Harvesting and post-harvest management for improving seed quality and subsequent crop yield of cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1041
Author(s):  
M. Kamran ◽  
I. Afzal ◽  
S. M. A. Basra ◽  
A. Mahmood ◽  
G. Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Germination Potential

Quality seed is a prerequisite to uniform stand establishment, which contributes to higher crop yield. However, prevalence of poor-quality cottonseed with high moisture content due to suboptimal harvesting and postharvest practices is the primary reason for crop-stand failure in developing countries. The present study evaluated the effects of harvesting environment, drying method and storage conditions on seed quality of transgenic (FH-142) and non-transgenic (FH-942) genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivated in Pakistan. Both genotypes were picked three times at monthly intervals during the cropping season and subjected to a ginning process. Seed was then dried in the sun or with desiccant zeolite beads, and stored for 5 months in cloth or hermetic bags at room temperature or in paper bags at 10°C. The efficiency of storage systems was evaluated by estimating moisture content and germination potential periodically in the storehouse and later under field conditions. Both genotypes exhibited better seed quality attributes at the first picking, and zeolite beads dried seed to lowest moisture content more quickly than sun-drying. Seeds of both genotypes stored hermetically retained the lowest moisture content, maximum germination potential, and lower fatty acid contents throughout the storage period, as well as performing significantly better in the field by exhibiting early and uniform stand establishment, more fruiting branches and bolls, and higher yield. Thus, use of zeolite beads in post-harvest drying followed by hermetic storage preserves cottonseed quality for longer, and leads to improved crop growth and yield of cotton. These practices will be useful for cotton farmers in developing countries.

scholarly journals Pola Penurunan Viabilitas dan Pengembangan Metode Pendugaan Vigor Daya Simpan Benih Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Astryani Rosyad ◽  
M. Rahmad Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Develop Model ◽  
Papaya Seed

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Information of seed quality during storage can be determined through the actual storage and storability vigor estimation. This study aimed at comparing effective accelerated aging method<br />between physical and chemical, and studying the seed deterioration during storage in ambient (T =28-30 0C, RH=75-78%) and AC (T =18-20 0C, RH =51-60%) condition with three levels of initial moisture content (8-10%, 10-12%, and 12-14%) for 20 weeks. The final objective of this research<br />was to develop model for storability vigor of papaya seed. Two experiments, accelerated aging and seed storage were conducted at Seed Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from October 2015 to May 2016. A completely randomized design with nested factors and four replications was applied to both experiments. The results showed that physical accelerated aging using IPB 77-1 MMM machine was more effective than chemical accelerated aging using IPB 77-1 MM machine for papaya seed. The viability of seed stored in AC condition remained high until the end of the storage period, whereas it declined at 16 week storage period in the ambient condition. The viability of seed with initial moisture content of 12-14% declined faster than that of initial moisture content of 8-10% after 18 week storage periode. The model used to estimate the storability vigor of papaya seed accurately was the equation y = a + b expcx where y : storability vigor estimation, x : aging time and a,b,c : constant value. Simulation of storability vigor estimation with constant value of a, b, c and input of aging time can estimate storability seed vigor in actual storage.<br />Keywords: accelerated aging, IPB 77-1 MM machine, IPB 77-1 MMM machine, seed storage, simulation</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Informasi mutu benih selama penyimpanan dapat diketahui melalui penyimpanan secara aktual dan pendugaan vigor daya simpan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode<br />pengusangan cepat yang efektif antara fisik dengan kimia serta mempelajari pola penurunan viabilitas benih selama penyimpanan aktual pada kondisi simpan kamar (suhu =28-30 0C, RH =75-78%) dan AC (suhu =18-20 0C, RH =51-60%) dengan tiga tingkat kadar air awal (8-10%, 10-12%, dan 12-14%) selama 20 minggu. Tujuan akhirnya adalah membangun model vigor daya simpan benih pepaya. Penelitian pengusangan cepat dan penyimpanan dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2015 sampai Mei 2016 di Laboratorium Benih, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian<br />Bogor. Kedua penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tersarang dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengusangan cepat secara fisik dengan alat IPB 77-1 MMM lebih efektif daripada pengusangan kimia dengan alat IPB 77-1 MM untuk benih pepaya. Viabilitas benih yang disimpan pada kondisi AC tetap tinggi hingga akhir periode simpan, sedangkan pada kondisi kamar penurunan viabilitas dimulai pada periode simpan 16 minggu. Benih yang disimpan dengan tingkat KA awal sebesar 12-14% lebih cepat mengalami penurunan viabilitas mulai periode simpan 18 minggu dibandingkan dengan benih dengan KA awal 8-10%. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan terdapat korelasi yang erat antara pola kemunduran benih pada pengusangan cepat dan penyimpanan aktual, sehingga model pendugaan vigor daya simpan (y) berdasarkan waktu pengusangan (x) dapat disusun dengan persamaan y = a + b expcx. Simulasi pendugaan vigor daya simpan dengan nilai konstanta a, b, dan c serta input waktu pengusangan dapat menduga vigor daya simpan benih selama penyimpanan aktual.<br />Kata kunci: alat IPB 77-1 MM, alat IPB 77-1 MMM, pengusangan cepat, penyimpanan benih,<br />simulasi</p>

Crop management: principles and practices.

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-123
Author(s):  
Dennis B. Egli
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Variety Selection

Abstract This chapter discusses planting-seed quality, variety selection, plant population, planting date and row spacing. The goal of crop management is to create the perfect environment for the growth of the crop, where the perfect environment is characterized by the absence of stress or other factors that reduce crop growth and yield. This goal may be impossible or uneconomical to achieve, but that does not detract from its usefulness as a goal. The management practices discussed in this chapter are fundamental components of grain production systems that contribute to reaching the goal of the perfect environment. There are many management options available to an individual producer; selecting the best combination is not always easy and it may be constrained by factors outside the realm of the physiological processes controlling crop yield.

QUALITY CHANGES OCCURRING IN SMALL LOTS OF DRY AND MOIST RAPESEED DURING STORAGE

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. MILLS
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Wallemia Sebi ◽  
Aspergillus Candidus ◽  
Seed Respiration

Small, 25-kg quantities of moist and dry Brassica napus L. ’Tower’ rapeseed were stored in drums located outdoors for 65 wk. Quality changes occurring in the moist (10.9–15.0% moisture content) rapeseed, which was deliberately allowed to spoil, were compared to those in dry (4.3–4.9% moisture content) seed. Moist seeds in the first 7 wk had high respiration and declined in quality during the 65 wk of storage as indicated by decreased seed germination, increased leakage of seed electrolytes, and increased free fatty acid (FAV) levels. Levels of post-harvest molds, including Aspergillus candidus, A. glaucus group species, A. versicolor, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium and Wallemia sebi, also increased. Mycelia of P. verrucosum var. cyclopium caused seeds of 12.9–17.8% moisture content to become cemented together at the bottom of some drums necessitating removal of samples by chipping at 65 wk. Dry seeds, originally 11.2–12.2% moisture content before drying, had low seed respiration, high germination, low levels of most post-harvest molds but also moderate levels of P. verrucosum var. cyclopium and high FAV and therefore were also of low quality. Drying of the seeds occurred too late to prevent initial rapid loss in seed quality caused by seed enzymatic action and Penicillium activity; to be effective, drying of high moisture seeds should be carried out immediately after combining.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Quality of Maize Grains Stored in a Modified Metallic Silo

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Issue 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O Oniya ◽  
A.B Fashina ◽  
K.A Iyalabani ◽  
S.B Amusa
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
The Cost

Maize is known to be an important crop for food security in developing countries; and farmers have continued to experience post-harvest losses which lead to reduction in the quality or quantity of maize grains. The main causes of post-harvest losses are the storage insect, pests, improper drying and poor storage systems. Poor storage accounts for 5-10% loss and 5% loss is attributed to insect attacks. This research modified a one tonne metallic silo with the aim of studying the effects on moisture content and hectolitre weight of the maize grains. The moisture content was determined using moisture meter while the hectolitre weight was determined using extruded brass material. The study lasted for six months and analyses were carried out on the data collected using Duncan multiple range tests at 95% level of confidence. The moisture content was observed to reduce from 13.5% to 11.4% w.b while hectoliter weight which is the main determinant of the market value of the grain was observed to increase from 276 kg/ml to 288 kg/ml, this implies that there was increase in the cost value of the grain after six month of storage. The results showed that variations in moisture content along storage period were significant at (p ≤ 0.05).

Assessment of farmers saved groundnut seed quality ofDevbhoomi Dwarka district of Gujarat, India

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Dhedhi ◽  
C. B. Dhobi ◽  
N. N. Chaudhari ◽  
J. S. Sorathiya ◽  
M. D. Khanpara
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Field Emergence

Present study was aimed to determine the seed quality of groundnut used for sowing by farmers of Devbhoomi Dwarka district of Gujarat. Eighty two samples of farmers saved seeds of groundnut were collected from four villages of Jam Khambhalia, six villages of Kalyanpur, one village of Dwarka and three villages of Bhanvad talukas of Devbhoomi Dwarka. The study revealed that 96.34 per cent of seed samples conformed to the prescribed seed standards for germination, moisture content, physical purity, insect infestation; while, 76.83 per cent of seed samples recorded equal or higher than 70 per cent field emergence. The results suggest that the quality of groundnut seed used for sowing by farmers was satisfactory in Devbhoomi Dwarka of Gujarat. However, farmers need to be more educated about the importance and advantages of using good quality certified seeds and shall be trained for maintenance of seed quality by adopting pre and post harvest measures so as to harvest good yields of the desired varieties.

scholarly journals Effect of storage containers and time on seed quality of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian ◽  
KA Bhuiyan ◽  
AM Akanda ◽  
MMA Reza
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Seeds

A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of black point and percentages of germination, moisture content and different fungi associated with wheat seeds during storage in different types of container. Seeds of a widely cultivated variety Kanchan were stored in five types of containers viz., ‘dole'(bamboo made), earthen pitcher, tin container, polyethylene bag and refrigerator (10°C) for ten months at room temperature. Samples were taken at monthly interval beginning from the month of April (prior to storage). The seed moisture content and black point severity were found highest in dole resulting in the lowest percentage of seed germination. The highest germination percentage was observed under storage in refrigerator followed by polyethylene bag, tin container and earthen pitcher. The moisture content and black point infection increased and seed germination decreased with the increase of storage period. Prior to storage in April, the seed germination was 95%, which decreased to about 75% at the end often months of storage (in January). Various fungal flora associated with wheat seeds differed in their prevalence depending on the length of storage period and types of container used for storage. The population of field fungi viz., Alternaria alternata, Aiternaria triticina, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Epicoccum purpurascens and Fusarium spp. decreased while that of storage fungi viz., Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Nigrospora, Penicillium and Rhizopus increased with the progress of storage period. Key Words: Storage, seed quality, wheat. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1606 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 469-477, September 2008

scholarly journals Kinetics and Quality of Quinoa Seeds After Drying and During Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Eder S. Moscon ◽  
Luiz E. B. Blum ◽  
Carlos R. Spehar ◽  
Samuel Martin ◽  
Marcelo Fagioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Drying Curves ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
And Storage

This study aimed to assess the effect of different drying forms, environments, and storage periods on germination and sanitary quality of quinoa seeds cv. BRS Syetetuba. Seeds were submitted to drying in forced air circulation chamber at 30, 40, and 50 &deg;C and in a suspended tray, in full sun, until they reached &plusmn;12% of moisture content. The observed drying data were adjusted to 10 mathematical models. The storage for 360 days was continuous in three different environments. Seeds were evaluated at 0, 6, and 12 months for germination, first count of germination, moisture content, and sanity tests. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a split split-plot scheme with four replicates. Among the studied models, Midilli was efficient in describing the drying curves of quinoa seeds. The storage environment influenced the loss of seed quality more than the drying temperature. The increased storage period caused a decrease on fungal seed incidence.

scholarly journals MOISTURE CONTENT AND VARIETY OF JUTE SEED IS AFFECTED BY LONG TERM SEED STORAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Md. Zablul Tareq ◽  
Arif Mohammad Mojakkir ◽  
Mir Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Md. Jewel Alam ◽  
Md. Abu Sadat
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Healthy Seed

Seed perform a vital role in agricultural sector for crop production as well as seed business. Scarcity of healthy seed hinder not only the crop production but also the quality of seed. Storing of healthy seed with proper storing condition is one of the suitable methods to maximize production however, healthy seed also lose its quality during seed storage. Seed remains viable for long time if the seed stored by maintaining seed moisture content, storage temperature with storage container. So, this experiment was carried out to observe the quality parameters of jute seed during long term storing. To find out the storage effect an experiment was conducted on march, 2020 at seed laboratory, Jute Agriculture Experimental Station, Jagir, Manikganj, Bangladesh during the period of January 2016 to March, 2020. Plastic pot was used in this experiment as a storage container to store jute seeds. Three tossa jute (C. olitorius L.) varieties viz., O-795 (V1), O-9897 (V2) and OM-1 (V3) were used in this study. Result revealed that storage period and jute variety showed significant effect on different seed quality parameters. The highest seed germination, field emergence, seed vigour and the lowest 1000-seed weight, moisture content were recorded in T5 (2019-20) treatment. On the other hand, the lowest seed germination, field emergence, seed vigour and the highest 1000-seed weight, moisture content were recorded in T1 (2015-2016) treatment. Furthermore, seed germination, field emergence, seed vigour was negatively but 1000-seed weight was positively correlate with moisture content. Results revealed that extended storage period caused the decreasing seed quality and seed can be stored for three years in plastic container without hampering the seed quality.

scholarly journals Effects of packaging and storage conditions on quality of spider plant (Cleome gynandara L.) seed

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 8368-8387
Author(s):  
GN Kamotho ◽  
◽  
PW Mathenge ◽  
RM Muasya ◽  
ME Dulloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Spider Plant ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Temperatures

In Kenya, spider plant (Cleome gynandra L.) has gained popularity among consumers due to its nutritional and medicinal values. In the local markets, bundles of leafy shoots as well as uprooted young plants are offered at fairly high prices in many parts of Kenya. Existing evidence suggests that spider plant is endowed with higher level of nutrients than its exotic counterparts. The leaves contain over and above the normal recommended adult daily allowance of vitamins A and C, calcium and iron. However, quality of spider plant seed is affected by one or more factors that cause negative response during seed handling and storage. The purpose of this research was to increase insight into how the seed quality of spider plant is affected by different packaging containers, seed moisture content and storage temperatures, with a view to finding out the optimal method of packaging and storing of these seeds. This study was carried out using seeds dried above silica gel to four target moisture levels: 20%, 10%, 5% and 2% moisture content. Dried seeds were sealed in aluminum foil packets and polyethylene packets and stored at three storage temperatures: ambient (22oC to 30oC), 5oC and minus 20oC for three and six months. After each storage period, seed samples were drawn and viability and vigour tests carried out. Data sets were factorially combined and subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)and descriptive analysis. Means separation was by Least Significance Difference (LSD).Levels of significance, means and standard deviations were obtained for various data sets. Seed stored for six months at 5% moisture content and minus 20oC recorded the highest seed quality. There were no significant differences between seeds packaged in aluminum foil packets and polyethylene packets. In this study, a germination of 85% was recorded for seed dried to 5% moisture content and stored at room temperature. Therefore, on the basis of these findings, farmers can dry their seeds at about 5% moisture content, package them in polyethylene (since readily available) and store at room temperatures for six months.

scholarly journals VIABILITY OF OAT AND BARLEY SEEDS DURING STORAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Sotnik
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Plastic Bottle ◽  
Standard Paper

The work presents the evaluation results of the viability of oat and barley collection varieties during storage in the laboratory conditions at the temperature of 20-25o C. Seed storage covered the period of 2006-2017. The research included 24 varieties of barley and 29 varieties of chaffy oats of domestic and foreign breeding collection. The seeds were stored in different packaging materials such as standard paper package; glass bottles of 0.25 liter and plastic bottles of 0.5 liter. The initial seed moisture content was 8.5-9.0 per cent. The varieties were divided into groups taking into account the initial laboratory seed germinating ability. For oats the fi rst group included 10 varieties with initial germination of 96-99%; the second group included 12 varieties with initial germination of 91-95%; the third group included 7 varieties with initial germination of 86-90%. For barley the fi rst group consisted of 5 varieties with initial germination of 91-99%; the second group consisted of 10 varieties with initial germination of 81-90%; the third group consisted of 9 varieties with initial germination of 71-80%. Determination of seed quality was carried out in 7 and 11 years’ time. The initial moisture content of seeds remained without signifi cant changes in all packaging types during the storage period of 11 years. It was also noted that germination of oat and barley seeds during 7 years of storage did not differ in any type of package. The average value in all three groups of oats was 93.2%. After 11 years of storage, germination of oat differed a little, depending on the type of package. In a paper bag it was 80.4%; in a glass bottle – 88.2%; in a plastic bottle – 85.1%. The average initial germination of three groups of barley in 7 years’ time of storage was 84.7%. After 11 years of storage, germination of barley was 53.2% in a paper bag; 63.3% in a glass bottle; 61.8% in a plastic bottle It was revealed that oat and barley seed germination in 7 years’ time did not differ in any type of package. After 11 years, germination of oats was 5.8% higher, and germination of barley was 8.6% higher in a sealed plastic bottle than in a standard paper bag. Differences in seed germinating ability between the glass and plastic bottles were not observed.

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