scholarly journals Impoliteness in institutional and non-institutional contexts

Pragmatics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Kaul de Marlangeon
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Military Recruit ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Recruit Training ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Middle Class People ◽  
Army Recruit

The analysis of impoliteness has mainly concentrated on the relation between text and context itself rather than on the differences between types of contexts. The aim of this study is to compare impoliteness in both institutional and non-institutional contexts. The institutional contexts to be dealt with are: A) face-to-face political debate and B) army recruit training. The selected non-institutional contexts are C) the Tango lyrics of the 1920’s and D) the interaction among lower middle-class people who speak River Plate Spanish. In a previous paper (Kaul de Marlangeon 2005a), I proposed the category of fustigation impoliteness by refractoriness or exacerbated affiliation where refractoriness and exacerbated affiliation function as counterparts to Bravo’s categories of politeness, autonomy and affiliation. In the present paper and within the theoretical and methodological framework for the study of fustigation impoliteness, I deal with three of the above mentioned contexts A) , B) and C), and the type of fustigation impoliteness that characterises each of them. In my analysis I show that in face-to-face political debate and military recruit training impoliteness is public, bi-directional in the former and unidirectional in the latter. In the Tango lyrics of the 1920’s fustigation impoliteness is private and unidirectional. Finally in the context of interaction among lower middle-class people who speak River Plate Spanish, impoliteness is chronic, intra-group, private and multi-directional. For this kind of impoliteness the concepts of refractoriness and exacerbated affiliation do not apply because this impoliteness is about the relationship between an individual versus another individual within the same group rather than an individual versus the group.

‘An intensive study of – feet!’ in two films by Lois Weber: Shoes and The Blot

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Pamela Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Moral Compromise ◽  
The Relationship

In Shoes (1916), Lois Weber re-examines the relationship between shoes and social mobility. Far from guiding the working-class protagonist’s progress, a pair of worn boots trap her into a moral compromise, which destroys her hope of future advancement, either romantically or socially. Weber’s investigation into wage inequality, the rights of women and the influence of consumer culture via footwear continues in The Blot (1921), which revisits the same plot in a lower middle-class milieu and expands on the theme. Here, shoes are again a danger to women, but also an indicator of genteel distress and a cheap, impractical commodity, good only for profiteering rather than practicality.

The Effects of Social Class on the Uptake of Orthodontic Treatment

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Kenealy ◽  
Neil Frude ◽  
William Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Middle Class People

The relationship between social class and uptake of orthodontic treatment was investigated in a longitudinal cohort study of 1018 children living in South Glamorgan, Wales. Previous studies have shown that working class people make less use of dental services and receive inferior dental care than middle class people. The present investigation examined the role of one factor which appears likely to contribute to this effect: namely, the uptake of orthodontic treatment by families from different social classes. If a significant association were shown then findings relating to the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment might be confounded by this social class factor.

scholarly journals FASILITAS KEBUGARAN JASMANI DI KELURAHAN KALIDERES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 2367
Author(s):  
Vincent Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
To Come ◽  
The City ◽  
Middle Class People ◽  
Human Social Life

Human social life connected with the growth of the city itself, day now people in common are individualist so the idea of third place come up by sociologist Ray Oldenberg. According to Ray Oldenberg place divide into three, first place is a home, second place – workplace, and third place the place where you can relaxing, hangout, and socialize with the other. Third place have an important role to strengthen social relation, but third place day now is more focus on commercial activities, for example mall, café (Starbuck), bar or restaurant (Mcd) with the target market is upper middle class people so it create sense of ‘unwilling’ to lower middle class people to come to  the same place. This problem could cause social gap and third place no longer open for everyone (neutral). To answer this problem, writer designing SPA & Wellness Facility at Kalideres as third place for people in Kalideres region. This facility provide relaxation facility that can be enjoyed for free nor paid. The free facility consist of park, gymnastics area and shallow water pool for relaxation, this free facility is intended so the lower middle class people at Kalideres can enjoyed the third place facility. For the paid facility consist of gymnastics facility, hair treatment, pantry and SPA (massage, bath and pool).Keyword : Facility; Neutral; Relaxation; Third PlaceAbstrakKehidupan sosial manusia berhubungan dengan perkembangan kotanya, saat ini masyarakat pada umumnya bersifat individualis sehingga muncul isu mengenai third place yang diciptakan oleh Sosiolog Ray Oldenberg. Menurut Ray Oldenberg place dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu first place yang merupakan rumah, second place -tempat bekerja, dan third place yang merupakan tempat untuk bersantai (hangout), berelaksasi dan bersosialisasi. Third place mempunyai peran yang penting untuk mempererat hubungan sosial, akan tetapi third place yang kita temui hari-hari ini di Jakarta lebih fokus kepada aktivitas komersial seperti mall, café (Starbuck), bar atau restoran (Mcd) dengan target marketnya adalah orang menengah ke atas sehingga menimbulkan rasa ‘segan’ bagi orang menengah ke bawah untuk datang ke tempat yang sama. Hal ini kemudian menciptakan kesenjangan sosial dan membuat third place tidak bisa dikunjungi semua orang. Untuk itu menjawab persoalan ini, penulis merancang Fasilitas Kebugaran Jasmani di Kalideres sebagai third place bagi masyarakat Kelurahan Kalideres. Fasilitas ini menyediakan fasilitas relaksasi yang dapat dinikmati secara tidak berbayar maupun berbayar. Fasilitas yang tidak berbayar meliputi area taman, area senam dan area relaksasi di kolam air dangkal, hal ini bertujuan agar orang menengah ke bawah di Kelurahan Kalideres juga dapat menikmati fasilitas third place. Untuk fasilitas yang berbayar terdiri dari fasilitas GYM, salon, pantry dan SPA (pijat, pemandian dan kolam renang).

The Paradox of Socialism: The Relationship between Social and Economic Political Beliefs

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Patrick Heaven
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Middle Class People

This study attempted to test Eysenck's hypothesis of ‘cross-voting’ which suggests that many middle-class people are conservative in their economic beliefs but liberal in their general social attitudes. 80 Australian and 51 British middle-class subjects completed two questionnaires and positioned themselves on a right-left wing political dimension. Despite various analyses no support was found, showing rather that conservative economic beliefs were associated with conservative social attitudes and political beliefs. Various reasons for these findings were posited, and the limitations of the study outlined.

scholarly journals How does parental time relate to social class in a Nordic welfare state?

2021 ◽  
pp. 000169932110520
Author(s):  
Anne Lise Ellingsæter ◽  
Ragni Hege Kitterød ◽  
Marianne Nordli Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Parental Time ◽  
Childcare Time ◽  
Upper Middle Class ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Class Divisions ◽  
The Relationship

Time intensive parenting has spread in Western countries. This study contributes to the literature on parental time use, aiming to deepen our understanding of the relationship between parental childcare time and social class. Based on time-diary data (2010–2011) from Norway, and a concept of social class that links parents’ amount and composition of economic and cultural capital, we examine the time spent by parents on childcare activities. The analysis shows that class and gender intersect: intensive motherhood, as measured by time spent on active childcare, including developmental childcare activities thought to stimulate children's skills, is practised by all mothers. A small group of mothers in the economic upper-middle class fraction spend even more time on childcare than the other mothers. The time fathers spend on active childcare is less than mothers’, and intra-class divisions are notable. Not only lower-middle class fathers, but also cultural/balanced upper-middle class fathers spend the most time on intensive fathering. Economic upper-middle and working-class fathers spend the least time on childcare. This new insight into class patterns in parents’ childcare time challenges the widespread notion of different cultural childcare logics in the middle class, compared to the working class.

scholarly journals O laicato e a classe média. Um diálogo com Clodovis Boff

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (315) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Sávio Carlos Desan Scopinho
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Pastoral Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Middle Class People ◽  
The Catholic Church

A proposta deste artigo é retomar um debate realizado na década de 90 do século passado que trata da relação entre agente de pastoral e povo. A partir das intuições de Clodovis Boff, pretende-se compreender o papel do laicato, particularmente da classe média, na pastoral com as massas. Na tentativa de definição de massa, povo, classe média e agente de pastoral, duas iniciativas são importantes nesse processo: a possibilidade da existência de uma pastoral da classe média e uma efetiva realização de um trabalho pastoral com as massas. A atualização da temática se torna pertinente por levantar uma questão ainda não devidamente resolvida pela pastoral da Igreja católica e por retomar uma possível teologia do laicato numa perspectiva libertadora e latino-americana.Abstract: The proposal is to retake a debate happened in the 1990s that deals with the relationship between pastoral agent and people. Based on Clodovis Boff ’s intuitions, it is intended to understand the role of the laity, particularly of the middle class, in pastoral work with the mass. In the attempt to define mass, people, middle class and pastoral agent, two initiatives are important in this process: the possibility of the existence of a middle class pastoral and an effective pastoral accomplishment work with the mass. The updating of this thematic becomes relevant for raise an issue not yet properly resolved by the pastoral of the Catholic Church and for retaking a possible theology of the laity from a liberating and Latin American perspective.Keywords: Pastoral agent; Middle class; People; Masses; Laity.

scholarly journals PANDANGAN DUNIA DEWI ANGGRAENI DALAM NOVEL MY PAIN MY COUNTRY: KAJIAN STRUKTURALISME GENETIK LUCIEN GOLDMANN (DEWI ANGGRAENI’S WORLD VIEW IN MY PAIN MY COUNTRY: LUCIEN GOLDMANN GENETIC STRUCTURALISM STUDY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Derri Ris Riana
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Class Group ◽  
World View ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Dewi Anggraeni’s World View in My Pain My Country: Lucien Goldmann Genetic Structuralism Study. This research aims to uncover human facts, collective subject, the structure of the novel My Pain My Country, which illustrates the character's problems, both concerning other characters and the environment, and the worldview expressed by the author as part of a social class group supported by Dewi Anggraeni's authorship helped to reconstruct the author's worldview. The analysis uses genetic structuralism with a dialectical method based on the concept of understanding and explanation in finding coherence of meaning. The data source is Dewi Anggraeni’s novel ”My Pain My Country”. The results showed that the author described “My Pain My Country” as human facts through geographical, sociological, psychological, historical, and ideological facts. Dewi Anggraeni describes the collective subject in two different social classes, namely the Chinese ethnic group to be described as the capitalists and indigenous people as the proletarians. The structure of “My Pain My Country” was constructed by relating the characters and the environment. The author represented the relationship between the characters in human opposition. Meanwhile, the relationship between the characters and the environment were represented through natural, social and cultural oppositions. The structure of the novel reflected the Dewi Anggraeni’s worldview as a form of sympathy, not only towards the victims of the 1998 tragedy from Chinese but also towards the lower middle class of indigenous people; and world views on nationalism, justice, and Chinese integration. Key words: genetic structuralism, human fact, world view Abstrak Pandangan Dunia Dewi Anggraeni dalam Novel My Pain My Country: Kajian Strukturalisme Genetik Lucien Goldmann. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap fakta kemanusiaan; subjek kolektif; struktur novel My Pain My Country yang menggambarkan permasalahan tokoh, baik dalam hubungannya dengan tokoh lain maupun dengan lingkungannya; dan pandangan dunia yang diekspresikan pengarang sebagai bagian dari kelas sosial yang didukung oleh jejak kepengarangan yang turut merekonstruksi pandangan dunia Dewi Anggraeni. Analisis menggunakan strukturalisme genetik dengan metode dialektik yang berdasarkan pada konsep pemahaman dan penjelasan dalam menemukan koherensi makna. Sumber data adalah novel My Pain My Country karya Dewi Anggraeni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel My Pain My Country sebagai fakta kemanusiaan digambarkan pengarang melalui fakta geografis, sosiologis, psikologis, historis, dan ideologis. Subjek kolektif dimunculkan Dewi Anggraeni dalam dua kelas sosial yang berbeda, yaitu kelompok etnis Tionghoa yang digambarkan sebagai kaum kapitalis dan pribumi sebagai proletar. Struktur novel My Pain My Country dibangun oleh hubungan antartokoh, serta tokoh dan lingkungan. Hubungan tokoh dan tokoh digambarkan dalam oposisi manusia. Sementara itu, hubungan tokoh dan lingkungan digambarkan melalui oposisi alamiah, sosial, dan kultural. Struktur novel itu merefleksikan pandangan dunia Dewi Anggraeni sebagai wujud keprihatinan, baik terhadap korban tragedi 1998 dari Tionghoa maupun kelompok menengah ke bawah, serta pandangan tentang nasionalisme, keadilan, dan integrasi Tionghoa. Kata-kata kunci: strukturalisme genetik, fakta kemanusiaan, pandangan dunia

Relation of Altruism to Age, Social Class, and Ethnic Identity

1973 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Lowe ◽  
Gary Ritchey
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Upper Middle Class ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of age, social class, and ethnic identity to altruism was explored. 800 addressed but unstamped letters were dropped (‘lost“) at 4 locations, junior high, senior high, college, and adult sites, evenly distributed between 2 cities, one populated mainly by upper middle-class residents, and one populated mainly by middle and lower middle-class residents. One-half the letters were addressed to someone with a Spanish surname, and one-half to a Caucasian surname. Significant differences in the age and social class variables were found, but not in the ethnic identity variable. Older and upper middle-class Ss displayed more altruism as measured by their greater return rate of the lost letters.

scholarly journals TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG SERTA STRATEGI DAKWAH DI DAERAH TRANSMIGRASI (Studi Terhadap Perkembangan Dakwah di Desa Bina Karya, Musi Rawas Utara, Sumatera Selatan)

Jurnal Dakwah ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-256
Author(s):  
Charis Manto
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Village Community ◽  
The People ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Village

This paper tries to describe the da'wah strategy applied by the preachers in conveying da'wah messages in a village called Bina Karya, where the majority of the village community are transmigrants from Java. In addition, because of the heterogeneity of the village community, there are challenges that are also opportunities for the preachers in that area. This paper is the result of field research conducted by going directly to the field with a descriptive analysis approach. In it process, the success of da'wah in transmigration areas is also determined by the da'i in addressing each individual mad'u’s diverse personality. The da'wah strategy used is the da'wah strategy of the walisongo in Islamizing the people of Java. These methods are tadrij (gradual) and adamul haraj (harmless). The da'wah strategy like this is an implementation of the al-Quran, namely 'mawidzatul hasanah wa mujadalah billati hiya ahsan'. In addition, the face to face method of da'wah is a method that is considered very appropriate to be applied in the transmigration community, because they are still considered to be in the lower middle class, both in terms of knowledge, welfare, religion and technology..Tulisan ini mencoba menggambarkan mengenai strategi dakwah yang diterapkan oleh para muballigh ketika menyampaikan pesan-pesan dakwah di Desa Bina Karya yang notabenenya adalah masyarakat transmigran dari pulau Jawa. Selain itu pula dikarenakan heterogenitas masyarakatnya, menjadikan adanya tantangan sekaligus peluang tersendiri bagi para muballigh di daerah tersebut. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian hasil studi (Field Research) dengan turun ke lapangan secara langsung serta dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif.Dalam prosesnya, keberhasilan dakwah di daerah transmigrasi juga ditentukan juga oleh da’i dalam menyikapi setiap diri pribadi mad’u yang berbeda-beda. Strategi dakwah yang dipakai adalah strategi dakwah para walisongo dalam mengislamkan masyarakat di pulau Jawa.  Metode tersebut yakni tadrij (bertahap) dan adamul haraj (tidak menyakiti). Adapun strategi dakwah seperti ini merupakan implementasi dari al-Qur’an yaitu ‘mawidzatul hasanah wa mujadalah billati hiya ahsan’. Selain itu pula, metode dakwah face to face merupakan metode yang dinilai sangat cocok diterapkan pada masyarakat transmigrasi dikarenakan masyarakatnya yang masih dinilai berada di kelas menengah ke bawah baik dari segi pengetahuan, kesejahteraan, keagamaan maupun teknologi.

scholarly journals Tingkat Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Air Bagi Masyarakat di Kawasan Padat Penduduk

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Dhyah Puspita Dewi ◽  
Fadjar Hari Mardiansjah
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The Government ◽  
Middle Class People

The existence of government programs and the existence of a government corporation appointed by the government to provide water to the community is still not enough to meet the needs of clean water. Areas that have been served are still experiencing water access problems. Areas that have not adapted to use other sources using groundwater for personal needs or business, however, it cannot be used forever, so someday they have to switch to water sources provided by the government. On the other hand, lower-middle-income communities are vulnerable to access to water, which concentrated in densely populated and coastal areas, which is difficult for the government to provide access to water services. Therefore, this study wants to show access to water services provided by the government and groundwater supply providers, and how access is received by each community group. The location of this study is in Kemijen Village which the majority consists of the customers of water sources provided by the government and Kampung Tambak Lorok which majority consists of customers of groundwater sources. The results show that groundwater providers provide better access, where lower-middle-class people get lower access than upper-middle-class people.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document