Effects of five different salts on seed germination and seedling growth of Haloxylon ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Tobe ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Kenji Omasa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Haloxylon Ammodendron ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations

Saline soils contain multiple types of salt, each of which may exert a different effect on seed germination and seedling growth of plants. The effects of five types of salt on the initial growth of Haloxylon ammodendron, a shrub found on both saline and non-saline areas in deserts of China, were investigated. Seeds were incubated at 20°;C in the dark in a solution (0 to –5.1 MPa) of a salt (NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, Na2SO4 or MgSO4) or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000, or in a salt (NaCl or MgCl2) or PEG solution containing a low concentration of CaCl2. Seed germination, seedling growth and cation (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+) contents of seedlings were examined. Each salt had a different effect on seed germination, seedling growth and influx and outflux of cations in the seedlings. In both NaCl and MgCl2 treatments, the addition of low concentrations of CaCl2 favoured seed germination and seedling growth, and reduced K+ outflux from seedlings, but caused no appreciable decrease in the influx of Na+ or Mg2+ into seedlings. Marked abnormalities in seedlings were found only in treatments with Mg2+ salts, but these effects were completely alleviated by a low concentration of Ca2+ (Ca2+/Mg2+ = 0.012). The different responses of the initial growth in H. ammodendron to different isotonic salt solutions were attributed to differences among salt components in membrane permeability, toxicity and effects on functions of the plasma membrane and/or the cell wall.

Alleviatory effects of calcium on the toxicity of sodium, potassium and magnesium chlorides to seed germination in three non-halophytes

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Tobe ◽  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Kenji Omasa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Artemisia Ordosica ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Seed Germinability ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Germination Experiments

AbstractSaline soils contain numerous salts with varying impact on seed germination. Seeds of three non-halophytic species found in Chinese sandy deserts (Artemisia ordosica, Aristida adscensionis and Bassia dasyphylla) were incubated in salt solutions (NaCl, KCl or MgCl2, each with or without CaCl2) at 20°C in the dark. The effects of each salt on the percentage of seeds from which visibly detectable radicles emerged, and the percentage of seeds with emerging radicles surviving to a length of at least 4 mm, were examined. NaCl, KCl and MgCl2 were toxic to emerging radicles in all three species, but before radicle emergence these salts reduced seed germinability only in A. ordosica. The toxic effects of each salt on the radicles were alleviated in all three species by the addition of low concentrations of CaCl2. MgCl2 was more toxic than NaCl and KCl, and the concentration of CaCl2 needed to alleviate the toxicity of MgCl2 was several times higher than that required for alleviation of NaCl or KCl toxicity. These results suggest that Ca2+ present in saline soils alleviates the toxic effects of other salt components on seed germination, and that the results of germination experiments with a single salt are not always applicable to field conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Smoke-water on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Papaya (Carica papaya cv. Tainung No. 2)

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenjira Chumpookam ◽  
Huey-Ling Lin ◽  
Ching-Chang Shiesh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Germination Experiments ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Smoke Water ◽  
Growth Experiments

Smoke-water is a chemical extract used to stimulate the germination of many plant species under cultivation. This study evaluated the efficacy of smoke-water on the seed germination and seedling growth of papaya (Carica papaya cv. Tainung No. 2). Smoke-water, prepared from dry rice straw (Oryza sativa) by burning and bubbling the smoke through water, was used for germination experiments, growth experiments, and anatomical structure changes of seeds. In the germination experiments, papaya seeds were soaked with different concentrations of smoke-water (0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 7%, or 10%, v/v) for 24 h before planting. Low concentrations of smoke-water (0.1% or 0.2%, v/v) not only promoted the maximum rate of germination, but also shortened the germination time. Analysis of longitudinal sections of seeds treated with smoke-water concentrations of 0.1% or 0.2% v/v suggested that smoke-water could overcome water impermeability barriers, because it stimulated the seedcoat to rupture and allowed the radical to elongate and emerge faster. In the growth experiments, papaya seedlings were transplanted into peatmoss-filled pots that were saturated with different concentrations of smoke-water (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 7%, or 10%, v/v). Results showed that all growth parameters increased significantly compared with the control. In addition, smoke-water treatments consistently and significantly increased the percentage of nitrogen in roots and shoots and significantly increased the percentage of magnesium in shoots. In these experiments, smoke-water showed potent germination promotion at low concentrations and promoted multiple growth attributes such as chlorophyll content and seedling vigor index at all concentrations in papaya seedling production.

Two cell wall Kunitz trypsin inhibitors in chickpea during seed germination and seedling growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina Hernández-Nistal ◽  
Ignacio Martín ◽  
Teresa Jiménez ◽  
Berta Dopico ◽  
Emilia Labrador
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitors

scholarly journals Overcoming dormancy in Bauhinia scandens seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
Tatiane Sanches Jeromini ◽  
Thais Soares Pereira ◽  
Cibele Chalita Martins ◽  
Givanildo Zildo da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Bauhinia scandens, an ornamental climbing vine, recently introduced in Brazil, in 2006 which has been gaining prominence due to its anti-tumor medicinal properties. A common feature amongst species of the Fabaceae family is dormancy due to the impermeability of the integument of the seed to water. The demand for seedlings of this species makes it necessary to elucidate the germination process and initial seedling growth. The objective of this study was to determine a method to overcome dormancy, thereby promoting seed germination and initial growth of B. scandens seedlings. The seeds were subjected to one of four treatments, besides the control: mechanical scarification, immersion in water (26 °C for 24 hours), immersion in hot water (86 °C for 24 hours, then 26 °C) and immersion in H2SO4 (95%) for 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. The seeds were evaluated for water content, germination (normal, abnormal seedlings, dormant and dead seeds), first count, mean germination time and relative frequency of germination. The seedlings were evaluated for emergence in sand, first count, emergence speed index, length and dry matter mass. B. scandens seeds should be immersed in H2SO4 for 45 and 60 minutes before sowing to overcome dormancy, in order to promote and standardize seed germination and enhance initial growth of the seedlings.

scholarly journals Production of desert rose seedlings in different potting media

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽  
Sergio Ruffo Roberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Over the past decade the desert rose received fame in the flower market due to its striking and sculptural forms; however, the commercial production of these species is quite recent and little is known about its crop management, including substrates recommendation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different substrates on desert rose seed germination and production of its seedlings. Experiment I: freshly harvested seeds of desert rose were sown in different substrates e.g. sand, coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark, sand + coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark + sand and coconut fiber + semicomposted pine bark. These substrates were evaluated to study the emergence percentage of seeds, initial growth of seedlings and seedling emergence speed index (ESI). Experiment II: desert rose from the experiment I were transferred to plastic pots filled with the same substrates as in experiment I. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the substrates were noted every 30 days while the growth parameters of seedlings were recorded after 240 days. Results from experiment I showed higher germination rate and seedling growth in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Similarly, in experiment II, better quality seedlings were observed in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Thus, for desert rose seed germination and seedling growth, it is recommended to use substrates containing semi-composted pine bark.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts from Four Shrub Species on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuqing Wang ◽  
Jinxin Wang ◽  
Ruiqi Zhang ◽  
You Huang ◽  
Shulin Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Mu Us Sandy Land ◽  
Subsidence Area

This study aimed to screen out the shrub species which can promote the seed germination and seedling growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. and offer insight for ecological environment governance of the coal mines subsidence area in Mu Us Sandy Land, Yulin City of Shaanxi Province. The indoor bioassay method was used to study the aqueous leaf extracts from Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Hedysarum mongolicum Turez., Sabina vulgaris Ant., and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. under different concentration gradients to examine seed germination, initial growth, and physiological and biochemical of two Amygdalus pedunculata varieties (YY-1 from Yuyang County (YY) and SM-6 from Shenmu County (SM), Shaanxi Province, China). The results showed that with aqueous leaf extracts concentrations at lower concentrations of 0.025 (T1) and 0.05 g·mL−1 (T2) from A. fruticosa, H. mongolicum, and S. vulgaris significantly promoted seed germination and seedling growth of two A. pedunculata varieties. Moreover, H. rhamnoides aqueous leaf extracts had the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of A. pedunculata, and death occurred at concentrations of 0.15 (T4) and 0.20 g·mL−1 (T5). The enzyme activity and chlorophyll content of the A. pedunculata leaves decreased with an increase in the aqueous leaf extracts concentration of the four shrubs; the change trend of malondialdehyde content was the opposite. Root activity of the A. pedunculata increased and then decreased. The H. mongolicum and S. vulgaris are the most suitable mixed tree species for YY-1, while H. mongolicum and A. fruticosa are the most suitable mixed tree species for SM-6 at a relatively low density with more security. The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the establishment of an artificial mixed forest of A. pedunculata in the coal mine subsidence area of Mu Us Sandy Land.

Changes in seed germination, and some physiological and ultra structural aspects of Calotropis procera seedlings under heat stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4815
Author(s):  
Ali Ibrahim* ◽  
Ateeq Al-Zahrani ◽  
Zakria Baka ◽  
Hussain Almalki
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Structural Aspects

Global warming is a problematic for many plants and understanding how the plants cope with temperature stress is an important objective. In this study, two experiments were conducted; the first one explored the effect of different temperatures on Calotropis procera seed germination, and the second disclosed the physiological and ultrastructural aspects of plant seedling. A temperature rise from 25°C to 30°C increased seed germination enormously, whereas seed incubation at 35°C significantly decreased its germination. The treatment of 40°C drastically inhibited seed germination. During the experimental periods, the seeds did not germinate at all at 45°C. Seed incubation at 30°C for 5 days notably enhanced seedling growth. This effect was accompanied by accelerated reserve mobilization and enzymes activity. A mild increase in lipid peroxidation (30% increase) and electrolyte leakage (45% increase) was also observed in response to these temperatures. Additionally, the plasma membrane moved away from the cell wall and became thicker in response to this temperature. Seeds exposure to 35°C for 5 days significantly reduced seedling growth. This adverse effect was accompanied with an increase in lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage by 100 and 170%, respectively over the values of 25°C treatment. Furthermore, the plasma membrane was damaged and double stranded with the 35°C application. Cytoplasmic vesiculation appeared in response to 30°C and 35°C treatments. Except for total soluble sugars which was decreased, all other biochemical changes in response to 35°C were comparable with those observed at 30°C treatment.

scholarly journals Leaching from leaves of Sarcomphalus joazeiro and Cenostigma bracteosum stimulate or inhibit the germination of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e15610313073
Author(s):  
Fernando dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Josenilda Aprígio Dantas de Medeiros ◽  
Francival Cardoso Félix ◽  
Luiz Augusto da Silva Correia ◽  
Cibele dos Santos Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Control

Allelopathy is an ecological mechanism that influences the development of neighboring plants. The objective was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Cenostigma bracteosum and Sarcomphalus joazeiro on seed germination and initial growth of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia seedlings. Seeds of this species were placed to germinate on paper towel substrate, and then moistened with extracts from dry leaf of S. joazeiro and C. bracteosum at 1.0; 2.5; 5.0 and 10.0% (w.v-1), and control (0.0% - distilled water) at 25 °C. The variables evaluated: germination, germination speed index, primary root length and root system dry weight of the seedlings. Positive allelopathic effects of S. joazeiro leaf extracts were observed on the vigor of M. caesalpiniifolia; when used in low concentrations (up to 2.6%), C. bracteosum leaf extracts stimulated germination of M. caesalpiniifolia seeds and showed more severe toxic effects when exposed to high concentrations (5.0%). S. joazeiro leaf extracts favor the germination and vigor of M. caesalpiniifolia seedlings, while C. bracteosum leaf extracts cause phytotoxic effects on seed germination and initial growth of M. caesalpiniifolia seedlings from the concentration of 5%. Therefore, there are indications of benefits for regeneration or associated forest composition between M. caesalpiniifolia and S. joazeiro.

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