Interralations in the growth and development of Lolium. II. Tiller number and dry weight at low density

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 841 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Silsbury
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Allometric Relation ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
The Relationship

Relations between plant dry weight and tiller number have been examined in Lolium rigidum and Lolium perenne grown in the field at low density, and in controlled environments. Between plants within a cultivar, dry weight of tops and tiller number were positively related at all developmental stages throughout the growing season. Between four cultivars of L. perenne and L. rigidum, the relationship was positive in the vegetative stage but became negative when plants were reproductive. It is shown that an allometric relation exists between plant dry weight and tiller number during the vegetative stage. This relation did not differ markedly between cultivars, and for L. rigidum and for L. perenne cv. S.24 was not altered when plants were grown in different seasons or in controlled environments.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Glucosinolates and the Sensory Characteristics of Steamed-Pureed Turnip (Brassica Rapa subsp. Rapa L.)

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Nurfarhana Diana Mohd Nor ◽  
Stella Lignou ◽  
Luke Bell ◽  
Carmel Houston-Price ◽  
Kate Harvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sensory Panel ◽  
Brassica Vegetables ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are phytochemical compounds that can be found in Brassica vegetables. Seven separate batches of steamed-pureed turnip were assessed for GSL content using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and for sensory attributes by sensory profiling (carried out by a trained sensory panel). Twelve individual GSLs, which included 7 aliphatic, 4 indole and 1 arylaliphatic GSL, were identified across all batches. There were significant differences in individual GSL content between batches, with gluconasturtiin as the most abundant GSL. The total GSL content ranged from 16.07 to 44.74 μmol g−1 dry weight (DW). Sensory profiling concluded there were positive correlations between GSLs and bitter taste and negative correlations between GSLs (except glucobrassicanapin) and sweet taste. The batches, which had been purchased across different seasons, all led to cooked turnip that contained substantial levels of GSLs which were subsequently all rated as bitter.

Influence of wear-stress on turfgrass growth components and visual density ratings

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
D. J. Cattani ◽  
K. W. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Combined Data

This study compared the relationship between visual density ratings and various turfgrass growth components using the combined data of 10 creeping bentgrass clones exposed to or not exposed to simulated foot-type wear-stress. Measurements were determined on 28 June, 12 July, and 2 Aug. 1985. There was a trend towards a reduction, rarely significant, in all turfgrass growth components measured due to simulated wear. Significant reductions in the visual density ratings occurred for the 12 July and 2 Aug. rating dates. There was no difference in the relationship between visual density ratings and the turfgrass growth components due to applied wear-stress. Visual density ratings were correlated to tiller number and leaf number and inversely to dry weight/tiller. Tiller number and leaf number are linearly related. Key words: Agrostis stolonifera, creeping bentgrass, visual density rating, tiller number, leaf number, simulated wear

Response to nitrogen of three annual grasses

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (67) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Cocks
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Hordeum Leporinum ◽  
Better Than

The responses of three annual grasses (Lolium rigidum, Vulpia myuros, and Hordeum leporinum) to nitrogen fertilizer were studied at three densities. Total herbage and nitrogen uptake were measured at four harvest dates. The response of the three grasses to nitrogen depended on their density. At low density both Lolium and Hordeum had greater dry weight increase than Vulpia, but at high density Vulpia responded as well as Lolium and better than Hordeum. By comparing the nitrogen responses at similar amounts of available herbage it was seen that, over a wide range of availability, both Lolium and Vulpia had greater absolute response than Hordeum. It was concluded that nitrogen response would probably be greatest on swards of Lolium or Vulpia that have a particular amount of available herbage.

scholarly journals Non-destructive analysis of photosynthetic pigments in Avena strigosa and Avena sativa

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Edu Kaspary ◽  
Luan Cutti ◽  
Cristiano Bellé ◽  
Gabriele Casarotto ◽  
Mártin Zanchett Groth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Chlorophyll Meter ◽  
Avena Strigosa ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Destructive

Chlorophylls and carotenoids are the main photosynthetic pigments in plants. The photosynthetic potential of crop plants is used to determine the correct rate of nitrogen fertilization. To date, no studies have been conducted to understand the relationship between different methods of measurement of photosynthetic pigments in oats. The objective of this study was to quantify and compare the levels of photosynthetic pigments in Avena strigosa and A. sativa using two different methods, the extraction method and portable chlorophyll meter, and to determine whether the results of these two methods showed a significant correlation. Photosynthetic pigments were measured using both methods in a greenhouse and the laboratory at four developmental stages: tillering [28 days after sowing (DAS)], vegetative stage I (55 DAS), vegetative stage II (75 DAS), and reproductive stage (120 DAS). The same leaves were used to measure the relative chlorophyll content using a portable chlorophyll meter and extractable chlorophyll using the laboratory extraction method. The readings of the chlorophyll index differed for each developmental stage of both A. sativa and A. strigosa. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids determined using the extraction method showed high coefficients of correlation with the total chlorophyll index determined using the portable chlorophyll meter. Thus, the measurement of chlorophyll using the portable chlorophyll meter can be used for the accurate evaluation of the photosynthetic potential of oats, thus saving time and reagents.

scholarly journals Review article: Jesus’ resurrection in Joseph’s garden

2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Dannhauser
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Faith Community ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Community Church

The article is a lengthy review of the book Jesus’ resurrection in Joseph’s garden by P.J.W. (Flip) Schutte. The book represents a quest to trace the relationship between Jesus’ resurrection, myth and canon. Schutte finds the origin of events underlying the biblical canon in proclamation. His focus in the book is the proclamation of the death and resurrection of Christ, which, in its developmental stages, hinged on the life and death of the historical Jesus. Proclamation developed into a mythical narrative that became the foundational myth for the Christ cult, validating its existence and rituals. With the growth and institutionalisation of the faith community (church), came an increased production of literature, causing the power-wielding orthodoxy to identify a body of literature containing the ‘truth’ and ‘correct teaching’, thus establishing the authoritative canon. In, through, behind and beyond Jesus of Nazareth, Schutte has perceived a canon behind the canon: a God of love. In Jesus, the man of myth with historical roots who has become to us the observable face of God, Schutte confesses the kerygma to open up before him. The proclamation therefore extends an invitation to join in a mythological experience and an encounter with God whose love is preached in the metaphor called Easter.

scholarly journals Quinoa for the Brazilian Cerrado: Agronomic Characteristics of Elite Genotypes under Different Water Regimes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Walter Quadros Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Maria Lucrecia Gerosa Ramos ◽  
Sonia Maria Costa Celestino ◽  
Alberto do Nascimento Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Relationship

Quinoa stands out as an excellent crop in the Cerrado region for cultivation in the off-season or irrigated winter season. Here, we tested the effects of different water regimes on the agronomic characteristics, physiology, and grain quality of different elite quinoa genotypes under field conditions. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at Embrapa Cerrados (Planaltina, DF, Brazil). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. The plots were composed of 18 quinoa genotypes and modified BRS Piabiru (the currently used genotype), and the split-plots were divided into 4 different water regimes. The following variables were evaluated: productivity and productivity per unit of applied water (PUAA), plant height, flavonoids, anthocyanins, gas exchange, chlorophyll, leaf proline, and relative water content. Our results showed that water regimes between 309 and 389 mm can be recommended for quinoa in the Cerrado region. CPAC6 and CPAC13 presented the highest yield and PUAA under high and intermediate WRs, and hence were the most suitable for winter growth under irrigation. CPAC17 is most suitable for off-season growth under rainfed conditions, as it presented the highest PUAA under the low WRs (247 and 150). CPAC9 stood out in terms of accumulation of flavonoids and anthocyanins in all WRs. Physiological analyses revealed different responses of the genotypes to water restriction, together with symptoms of stress under lower water regimes. Our study reinforces the importance of detailed analyses of the relationship between productivity, physiology, and water use when choosing genotypes for planting and harvest in different seasons.

scholarly journals The impact of regular sperm donation on bulls’ seminal plasma hormonal profile and phantom response

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Kowalczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Gałęska ◽  
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska ◽  
Anna Szul ◽  
Leszek Hebda
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Donation ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the concentration of hormones in the seminal plasma, the bull maintenance system in the insemination station, and the regularity of sperm donation and the response to the phantom (libido level). An additional goal was to determine whether there is a relationship between the hormonal profile in the blood, the sperm plasma, the oxidative and antioxidant profile in the blood of bulls and the biometry of their testicles and scrotum, as well as the quality of their sperm in both different seasons and intensities of reproductive use. For the study, 220 healthy and sexually mature Polish Holstein–Friesian bulls were used. They all had normal libido and were fed equally. The animals were grouped according to the scheme: young (16–20 month/n = 60) and old (26–30 month/n = 60) including: individually housed (n = 30) and group housed (n = 30) young, old individually housed (n = 30) and group housed (n = 30) (n total animals = 120); young animals donating semen once a week (every Thursday) (n = 25) and sporadically (once every two months on a random day of the week) (n = 25), old animals donating semen once a week (every Thursday) (n = 25 ) and sporadic donors (once every two months on a random day of the week) (n = 25) (n total animals = 100). When analyzing the results of this study, it should be stated that regular use has a positive effect on the secretion of sex hormones in bulls. Higher levels of testosterone and lower levels of estradiol and prostaglandins resulted in higher sexual performance, expressed by a stronger response to the phantom. The differences in favor of regular use were independent of the bull's age. The results of our research illustrate that the quality of semen and its freezing potential may depend on the season and frequency of its collection, as well as on the age of the males.

scholarly journals Seasonal Shifts in Cold Tolerance and the Composition of the Gut Microbiome of Dendroctonus valens LeConte Occur Concurrently

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Zehai Hou ◽  
Yaxin Dong ◽  
Fengming Shi ◽  
Yabei Xu ◽  
Sixun Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seasonal Shifts

Dendroctonus valens LeConte, an invasive bark beetle, has caused severe damage in pine forests and has the potential to disperse into new geographic ranges in China. Although the gut microbiota of D. valens and its fundamental role in host fitness have been investigated widely, little is known about the relationship between the seasonal shifts of both cold tolerance and the gut microbiome of D. valens during overwintering, which occurs at the larval stage. In this study, to examine seasonal variations in the composition of the microbiome, we collected D. valens larvae in September (autumn), January (winter), and May (spring), and then analyzed the bacterial and fungal communities of the gut via sequencing of partial 16S rRNA and ITS genes. In addition, changes in the supercooling capacity and antioxidant enzyme activities of D. valens larvae collected in the different seasons were evaluated. Overwintering resulted in changes to microbial communities. In particular, the abundances of Enterobacter, Serratia, Erwinia, and Klebsiella decreased during overwintering. Concurrent with these changes, the cold tolerance of D. valens larvae was enhanced during overwintering, and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and peroxidase were reduced. We hypothesize that seasonal shifts in the gut microbiome may be connected to changes in cold tolerance and antioxidant enzyme activity in D. valens. It will be worthwhile to confirm whether seasonal changes in the microbiome contribute to the success of host overwintering.

scholarly journals Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Indices for Metabolic Syndrome in Japanese Women: One-Year Follow-Up Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 3280-3287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyo Nakajima ◽  
Masanobu Yamada ◽  
Masako Akuzawa ◽  
Sumiyasu Ishii ◽  
Yasuhiro Masamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
The Relationship

Context: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increase with age; however, their relationship remains unclear. Objective: Our objective was to investigate the relationship between SCH and indices of metabolic syndrome and follow up subjects for 1 year. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal follow-up studies of cases were collected from Takasaki Hidaka Hospital between 2003 and 2007. Participants: Overall, 11 498 participants of health checkups were analyzed. The mean age was 48 ± 9 years. Main Outcome Measures: The relationship between SCH and indices of MetS were examined. Results: Serum free T4 levels were lower in women than men in most of the age groups, and the prevalence of SCH, 6.3% in women vs 3.4% in men, increased with age, reaching 14.6% in 70-year-old women. Multivariate logistic-regression analyses revealed that waist circumference and the serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were significantly higher in subjects with SCH than without among women. Reflecting these findings, the adjusted odds ratio of MetS in patients with SCH was higher than in the euthyroid subjects in women with an odds ratio of 2.7 (95% confidence interval 1.1–5.6; P = .017) but not in men. Furthermore, progression from euthyroid into SCH resulted in a significant increase in the serum triglyceride levels but not low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in women. Conclusion: Japanese women exhibited a high prevalence of SCH associated with low free T4 levels. There was a strong association between SCH and several indices of metabolic syndrome in women. SCH may affect serum triglyceride levels and be a risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

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