Quale lingua prima? Per un esperimento CEE che utilizzi l'esperanto

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Corsetti ◽  
Mauro La Torre

SUMMARY Which Language First? For a European Community Experiment Using Esperanto In view of the European Community's attempts to encourage its citizens to learn each others' languages, the authors have taken a new look at Europe-wide experiments on the role of Esperanto in facilitating language learning. They review all experiments carried out this century on the use of Esperanto as a preparatory aid in language learning. A critical examination of the results obtained shows that in only a few cases, for instance in Halloran's experiment, were these achieved by accurate scientific methods. In that example, however, the value of Esperanto in facilitating language learning was not clearly proved. Besides this, the authors discuss the assumptions on which those experiments were based, and argue that it is necessary to set out from a different theoretical starting point. They refer particularly to the ideas of I. Szerdahelyi, which were formulated in the 1960s. They argue that the degree of difficulty in learning a second foreign language after Esperanto depends on linguistic affinities between the mother tongue, Esperanto, and the language concerned. On the basis of this hypothesis they present a plan for a possible experiment to be carried out on a European scale, which would measure when and to what extent Esperanto could genuinely aid language learning. In this way they hope to avoid the oversimplification which has unfortunately been all too frequent in earlier experiments. Finally they emphasize the importance of this experiment as a step towards the desirable goal of a multilingual Europe. RESUMO Kiun lingvon unue? Por tuteŭropa eksperimento kiu utiligu Esperanton La aûtoroj enkadrigas la ideojn pri tuteŭropaj eksperimentoj pri la lernfaciliga rolo de Esperanto en la nuntempajn klopodojn de la Eŭropa Komunumaro instigi la civitanojn de la membraj statoj pli bone lerni pli multajn lingvojn de aliaj eŭropaj landoj. Ili rekonsideras ciujn eksperimentojn faritajn dum ci tiu jarcento pri la lernfaciliga rolo (propedeŭtikeco) de la internacia lingvo Esperanto kaj kritike ekzamenas la rezultojn, kiuj en nur kelkaj kazoj (ekzemple en la eksperimento de Halloran) estas sciencnivele tre akurate atingitaj. En tiu kazo, aliflanke, ili ne estas nete por la lernfaciligaj ecoj de la internacia lingvo. Hi, krome, diskutas la teorian bazon de tiuj eksperimentoj kaj la neceson ekiri de alimaniere formulita teoria bazo, kiu cefe apogigas sur la ideoj de I. Szerdahelyi eldiritaj jam en la 60-aj jaroj. Temas esence pri la lingvo-tipaj rilatoj inter la gepatra lingvo, la internacia lingvo kaj la poste lernota fremda lingvo, kiuj respondecas pri pli granda au pli malgranda lernfaciligo. Surbaze de tiu teorio ili reformulas eblan planon por tuteŭropa eksperimento, kiu povus mezuri kiom kaj kie la internacia lingvo efektive estas lernfaciliga, preter la tro generalaj asertoj, kiujn oni de tempo al tempo renkontas. La graveco de la rezultoj por la estonta laŭdezire multlingva Eûropo estas fine substrekata.

Neofilolog ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Lesław Tobiasz

The article presents results of an inquiry made among the students of English philology who learn German mostly as L3 in addition to English as L2 in a special translation program. The inquiry shows through many examples that English is a source both for complex positive transfer into German as well of interference. The answers of the students indicate the very important role of individual characteristics in the process of language learning. The author concludes that effective leaning of a foreign language requires the use of individual learner strategies and appropriate reference to knowledge both in the mother tongue and in other foreign languages.


Neofilolog ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (42/2) ◽  
pp. 181-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Mackiewicz

A language biography is most often a reflection on one’s own linguistic development and therefore can be termed “language autobiography”. In its a broad sense, a language biography may include mother tongue acquisition, yet this article focuses solely on foreign language learning, with a special emphasis on the German language. The article provides insights into factors that motivate learners of German and into changes in these factors over a period of time, including the role of intercultural motivators. A theoretical and methodological introduction is followed by the results of a qualitative study conducted in five Polish institutions of tertiary education on a group of 73 students learning German. The excerpts of biographies quoted provide a picture of motivation as a dynamic process and moreover indicate that as present-day students get older, they are increasingly more thoughtful about their learning.


Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-457
Author(s):  
Y.L MARREDDY

Y.L MARREDDY English is recognized as a universal language. Learning English is inevitable in this present global scenario. It also acts like a link language. Especially, English literature enables learners to develop critical thinking skills, helps to discover and enlighten themselves. It is quite challenging task to teachers to teach literature for studentsin non native English countries like India. The role of the language teachers becomes predominant and the methods of teaching literature according to the students’ level of understanding also play a significant role because studying literature assists students’ tohave real time experiences, passion for language acquisition and think innovatively. In this context, it is necessary for teachers to distinct between teaching literature for special purposes or it is used as a resource language for teaching this foreign language. This paper throws light on the importance of teaching literature, several approaches and methods of teaching literature at graduate level. Literature connects the cultures across the world, throws challenges to solve and even to heal some cultures. It really provides an individual space for learners to express themselves and improve competence levels among them. It allows learners to share their participation in the experience of others, strengthens to shape, alter their attitude and meet their expectations.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2319-2324
Author(s):  
Rina Muka ◽  
Irida Hoti

The language acquired from the childhood is the language spoken in the family and in the place of living. This language is different from one pupil to another, because of their social, economical conditions. By starting the school the pupil faces first the ABC book and then in the second grade Albanian language learning through the Albanian language textbook. By learning Albanian language step by step focused on Reading, Writing, Speaking and Grammar the pupil is able to start learning the second language on the next years of schooling. So, the second language learning in Albanian schools is related to the first language learning (mother tongue), since the early years in primary school. In our schools, the second language (English, Italian) starts in the third grade of the elementary class. On the third grade isn’t taught grammar but the pupil is directed toward the correct usage of the language. The textbooks are structured in developing the pupil’s critical thinking. The textbooks are fully illustrated and with attractive and educative lessons adequate to the age of the pupils. This comparative study will reflect some important aspects of language learning in Albanian schools (focused on Albanian language - first language and English language - second language), grade 3-6. Our point of view in this paper will show not only the diversity of the themes, the lines and the sub-lines but also the level of language knowledge acquired at each level of education. First, the study will focus on some important issues in comparing Albanian and English language texts as well as those which make them different: chronology and topics retaken from one level of education to another, so by conception of linear and chronological order will be shown comparatively two learned languages (mother tongue and second language). By knowing and learning well mother tongue will be easier for the pupil the foreign language learning. The foreign language (as a learning curriculum) aims to provide students with the skills of using foreign language written and spoken to enable the literature to recognize the achievements of advanced world science and technology that are in the interest of developing our technique. Secondly, the study will be based on the extent of grammatical knowledge, their integration with 'Listening, Reading, Speaking and Writing' as well as the inclusion of language games and their role in language learning. The first and second language learning in Albanian schools (grade III-VI) is based on similar principles for the linearity and chronology of grammatical knowledge integrated with listening, reading, writing and speaking. The different structure of both books help the pupils integrate and use correctly both languages. In the end of the sixth grade, the pupils have good knowledge of mother tongue and the second language and are able to write and speak well both languages.


Relay Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Paul J. Moore ◽  
Phil Murphy ◽  
Luann Pascucci ◽  
Scott Sustenance

This paper reports on an ongoing study into the affordances of free online machine translation for students learning English as a foreign language (EFL) at the tertiary level in Japan. The researchers are currently collecting data from a questionnaire, task performance, and interviews with 10-15 EFL learners in an English Language Institute in a university in Japan. The paper provides some background on the changing role of translation in language learning theory and pedagogy, before focusing literature related to technical developments in machine translation technology, and its application to foreign language learning. An overview of the research methodology is provided, along with some insights into potential findings. Findings will be presented in subsequent publications.


Author(s):  
Liudmila Vladimirovna Guseva ◽  
Evgenii Vladimirovich Plisov

The article defnes the role of digital means in foreign language learning, establishes the reasons for the effective use of digital means and digital technologies, identifes challenges in mastering a foreign language in an electronic environment, as well as the prospects for the digitalization of foreign language education. When studying the issues of emergency off-campus learning organization, the results of surveys of teachers and students conducted in April 2020 at Minin University were used. image/svg+xml


Author(s):  
Lidy Zijlmans ◽  
Anneke Neijt ◽  
Roeland van Hout

AbstractThis article reports on an investigation of the challenges and benefits of university students taking a degree course in a language other than their mother tongue. Our study was conducted from the point of view of the non-native students themselves, and our primary concern was the role of language. We investigated the academic achievement of German students studying in a Dutch-English academic environment. Dutch is the main language of instruction, and English the main language of the literature used. In search of predictors for successful learning of Dutch (our first research question), LexTALE tests were administered to determine linguistic competence in the students’ first language, German, and their second language, English. In addition, we collected data on their educational background and language learning history. None of the LexTALE scores stood out as ‘the’ predictor for success in learning Dutch; German was a slightly better predictor than English. The best predictor appeared to be the students’ general educational level, expressed in mean grades for final exams in secondary education. We then studied the role of proficiency in the foreign languages needed for academic success. Language data on L3 Dutch were gathered at the start and were compared to study results after the first six months and at the end of the first year. The level of Dutch as a second language correlated with study results, expressed in ECTS; the correlation was even higher with mean grades on exams. This indicates that language proficiency does play a role in study success.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Liaquat A. Channa ◽  
Daniel Gilhooly ◽  
Charles A. Lynn ◽  
Syed A. Manan ◽  
Niaz Hussain Soomro

Abstract This theoretical review paper investigates the role of first language (L1) in the mainstream scholarship of second/foreign (L2/FL) language education in the context of language learning, teaching, and bilingual education. The term ‘mainstream’ refers here to the scholarship that is not informed by sociocultural theory in general and Vygotskian sociocultural theory in particular. The paper later explains a Vygotskian perspective on the use of L1 in L2/FL language education and discusses how the perspective may help content teachers in (a) employing L1 in teaching L2/FL content and (b) helping L2/FL students to become self-regulative users of the target language.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Falla Wood

The aim of this article is to try to understand why the results of studies on errors in second language learning undertaken for several decades are diverse or even divergent. Some of these studies state that the mother tongue (L1) plays an important role in the learning process not only at the beginning, but also at higher levels of competency while others deny the influence of the mother tongue. The results of 60 studies on errors over a period of 40 years were contrasted to find out if a link existed between the theoretical foundations, and the interpretation of data, and conclusions of those studies. The results of the meta-analysis of studies whose theoretical foundations were related to operational cognitive strategies showed a continuum from partial to an important role of L1, and those related to order of acquisition, universal sequences showed a non-influence of L1. Another possible cause for this discrepancy was found in the method used to classify the errors. Finally, a possible cause could have been the methodological difficulties concerning the reliability and validity of the data. Only one third of the studies applied the control of bias and the triangulation of data.


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