ in staff numbers and targeted cutbacks. The welfare state witnessed considerable reform as a result of cumulating pressures resulting from unification, triggering significant political consequences. Finally, squeezing at the level of the intergovernmental fiscal transfers reflected attempts to contain fiscal pressures on local governments, and wider pressures within the system of German federalism, leading to the creation of a constitutional ‘debt brake’ on public budgets.

Currency woes portend turbulence for Nigerian airlines

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Passenger Demand ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Airline Tickets ◽  
Fuel Costs ◽  
Bail Out ◽  
Business Travellers

Subject Outlook for the aviation sector. Significance The federal government faces growing pressure to bail out the aviation industry, which is at risk of imminent collapse due to scarce foreign exchange (forex), rising fuel costs and cooling passenger demand. This would be Abuja's second bailout of the industry -- the first was in 2010 -- indicating longstanding structural, managerial and safety problems in the industry. Impacts Demand for airline tickets to northeastern cities will remain low due to concerns over continuing instability there. Well-managed carriers such as Rwandair will capture pan-African market share from carriers with governance woes, eg Arik Air. Infrastructure improvements at Ivory Coast's main airport will help it become a rival aviation hub for business travellers.

The Origins of the Actor Benefit in London

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Hume
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Basic Feature ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Daily Newspaper ◽  
Financial Arrangements ◽  
A Company ◽  
Drury Lane

The importance of the actor benefit in the eighteenth-century London theatre is manifest. An actor's benefit was a key part of his or her contract, and the income it produced was a crucial supplement to the performer's ordinary salary. A benefit for a single performer could easily yield more than £50 (after expenses) early in the century – a. sum which might double the annual income of a second or third rank member of a company. The long string of benefits at both Drury Lane and Lincoln's Inn.Fields each spring soon after 1700 (visible as soon as daily newspaper advertisements become customary) often total twenty or more at each house, and the actor benefit was to remain a basic feature of financial arrangements in London theatres throughout the eighteenth century.

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