Dietary supplementation with avilamycin and Lactobacillus acidophilus effects growth performance and the expression of growth-related genes in broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (14) ◽  
pp. 1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Saleh ◽  
K. Amber ◽  
A. A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lipid Levels

Context The use of antibiotics in poultry production is appropriate; however, it brings a high risk of dissemination of antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria and their further transmission to humans via the food chain. Aims The effects of supplementation with Lactobacillus acidophilus (a probiotic) or avilamycin (an in-feed antibiotic growth promoter), on growth performance, digestibility, plasma lipid levels, and the expression of certain growth-related genes were investigated. Methods In total, 135 15-day-old broiler chicks were divided into three groups (n = 45): a control group and two treatment groups. Each treatment group was then further divided into three replicates (15 birds each). The control group was fed a basal diet; the second group received basal diet supplemented with avilamycin (0.1 g/kg); the third group received basal diet plus L. acidophilus (0.1 g/kg). Growth performance (bodyweight, feed intake and feed-conversion ratio) was measured. Digestibility and gene expression were measured at the end of the experiment. Key results Greatest bodyweight gain was achieved in the L. acidophilus-fed chicks, which were significantly (P < 0.05) heavier than the control chicks and the avilamycin-fed chicks. Addition of avilamycin or L. acidophilus to the diet also significantly improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05) compared with the control. Although the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fibre significantly improved in the two experimental groups compared with the control, ether extract was not affected. In addition, plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased whereas plasma high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the L. acidophilus group compared with the control. Expression of the genes for growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) was remarkably upregulated in the skeletal muscles of the two experimental groups. Conclusions Supplementation with L. acidophilus (0.1 g/kg) in the broiler diet had positive effects on growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, digestibility, and plasma lipid levels of the broilers. Implications Lactobacillus acidophilus might be a more useful additive in broiler feed than antibiotic growth promoters such as avilamycin.

scholarly journals Effects of different emulsifiers on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and digestive enzyme activity in weanling pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 4235-4241
Author(s):  
Guangdong Bai ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Huiyang Fu ◽  
Shengnan Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Treatment Groups

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of diets supplemented with sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (SSL), polyglycerol fatty acid ester (PGFE), and combined emulsifiers (0.02% SSL and 0.08% PGFE) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and plasma lipid profiles in weaned piglets and to further evaluate the possible effects of feeding exogenous emulsifiers on digestive enzyme activities and liver bile acid (BA) metabolism. Twenty-eight barrows (age at 35 d, Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) with an initial BW of 10.13 ± 0.16 kg were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatment groups (7 pigs/treatment). Dietary treatment groups included the following: 1) basal diet (Control, CTR); 2) basal diet with 0.1% SSL (SSL); 3) basal diet with 0.1% PGFE (PGFE); and 4) basal diet with 0.08% PGFE+0.02% SSL (PG-SL). SSL diet increased ADG and ADFI of piglets during day 0 to 17 (P < 0.05) compared with the CTR treatment. Piglets fed emulsifier diets experienced a significant improvement in the digestibility of nutrients (DM, CP, ether extract, energy, calcium, and phosphorus) during the first 17 d (P < 0.05). The level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was lower in the PGFE and PG-SL treatment groups than in the CTR treatment group (P < 0.05). Feeding emulsifier diets increased the lipase activity of the pancreas when compared with the CTR diet (P < 0.05). Moreover, the emulsifier diets significantly increased the mRNA expression of FXR (P < 0.05) and decreased the mRNA expression of CYP27A1 (P < 0.05) in the liver. In conclusion, the addition of emulsifiers improved nutrient digestibility and increased the mRNA expression of FXR BA receptors while inhibiting the mRNA expression of BA biosynthesis by CYP27A1 in weanling piglets.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Betaine on Growth Performance, Digestive Function, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality in Indigenous Yellow-Feathered Broilers under Long-Term Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Yuan ◽  
Sun ◽  
Balasubramanian ◽  
Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trypsin Activity ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

Heat stress has a profound effect on poultry health and productivity. The present study evaluated whether feeding betaine could ameliorate long-term heat stress-induced impairment of productive performance in indigenous yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 240 five-week-old male broilers were randomly allocated to five treatments with six replicates of eight broilers each. The five treatments included a thermoneutral zone control group (TN, fed basal diet), a heat stress control group (HS, fed basal diet), and an HS control group supplemented 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg betaine, respectively. The TN group was raised at 26 ± 1 °C during the whole study, HS groups exposed to 32 ± 1 °C for 8 h/day from 9:00 am to 17:00 pm. The results showed that heat stress decreased the body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake of broilers during 1–5, 6–10, and 1–10 weeks (p < 0.05). Dietary betaine tended to improve the BWG and feed intake of broilers under 5 weeks of heat stress (linear, p < 0.10), and betaine supplementation linearly increased the BWG and feed intake during 6–10 and 1–10 weeks (p < 0.05). Additionally, nitrogen retention was reduced by 5 weeks and 10 weeks of heat stress (p < 0.05), whereas dietary betaine could improve nitrogen retention in heat stressed broilers after both 5 and 10 weeks of heat stress (linear, p < 0.05). Moreover, this study observed that the trypsin activity of jejunum was decreased by 5 weeks of heat stress (p < 0.05), whereas betaine supplementation had quadratic effects on trypsin activity of jejunum in heat stressed broilers (p < 0.05). Furthermore, 10 weeks of heat stress induced a reduction of villus height of the duodenum and jejunum (p < 0.05), and decreased the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the jejunum (p < 0.05). Supplementation with betaine ameliorated the adverse effects of heat stress on these parameters (p < 0.05). Compared with the TN group, 10 weeks of heat stress reduced carcass and breast yield (p < 0.05) and betaine supplementation improved carcass and breast yield of heat stressed broilers (linear, p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of betaine could reduce the detrimental effects of long-term heat stress on growth performance, digestive function, and carcass traits in indigenous yellow-feathered broilers.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary dihydropyridine supplementation on growth performance and lipid metabolism of broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.Y. Niu ◽  
F.Z. Liu ◽  
Y.N. Min ◽  
W.C. Li
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Control Group

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dihydropyridine supplementation on growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers. A total of 480 one-day-old female Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups, each group had six replications of 20 birds. Each group was fed a maize-soybean meal diet supplemented with 0, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg dihydropyridine, respectively, for six weeks. At 42 days of age, body weight and feed intake were not affected by dihydropyridine, while feed efficiency was significantly increased by 8.4%, 15.0% and 12.0%, respectively (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The percentage of abdominal fat and the percentage of liver fat were reduced by 24.5%, 25.9%, 23.3%, and 23.6%, 26.7%, 26.0%, respectively (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The higher level of dietary dihydropyridine (200 or 300 mg/kg) increased the hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase activity in liver and abdominal fat (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The lipoprotein lipase activity in abdominal fat was significantly decreased by dihydropyridine (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic dehydrogenase in liver was significantly reduced, whereas the isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in liver was not affected by dietary dihydropyridine. The content of cAMP was significantly increased by dihydropyridine, but malondialdehyde content was decreased (<I>P </I>&lt;&nbsp;0.05). Dihydropyridine at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg increased apolipoprotein B (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05), but 300 mg/kg dihydropyridine had no effect on apolipoprotein B compared with the control group. Triiodothyronine was significantly increased by dietary dihydropyridine (<I>P </I>&lt; 0.05). There were no differences in apolipoprotein A, cholesterol, trigly-cerides, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, thyroxine and insulin among dietary treatments. It is concluded that supplementing dihydropyridine has a beneficial effect on feed efficiency and lipid metabolism of broilers, and that 200 mg/kg dihydropyridine supplementation is the optimum dose.

scholarly journals Effects of summer shield supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, and plasma lipid profiles in broiler chickens 

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 536-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Saleh ◽  
D. Ijiri ◽  
A. Ohtsuka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of herb mixture (summer shield) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, and plasma lipid profiles in broiler chickens. Thirty-six male chicks at 15&nbsp;days of age were divided into three groups with three replicates of four birds. The control group of chicks was fed a basal diet and the remaining two groups of chicks were fed the basal diet supplemented with summer shield at a concentration of 1 g/kg or 2 g/kg, respectively, until 37 days of age. Although feed intake was not different among the three groups, both body weight gain and breast muscle weight were increased in chicks fed a summer shield-supplemented diet. Summer shield supplementation decreased abdominal fat weight and consequently feed efficiency was improved. Both protein and fat utilisation was improved in chickens fed a summer shield-supplemented diet although dry matter content was not influenced. In addition, summer shield supplementation improved plasma lipid profiles, i.e., total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased. Furthermore, summer shield supplementation increased total protein, albumin, and globulin levels in plasma, while neither glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase nor glutamate pyruvate transaminase were affected. These results suggest that summer shield supplementation has positive effects on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, and plasma lipid profiles in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Growth performance and antioxidant status of growing rabbits fed on diets supplemented with Eucommia ulmoides leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Miaoqing Zhao ◽  
Tingting Jiang ◽  
Wenwen Lv ◽  
Shujuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eucommia Ulmoides ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
And Control

<p>The present study evaluated the effect of dietary <em>Eucommia ulmoides leaves</em> (EUL) on growth performance and antioxidant status of growing rabbits under heat stress condition. Four hundred and fifty weaned New Zealand male rabbits (6 wk old) were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (150 rabbits/group) and fed with a basal diet (control, digestible energy (DE): 15.92 MJ/kg and crude protein (CP): 19.24%) or the basal diet supplemented with 1 or 5 g of EUL/kg of diet (EUL1 and EUL5), in which the same quantity of barley meal was replaced. During the 21 d of experiment (43 to 63 d of age), the temperature and relative humidity of the rabbit house ranged from 27.5 to 32.5°C and from 65 to 73%, respectively. We analysed feed intake, growth performance and antioxidant status of growing rabbits. Compared with the control group, at the end of the experimental period, EUL supplementation significantly reduced the average daily feed intake (92.0, 92.8 and 100.7 g/d for EUL1, EUL5 and control, respectively; P&lt;0.05), improved the feed conversion ratio (3.80, 3.81 and 4.59 for EUL1, EUL5 and control, respectively; P&lt;0.05), increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (+35.5 and +35.0% in plasma and liver of rabbits in EUL5 vs. control group, respectively; P&lt;0.05) and reduced those of malondialdehyde (–12.0 and –46.0% in plasma and liver of rabbits in EUL5 vs. control group, respectively; P&lt;0.05). These results suggest that inclusion of EUL in the diet of growing rabbits improved the growth performance and antioxidant status in growing rabbits.</p>

Cholesterol-lowering effects of Bacillus coagulans B37 and Bacillus pumilus B9 strains in a rat animal model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lopamudra Haldar ◽  
D. N. Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adaptation Period

An experiment was conducted for the 56 d period in thirty six adult male albino Wister rats divided equally into four groups. After 7 d adaptation period, all the groups were fed with cholesterol enriched diet for 14 d. Thereafter, one group (T1) was fed on sterile skim milk along with cholesterolemic diet for the next 21 d. The two experimental groups (T2 and T3) received cholesterolemic diet plus spore biomass of B. coagulans B37 and B. pumilus B9, respectively, suspended in sterilized skim milk @ 8-9 log cfu/ ml for the next 21 d. The control group was supplied with clean water along with cholesterolemic diet for 21 d. All the animals were fed on the basal diet along with water during a 14 d post-treatment period. After the adaptation period, the blood samples were collected weekly from the experimental rats up to 42 d, and plasma separated, and subjected to the determination of different plasma lipid fractions. The oral administration of both B. coagulans B37 and B. pumilus B9 resulted a decrease (P Less Than 0.05) in plasma cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations and atherogenic index in the experimental rats.

scholarly journals Integrative Effects of FeedingAspergillus awamoriandfructooligosaccharideon Growth Performance and Digestibility in Broilers: Promotion Muscle Protein Metabolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Saleh ◽  
Khairy Amber ◽  
Mohammed A. El-Magd ◽  
Mostafa S. Atta ◽  
Ahmed A. Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Aspergillus Awamori ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Muscle Protein Metabolism

This study was conducted to show the effect ofAspergillus awamori(AA),fructooligosaccharide(FOS), and combinedAspergillus awamoriandfructooligosaccharide(AA + FOS) on growth, digestibility, blood parameters, and expression of some growth-related genes. A total of 60 broiler chicks at the age of 15 d were divided into a control group (n=15) and 3 treatment groups. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the treatment groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0.05% AA, 0.05% FOS, and combined of 0.05% AA and 0.05% FOS. Results from measurement of growth performance and digestibility revealed a significant increase in the body weight gain with improved feed conversion rate in the experimental groups. Interestingly, dry matter digestibility (DMD) and crude protein utilization (CPU) were improved. In addition, plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were decreased, while plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased by feeding AA, FOS, and AA + FOS. Expressions of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) were increased in experimental groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of eitherAspergillus awamoriorfructooligosaccharideor both improves digestibility and growth performance probably by promoting skeletal muscle protein metabolism.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Biochemical Properties, Hematological Traits, and Intestinal Histopathology of Broiler Chicks Fed Mannan Oligosaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-633
Author(s):  
Abdallah Ali Ghazalah ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Fouad El-Manylawi ◽  
Hady Fathy Abbas Motawe ◽  
Marwa Salah Khattab ◽  
Yara Ibrahem Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups

, , , , and Antibiotics as growth promoters in poultry diets are currently restricted, so other feed additives, such as prebiotics and probiotics, have been suggested as an antibiotics alternative to improve the performance and gut health of poultry. The current experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) as a potential replacement for an antibiotic on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood parameters, and caecal microbiota of broiler chickens. For conducting the current research experiment, a total of 180 one–day old Ross broiler chicks were randomly divided into one control group fed a basal diet and four dietary treatments with six replicates for each treatment. The treatment groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with different levels of MOS 0.5, 1, and 2 g/Kg diet and Lincomycin 4.4 mg/Kg diet during 35 days of the feeding trial. With exception of the growing period, the group fed a basal diet supplemented with 2 g MOS/Kg feed had considerably higher body weight and weight gain, while having the lowest feed consumption and best feed conversion ratio compared to the other treatment groups, during all experimental periods. Moreover, dietary supplementation of MOS resulted in a significant decrease in the counts of caecal E. coli and Enterococcus, while Lactobacillus and Yeast bacteria counts were significantly higher, compared to non-supplemented groups. Broiler chicks having a 2 g MOS/kg diet recorded lower values of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), urea, and liver enzymes, including Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), while they recorded significantly higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL), compared to the other experimental groups. Group treated with MOS 2 g/Kg feed improved digestibility of crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, and organic matter, compared to the control group, Additionally, MOS supplementation also increased the intestinal villi length, width, and crypt depth and decreased intestinal inflammation, compared to the control group. In conclusion, supplementation of MOS at 2 g/kg diet improved growth performance, digestibility, and blood parameters without having adverse effects on the intestine of broiler chickens, comparable to the Lincomycin.

scholarly journals Green Tea Powder Decreased Egg Weight Through Increased Liver Lipoprotein Lipase and Decreased Plasma Total Cholesterol in an Indigenous Chicken Breed

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyong Chen ◽  
Kaiqin He ◽  
Congcong Wei ◽  
Wanli Yang ◽  
Zhaoyu Geng
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Green Tea Powder

Whether or not green tea promotes egg production is unclear. Huainan partridge chickens at 20 weeks of age were divided into two groups, with one group fed a basal diet (control) and one fed a basal diet plus 10 g/kg green tea powder (GTP) for 12 weeks. Egg production (EP) and feed intake (FI) were recorded daily. Plasma lipid parameters, and apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression were determined every four weeks. Egg production and FI showed no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). Egg weight was 47.58 g in the control group, which was higher than that of the GTP group, and the feed-to-egg ratio (FCR) was 4.62 in the control group, which was lower than that of the GTP group after 12 weeks feeding. Compared with the control group, plasma orexin A (p < 0.05), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A (Apo A), and very high-density lipoprotein (VHDL) (p < 0.01, respectively) were increased. Plasma glucose (Glu), free fatty acid (FFA), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.01, respectively), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) (p < 0.05) were decreased in the GTP group after 8 weeks feeding. The LPL expression in the liver was increased in the GTP group after 8 to 12 weeks feeding when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Chickens fed GTP did not affect EP, but decreased egg weight, which might be because of lower plasma lipid concentration, increased plasma Orexin A, and liver LPL expression.

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