Critical review of threatened species collections in the New South Wales Seedbank: implications for ex situ conservation of biodiversity

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Offord ◽  
M. L. McKensy ◽  
P. V. Cuneo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
New South ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Term Storage

This article reviews the germinability and viability of seeds of threatened species collections in the New South Wales (NSW) Seedbank with the manifold aims of: ensuring that existing storage treatments and conditions provide effective ex situ storage of threatened species seed; providing baseline viability and seed storage life data on threatened species; and, identifying research gaps in seed germination and storage protocols for threatened species and communities. The germinability and viability of a range of seed accessions, of various ages and stored under different (although mainly identifiable) conditions in the NSW Seedbank, was determined through germination and cut-tests. The results indicated that many of the Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Proteaceae species tested are orthodox and can be stored at 5 to 10% moisture content at 5�C for up to ten years without significant loss of viability (short- to medium-term storage). The best results were obtained in the lower seed moisture content range (2 to 9%), which appeared to be especially critical for long-term storage of many Proteaceae accessions, reinforcing the need to attain the correct seed moisture content for long-term storage. Around 10% of accessions exhibited some degree of dormancy even after long storage periods. Storage of the widest range of species, for periods greater than ten years for long-term conservation purposes, is generally best conducted by storing at sub-zero temperatures. Freezing at -18�C had little effect on the germinability of a range of seeds tested and is recommended over storage at 5�C. Collection and seed banking procedures for the NSW Seedbank will be regularly reviewed and procedures modified in order to identify the best long-term storage conditions for species within this and other seedbanks. Seed collection strategies to maximize diversity and uses of seedbanks in conservation are discussed.

scholarly journals Temperature and Seed Moisture Govern Storage Duration and Germination of Phlox drummondii

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
W.J. Carpenter ◽  
E.R. Ostmark ◽  
J.A. Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phlox Drummondii ◽  
Term Storage

Phlox drummondii Hook seed germinated well over a wide range of constant or alternating temperatures. Germination percentages at constant temperatures of 10 to 25C ranged from 94% to 98% for `Light Salmon' and from 83% to 88% for `Deep Salmon'. No seeds germinated at constant 30C. Total germination percentages at alternating temperatures ranged from 93% to 99% for `Light Salmon' and 67% to 82% for `Deep Salmon'. For both cultivars, the number of days to 50% of final germination (T50) and between 10% and 90% germination (T90-T10) decreased as constant temperatures or the median for alternating temperatures rose from 10 to 20C. The seeds had only limited desiccation tolerance. Reducing the moisture content of stored seed from 9 % to 5 % did not reduce total germination significantly, but 5% to 6% seed moisture levels increased the days to T50 and T90-T10 compared with higher moisture contents. The relative humidity and temperature that phlox seed received during long-term storage influenced germination. After seed was stored at 5C, germination generally was higher, earlier, and more uniform than after storage at 15 or 25C. The highest total germination percentages and shortest T50 and T90-T10 occurred following storage for 12 months at 5C and 20% to 40% relative humidity.

scholarly journals The Technological Investigations Of Manufacturing Of Energy Chips

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Ziedonis Miklašēvičs
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating

The methodology in Latvia forest industry provide to determine the quality of energy chips only in long- term storage places before selling. Due to the lack of hard empirical data about the quality parameters of energy chips in different phases of manufacturing process, this research paper consists of: - the identification and analyses of the factors that influenced the values of energy chips quality features such as: bulk density, moisture content, ash content, higher and lower heating value according to actual moisture content and per dry mass of the chips; - the methodology for determination the quality parameters of energy chips by analysis the wood moisture content and by choice the method of the manufacturing of energy chips.

scholarly journals Optimal long-term seed storage conditions for the endangered seagrass Zostera japonica: implications for habitat conservation and restoration

Plant Methods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shidong Yue ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Shaochun Xu ◽  
Shuai Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Zostera Japonica ◽  
Storage Method ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract Background Seagrass meadows are recognized as critical and among the most vulnerable habitats on the planet. The alarming rates of decline in seagrass meadows have attracted the attention globally. There is an urgent need to develop techniques to restore and preserve these vital coastal ecosystems. So far little work has been done to develop effective long-term storage method for seagrass seeds. The seagrass Zostera japonica Asch. & Graebn is an endangered species in its native range. Here we utilized combinations of different storage times, salinities, and temperature to determine the most appropriate conditions for optimal seed storage. Results Zostera japonica seeds were strongly desiccation sensitive, with a complete loss of viability after 24 h of desiccation. Therefore, long periods of exposure to air should be avoided to minimize seed mortality. In addition, Z. japonica seeds could not endure freezing conditions such as – 5 °C. However, our results indicated that reduced storage temperature to 0 °C could effectively prolong the duration of dormancy of Z. japonica seeds. Seeds stored at 0 °C under a salinity of 40–60 psu showed relatively low seed loss, high seed vigor and fast seed germination, suggesting these to be optimal seed storage conditions. For example, after storage for 540 days (ca. 600 days since the seed collection from reproductive shoots in early October, 2016) at 0 °C under a salinity of 50 psu, seeds still had a considerable vigor, i.e. 57.8 ± 16.8%. Conclusion Our experiments demonstrated that seeds stored at 0 °C under a salinity of 40–60 psu could effectively prolong the duration of dormancy of Z. japonica seeds. The proposed technique is a simple and effective long-term storage method for Z. japonica seeds, which can then be used to aid future conservation, restoration and management of these sensitive and ecologically important habitat formers. The findings may also serve as useful reference for seed storage of other threatened seagrass species and facilitate their ex situ conservation and habitat restoration.

scholarly journals Storage of seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Y.K. Fan ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
J.X. Hu ◽  
M.Y. Ji ◽  
Q.Y. Lan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Desiccation ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Mature Seeds

The present study examined the effect of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 and 20/30°C) on germination and the storage behaviour of freshly harvested mature seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis. Seed desiccation tolerance and the effects of storage temperature (4 and 15°C), perlite water content (120, 180 and 240%) and seed moisture content (27.8, 38.2 and 49.2%) on viability were observed. Seeds had a higher germination at 25°C (88.3%) than at the other tested temperatures. Germination decreased as the seed moisture content decreased during desiccation. The germination of seeds stored at 15°C was higher than that of seeds stored at 4°C. Germination of seeds stored at 15 and 4°C was <65% and with extension of storage time, the germination decreased, indicating that neither temperature can be used for long-term conservation. For short-term storage, the seeds can be stored at 15°C with perlite with 180% water content in plastic bottles or at 15°C with 49.2% moisture content sealed inside aluminum foil bags.

Population genetics and conservation of the critically endangered Clematis acerifolia (Ranunculaceae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1248-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. López-Pujol ◽  
F.-M. Zhang ◽  
S. Ge
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Term Storage

Allozyme electrophoresis was used to evaluate the levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the critically endangered Clematis acerifolia Maximowicz (Ranunculaceae), a narrow endemic species in China. On the basis of variation at 19 putative loci in nine populations covering the entire distribution of this species, low values of genetic diversity were detected (P = 20.5%, A = 1.27, and He = 0.072). A significant deficiency of heterozygotes was found in all populations. Most loci showed deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, probably as a result of population genetic structuring. The high genetic divergence among populations (FST = 0.273) can be interpreted as an effect of the extinction of local populations and genetic drift within extant populations, and has probably been enhanced by habitat fragmentation in recent decades. Threats to this species are mainly anthropogenic (road works, construction of holiday resorts, and extraction activities), although stochastic risks cannot be ignored. Therefore, to preserve extant genetic variation of C. acerifolia, in situ strategies, such as the preservation of its habitat or at least the most diverse populations, and ex situ measures, such as the collection and long-term storage of seeds, should be adopted.

scholarly journals Seed-borne fungi of Ornithopus sativus during a twenty year storage

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Narkiewicz-Jodko
Keyword(s):  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Ornithopus Sativus ◽  
Term Storage

Subject to analysis were seed-borne fungi of serradella during a long term storage. The agents causing a significant reduction of seed-borne fungi were: the storage conditions and time (very low seed moisture, approx. 5.5%. no oxygen).

scholarly journals The Influence of Moisture Content and Temperature on the Long-Term Storage Stability of Freeze-Dried High Concentration Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Duralliu ◽  
Paul Matejtschuk ◽  
Paul Stickings ◽  
Laura Hassall ◽  
Robert Tierney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Monomer Content ◽  
Term Storage

High protein concentration products for targeted therapeutic use are often freeze-dried to enhance stability. The long-term storage stability of freeze-dried (FD) plasma-derived Immunoglobulin G (IgG) from moderate to high concentrations (10–200 mg/mL) was assessed. Monomer content, binding activity and reconstitution times were evaluated over a 12-month period under accelerated and real-term storage conditions. In the first case study it was shown that FD IgG from 10 to 200 mg/mL had minimal monomer/activity losses at up to ambient temperature after 12 months of storage. However, at 45 °C the sucrose-to-protein ratio played a significant impact on IgG stability above 50 mg/mL. All IgG concentrations witnessed moisture ingress over a 12-month period. The impact of moisture ingress from environmental exposure (between 0.1% and 5% w/w moisture) for IgG 50 mg/mL was assessed, being generated by exposing low moisture batches to an atmospheric environment for fixed time periods. Results showed that at −20 °C and 20 °C there was no significant difference in terms of monomer or antigen-binding activity losses over 6 months. However, at 45 °C, there were losses in monomer content, seemingly worse for higher moisture content samples although model binding activity indicated no losses. Finally, the difference between a low moisture product (0.1–1% w/w) and a moderately high moisture (3% w/w) product generated by alternative freeze-drying cycles, both stoppered under low oxygen headspace conditions, was evaluated. Results showed that at −20 °C and 20 °C there was no difference in terms of binding activity or monomer content. However, at 45 °C, the low moisture samples had greater monomer and binding activity losses than samples from the highest moisture cycle batch, indicating that over-drying can be an issue.

scholarly journals Influence of dehydration on cryopreservation of Musa spp. germplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Ergun Kaya ◽  
Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza ◽  
Janay Almeida dos Santos-Serejo ◽  
Selin Galatali
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Laminar Flow Cabinet

Cryopreservation is an important technique for the long-term storage of economically important plant germplasm. In this study, an efficient protocol was developed for the long-term conservation of seven economically important Musa taxa: M. acuminata Colla ssp. burmannica N.W. Simmonds, M. acuminata Colla ssp. zebrina (Van Houtte) R.E. Nasution, M. balbisiana Colla, M. basjoo Sieb., M. ornata W. Roxburgh (St. Lavender), M. velutina H. Wendl. et Drude (Velvet Pink Banana), and M. acuminata’ balbisiana. The seeds were dehydrated in a sterile laminar flow cabinet for different exposure times and then they were directly immersed in liquid nitrogen. The critical point was to support the initial germination of cryopreserved seeds and this was achieved by the excision of zygotic embryos after liquid nitrogen treatment that allowed the seed germination. The best moisture content for tolerance to cryopreservation ranged from 15.8% (M. acuminata ssp. zebrina) to 17.1% (M. ornata) and the maximum post-cryopreservation germination rates varied from 86.4% (M. velutina) to 55.0% (M. ornata). All seedlings derived from seeds germinated after cryopreservation were easily rooted and acclimated to greenhouse conditions.

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