scholarly journals Leaching from leaves of Sarcomphalus joazeiro and Cenostigma bracteosum stimulate or inhibit the germination of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e15610313073
Author(s):  
Fernando dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Josenilda Aprígio Dantas de Medeiros ◽  
Francival Cardoso Félix ◽  
Luiz Augusto da Silva Correia ◽  
Cibele dos Santos Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Control

Allelopathy is an ecological mechanism that influences the development of neighboring plants. The objective was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Cenostigma bracteosum and Sarcomphalus joazeiro on seed germination and initial growth of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia seedlings. Seeds of this species were placed to germinate on paper towel substrate, and then moistened with extracts from dry leaf of S. joazeiro and C. bracteosum at 1.0; 2.5; 5.0 and 10.0% (w.v-1), and control (0.0% - distilled water) at 25 °C. The variables evaluated: germination, germination speed index, primary root length and root system dry weight of the seedlings. Positive allelopathic effects of S. joazeiro leaf extracts were observed on the vigor of M. caesalpiniifolia; when used in low concentrations (up to 2.6%), C. bracteosum leaf extracts stimulated germination of M. caesalpiniifolia seeds and showed more severe toxic effects when exposed to high concentrations (5.0%). S. joazeiro leaf extracts favor the germination and vigor of M. caesalpiniifolia seedlings, while C. bracteosum leaf extracts cause phytotoxic effects on seed germination and initial growth of M. caesalpiniifolia seedlings from the concentration of 5%. Therefore, there are indications of benefits for regeneration or associated forest composition between M. caesalpiniifolia and S. joazeiro.

Allelopathic potential of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on Lake Huron sand dunes

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1903-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong W. Yun ◽  
M. A. Maun
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Artemisia Campestris

Greenhouse studies were conducted to test allelopathic effects of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on seed germination and seedling growth of several sand-dune species and colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. The aqueous extracts of A. campestris showed no inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling elongation, or dry-weight growth of plants at lower concentrations (10 and 50%), but 100% concentration of the extracts caused varying degrees of inhibition depending on the test species. The mixing of dry leaves of seedlings of A. campestris to the sand showed severe inhibition of Elymus canadensis seedlings. The percent germination of test species in soil from the rhizosphere of A. campestris was significantly lower than that of the control. The leaf area and dry weight were also lower but the differences were not significant. The aqueous extract inhibited mycorrhizal fungal colonization in roots of three sand-dune grasses. Key words: allelopathy, Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata, seed germination, seedling growth, mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals Germination and initial development of canola and radish submitted to castor leaves aqueous extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon ◽  
Adriana Tourinho Salamoni ◽  
Luan Cutti ◽  
Adalin Cezar Morais de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Radish Seed

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) leaves on germination and initial growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings. Two experiments were conducted, usingcanola seeds for the first, which was installed in a 2x7 factorial scheme (with two photoperiods – dark and light and seven extracts concentrations - 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32%). The second experiment consisted of an evaluation of radish seed germination submitted to seven concentrations of the extracts in the dark photoperiod. The germination of the canola seeds was reduced in the dark, and the use of extracts at concentrations of 16% and 32%inhibited seeds germination for both studied photoperiods. The radish seed germination was completely inhibited when the concentration of 32% was used, however, at the concentrations of 4, 8 and 16% a reduction on rootand hypocoyl development of the seedlings were observed, affirming the high allelopathic potential of castor bean aqueous extracts on canola and radish.

scholarly journals Impact of Ag Nanoparticles on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Green Beans in Normal and Chill Temperatures

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Prażak ◽  
Agata Święciło ◽  
Anna Krzepiłko ◽  
Sławomir Michałek ◽  
Marta Arczewska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Positive Effect

The study analysed the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on seed germination, field emergence and the physiological parameters of seedlings of two bean cultivars, ‘Bali’ and ‘Delfina’, under normal and chill temperatures. AgNPs solutions (0.25, 1.25 and 2.5 mg dm−3) were applied together with the microbial preparation Nitragina (containing Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli) on seeds as a short-term pre-sowing treatment. Low concentrations of AgNPs (0.25, 1.25 mg dm−3) had an immediate beneficial effect, resulting in fast and uniform germination in laboratory and field conditions, as well as a positive effect in the later stages of seedling development, manifested as an increase in the average seedling height, fresh and dry weight and net photosynthesis. Particularly, favourable effects were noted in suboptimal temperature conditions, suggesting that AgNPs activate plant mechanisms of tolerance to environmental stress. The highest concentration tested of AgNPs was not particularly effective for the plants but had a strong antimicrobial effect, which was beneficial in period of seed germination, but at the later stage of plant development was unfavourable probably due to disruption of symbiosis between the bean seedlings and rhizobia.

scholarly journals Herbaceous Perennial Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Biochar-amended Propagation Substrates

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial ◽  
Coconut Shell Biochar ◽  
Biochar Amendment

The first objective of this study was to assess the effects of coconut shell biochar in propagation substrate on seed germination and seedling growth of Coreopsis grandiflora (Hogg ex Sweet) ‘Early Sunrise’, Leucanthemum ×superbum (Bergman ex J. Ingram) ‘Silver Princess’, and Eschscholzia californica (Cham.). Cornell seed germination mix was amended with the biochar (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, or 40%, v/v). Seed germination and seedling growth were determined during a 21-day period in two germination rooms. This particular biochar amendment did not affect final germination percentage for any of the species. All three species had seedling shoot and primary root length growth with low to moderate positive correlation (r = 0.33–0.54) with coconut shell biochar amendment volume. Coreopsis seedling dry weight was significantly higher with 40% biochar than the control (P ≤ 0.05). The second objective of the study was to compare digitally collected data with manually collected data. Two-dimensional scans of Coreopsis and Leucanthemum seedlings were collected. Seedling dry weight (mg) and seedling length (mm) predicted seedling two-dimensional area for Coreopsis (R2 = 0.73, P < 0.001) and Leucanthemum (R2 = 0.87, P < 0.001). Digitally traced shoot and root lengths were strongly positively correlated (r = 0.99–0.97) with manual ruler measurements, suggesting that digital imaging could replace manual length measurements. The results of this study suggest inclusion of this particular coconut shell biochar in seed germination, and establishment substrates can have neutral or positive effects on herbaceous perennial germination and establishment.

Effect of organic pollutant treatment on the growth of pea and maize seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Kummerová ◽  
Štěpán Zezulka ◽  
Lucie Váňová ◽  
Helena Fišerová
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Primary And Lateral Roots

AbstractThis study confirmed the considerable effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluoranthene (FLT; 0.01, 0.1, 1, 4 and 7 mg/l) exposure on the germination of seeds, growth and root morphology of seedlings in Zea mays and Pisum sativum. Seed germination was significantly inhibited at FLT≥0.01 mg/l in maize and at ≥1 mg/l in pea. The amount of released ethylene after 3 days of germination was significantly increased in both species at FLT≥0.1 mg/l. After 7 days of seedling cultivation a significant decrease in the dry weight of roots and shoots occurred in maize at FLT≥0.1 mg/l while in pea similar effect was observed at ≥1 mg/l. The total length of primary and lateral roots was significantly reduced by FLT≥1 mg/l in maize and by 4 and 7 mg/l in pea. The length of the non-branched part of the primary root was significantly reduced by FLT≥0.1 mg/l in maize and ≥0.01 mg/l in pea. In both species the number of lateral roots was significantly increased at FLT≤1 mg/l and inhibited at concentrations of 4 and 7 mg/l. Fluoranthene content in roots and shoots of both species positively correlated with the FLT treatment.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Cyperus rotundus L. on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Glycine max L. cv. Grobogan

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Darmanti ◽  
Santosa Santosa ◽  
Kumala Dewi ◽  
L Hartanto Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Glycine Max L

Allelopathy is a phenomenon of direct or indirect, beneficial or adverse effects of a plant on its own or another plant through the release of chemicals into the environment. This experiment was carried out to determine the allelopathic effect of Cyperus rotundus L. (purple nutsedge) tuber aqueous extract on seed germination and initial growth of Glycine max L. (soybean) seedlings. The experiment was performed in completely randomized (CRD) design with five replications, using a range of concentrations of aqueous tuber extracts of nutsedge, i.e.: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The petri dish experiment showed that with increase of the tuber extract concentration, a significant increase was noted in mean germination time (MGT), significant decreases in germination index (GI), growth tolerance index (GTI), wet weight seedling, dry weight seedling and  length of soybean seedling.  

scholarly journals A Cytochemical Study on the Pancreas of the Guinea Pig

1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Siekevitz ◽  
George E. Palade
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Sedimentation Coefficient ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifuge ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Proteolytic Activities ◽  
High Concentrations

Ribonucleoprotein (RNP)1 particles isolated by DOC treatment from pancreatic microsomes have a RNA content of 35 to 45 per cent of their dry weight. In the analytical ultracentrifuge about 85 per cent of the material has a sedimentation coefficient of ∼85 S. These particles contain amylase, RNase, and trypsin-activatable proteolytic activities which cannot be washed off or detached by incubation in 0.44 M sucrose. The enzymes are released, however, by incubation in the presence of low concentrations of ATP, PP, or EDTA, and high concentrations of IP and AMP. At the same time, and at the same concentrations, ∼80 per cent of the RNA and ∼25 per cent of the protein of the particles becomes also non-sedimentable. The simultaneous addition of Mg++ to the incubation medium prevents these losses. This finding, together with the observation that all the Mg++ of the particles is released by the same agents, makes it likely that Mg++ holds the particles together, and that its removal by the chelators used causes the particles to disintegrate. These findings are discussed in relation to the molecular structure of the RNP particles.

Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Parthenium hysterophorus L. on the Germination and Shoot Growth of Two Native Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4348-4351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Hu ◽  
Zhong Hua Zhang ◽  
Bao Qing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plantago Asiatica ◽  
The Impact

In order to evaluate the allelopathic potential of an exotic invasive weed,Parthenium hysterophorusL., the effect of different concentrations of aqueous extracts (5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) prepared from leaves ofP. hysterophoruswere studied on the seed germination and seedling shoot growth of two common native herbs,Plantago asiaticaL. andYoungia japonica(L.) DC., through laboratory bioassays. The aqueous leaf extracts at the concentrations of 25%, 75% and 100% significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling shoot growth of two target species. There was complete failure of seed germination ofY. japonicain 75% and 100% aqueous leaf extracts. The inhibitory effect increased with increasing extract concentration. These results suggested that allelopathy may play a role in the impact ofP. hysterophorusinvasion on native plant recruitment of invaded communities in southern China.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Allelopathic Potential of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Artemisia absinthium and Psidium guajava against Parthenium hysterophorus, a Widespread Weed in India

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhriti Kapoor ◽  
Rinzim ◽  
Anupam Tiwari ◽  
Amit Sehgal ◽  
Marco Landi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
By Products

Artemisia absinthium and Psidium guajava are powerful sources of secondary metabolites, some of them with potential allelopathic activity. Both the species grow together in India with a weed (Parthenium hysterophorus) that is becoming extremely invasive. The aim of the present research was to test the allelopathic effect of A. absinthium and P. guajava aqueous leaf extracts on seed germination, seedling growth (shoot and root length), as well as some biochemical parameters (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, and malondialdehyde by-products) of P. hysterophorus plants. Leaf extracts of both A. absinthium and P. guajava constrained the germination and seedling development (root and shoot length), affected pigment content (chlorophylls, carotenoids), stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and increased the level of malondialdehyde by-products of P. hysterophorus plants. Non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione and ascorbic acid) in P. hysterophorus leaves were, conversely, negatively affected by both leaf extracts tested in the present experiment. Although A. absinthium was more effective than P. guajava in impacting some biochemical parameters of P. hysterophorus leaves (including a higher EC50 for seed germination), P. guajava extract showed a higher EC50 in terms of root inhibition of P. hysterophorus seedlings. The present study provides the evidence that A. absinthium and P. guajava extract could be proficiently exploited as a botanical herbicide against P. hysterophorus.

scholarly journals Comparative effect of Nickel and beta-aminobutiric Acid on some Secondary Metabolits of Echium amoenum

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Rajaei ◽  
Neda Mohamadi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Iranian Traditional Medicine ◽  
Wonderful Variety ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Echium Amoenum ◽  
High Concentrations

Plants have a wonderful variety of secondary metabolites which may be change due to environmental factors and stress conditions. Considering the importance of Echium amoenum in Iranian traditional medicine, this study aimed to investigate the effect of abiotic stresses on the possibility of further production of secondary metabolites in the plant. In general, according our research findings, beta-aminobutyric acid increased growth indexes. Effect of BABA on secondary metabolites was different. BABA increased plant flavonoids but reduced the tannins. Numerous studies have pointed to the stress effects of this material at high concentrations but the concentrations used in this study increased the plant growth. Nickel in applied concentrations had no significant reduction in plant dry weight but increased the photosynthetic pigments. Ni increased plant flavonoids but reduced the tannins. Nickel and beta-aminobutyric acid at low concentrations, is recommended to use for greater production of secondary metabolites in Echium cultivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12687

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