An updated review on behavior of domestic quail with reference to the negative effect of heat stress

Climate change is a global threat to livestock sector to so many species and ecosystem in different parts of the world. Climate change, heat stress, and nutritional stress are the major intriguing factors responsible for reduced fertility in farm animals in tropical countries. Heat and nutritional stresses affect the reproductive performance by decreasing the expression of estrous behavior, altering ovarian follicular development and hormonal profiles, compromising oocyte competence, and inhibiting embryonic development in livestock. Climate is changed by greenhouse gases that released into atmosphere through man-made activities. Livestock contribute 18% of the production of greenhouse gases itself and causes climate change including heat stress, which has direct and indirect impact on fertility of the animals as well as reduce milk production. Adaptation to climate change and lowering its negative effect by alteration of animal micro-environment using different essential technologies are the main mitigation strategies to recover heat stress damage in this respect.

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Chronic heat stress regulates the relation between heat shock protein and immunity in broiler small intestine

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-75885-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sharif Hasan Siddiqui ◽

Darae Kang ◽

Jinryong Park ◽

Mousumee Khan ◽

Kwanseob Shim

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Protein ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Control Group ◽

Immune Functions ◽

Negative Effect

Abstract Chronic heat stress is considered to decrease the immune functions which makes negative effect on broiler growth performance. Here, we investigated the relationship between chronic heat stress, growth performance, and immunity in the small intestine of broilers. The study included two groups (control and heat stressed group) with eight replications per group. Ten broilers of 20-day aged were allocated in each replication. On day 35, the treatment group was subdivided into two groups based on their body weights (heavy and low body weight). Although, there was only the control and treatment group on day 28. The growth performance decreased and expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), HSP60, and HSP47 increased on days 28 and 35 in the chronic heat stress group as compared with those in the control group. The expression levels of HSPs were significantly higher in the low body weight group than in the control group. The genes HSP70 and HSP60 were significantly associated with pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the small intestine of the broilers of the treatment group. Thus, HSP70 and HSP60 activated the adaptive immunity in the small intestines of the broilers from the treatment group to allow adaptation to chronic heat stress environment.

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Effect of induction of thermotolerance with vitamin C, E supplementation on performance broiler chickens reared at during heat stress

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200010802 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2005 ◽

pp. 169-169

Author(s):

S. Roshani ◽

A. M. Tahmasbi ◽

A. Taghizadeh ◽

M. Valizadeh

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Environmental Temperature ◽

Live Weight ◽

Early Age ◽

Nutrient Supplementation ◽

Carcass Characteristic ◽

Negative Effect

The stress of high environmental temperature may have a deleterious influence on the performance of broiler chickens by reducing feed intake, live weight gain and feed efficiency. Exposing chicks to 36-38°C for 24h at 5d of age reinforces the resistance of older (6 to 7 wk-old) broilers to heat stress (De Basillo et al., 2003). Several studies have revealed that antioxidant nutrient supplementation especially vitamin C and E can be used to alter the negative effect of environmental stress (NRC, 1984). Combination of antioxidant vitamins generally shows greater antioxidant activity than that of each component alone. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of early age thermal conditioning and vitamin C, E supplementation on performance, carcass characteristic in broiler chickens reared under heat stress.

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Thioredoxin peroxidases can foster cytoprotection or cell death in response to different stressors: over- and under-expression of thioredoxin peroxidase in Drosophila cells

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj20021522 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 371 (3) ◽

pp. 743-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Svetlana N. RADYUK ◽

Rajindar S. SOHAL ◽

William C. ORR

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Heat Stress ◽

S2 Cells ◽

Free Radical Biol ◽

Drosophila Cell ◽

Functional Roles ◽

Thioredoxin Peroxidase ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Drosophila Cells

Recently, we identified a set of five genes constituting the peroxiredoxin gene family in Drosophila melanogaster [Radyuk, Klichko, Spinola, Sohal and Orr (2001) Free Radical Biol. Med. 31, 1090–1100]. This set includes two abundant thioredoxin peroxidase (TPx) species, namely Drosophila peroxiredoxin DPx-4783, a cytosolic TPx and DPx-5037, a mitochondrial TPx. Overexpression of either one of them in Drosophila S2 cells conferred increased resistance to toxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide, paraquat or cadmium. To understand further the functional roles of these enzymes in vivo, we report in the present study the effects of decreased expression, using RNA interference, on the response of S2 cells to different stressors. When either of the TPxs was blocked, cells became relatively more susceptible to oxidative stress caused by exposure to hydrogen peroxide or paraquat, but were unaffected when challenged with copper and heat stress. In contrast, TPx overexpressing cells were more susceptible to copper and heat stress when compared with control cells and exhibited DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, when cells were supplemented with N-acetyl-l-cysteine together with copper, there was a clear negative effect on cell survival, which was exacerbated by TPx overexpression. Manipulations in the levels of TPxs demonstrated that, under different stress conditions, these enzymes might have both beneficial and detrimental effects on Drosophila cell viability.

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STUDY THE EFFECT OF ACCLIMATION AND LICORICE EXTRACT AND SODIUM BICARBONATE TO MINIMIZE THE NEGATIVE EFFECT OF HEAT STRESS ON SUM PRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF BROILER'S CHICKS

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.33899/magrj.2013.84764 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 137-145

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

Licorice Extract ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Productive Traits

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Shade access in combination with sprinkling and ventilation effects performance of Holstein cows in early and late lactation

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an16571 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 347 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lorena Román ◽

Celmira Saravia ◽

Laura Astigarraga ◽

Oscar Bentancur ◽

Alejandro La Manna

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Block Design ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Stress Effect ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Stress Effects ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Humidity Index ◽

Two Stages

The negative effect of heat stress on dairy cows, with a temperature humidity index (THI) over 72, has been extensively studied. However, there are few studies on THI values under 72 that compare the effect of heat stress in different lactation stages. The objective of this study was to determine the heat stress effect on two lactation stages with a THI below the threshold 72. Thirty-nine multiparous, non-pregnant Holstein cows with more than 30 kg/cow.day of solid-corrected milk were used in a randomised complete block design to evaluate six treatments. The experimental design had a 3 by 2 factorial arrangement with three heat stress mitigation strategies: No shade (CON), access to shade only, and access to shade combined with sprinkling and ventilation, and two stages of lactation: early (S1) and late (S2), 12 ± 10.3 and 201 ± 45.8 days in milk respectively, for a duration of 81 consecutive days. All treatments, except CON had access to artificial shade from 0900 hours to 0500 hours next day. From 0500 hours to 0900 hours all cows were managed together in a grazing session. Additionally, sprinkling and ventilation cows had two 30-min sessions of ventilation and spray (0900 hours, 1530 hours). The average THI was 70.1 ± 4.46 (minimum THI: 60.4; maximum THI: 81.7) and the average hours above 72 were 7.8 ± 5.98. Animals in S1 presented higher solids-corrected milk reduction (P < 0.0001; 5.4 and 1.9 kg/cow.day), and protein yield (<0.0001; 0.13 and 0.54 kg/cow.day) than animals in S2 when shade was not allowed (CON). It was concluded that under these conditions, animal productivity is more negatively affected in early lactation animals. The use of shade with or without spray and ventilation mitigates heat stress effects on both stages of lactation.

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Early Heat Exposure Effects on Proteomic Changes of the Broiler Liver under Acute Heat Stress

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051338 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1338

Author(s):

Darae Kang ◽

Kwanseob Shim

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Heat Exposure ◽

High Heat ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Control Groups ◽

Acute Heat Stress ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Management Techniques ◽

Environmental Temperatures

As environmental temperatures continue to rise, heat stress (HS) is having a negative effect on the livestock industry. In order to solve this problem, many studies have been conducted to reduce HS. Among them, early heat exposure has been suggested as a method for reducing HS in poultry. In this study, we analyzed proteomics and tried to identify the metabolic mechanisms of early heat exposure on acute HS. A total of 48 chicks were separated into three groups: CC (control groups raised at optimum temperature), CH (raised with CC but exposed acute HS at the 35th day), and HH (raised with CC but exposed early heat at the fifth day and acute HS at the 35th day). After the whole period, liver samples were collected for proteomic analysis. A total of 97 differentially expressed proteins were identified by acute HS. Of these, 62 proteins recovered their expression levels by early heat exposure. We used these 62 proteins to determine the protective effects of early heat exposure. Of the various protein-related terms, we focused on the oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy production metabolism. Our findings suggest the possibility of early heat exposure effects in acute HS that may be useful in breeding or management techniques for producing broilers with high heat resistance.

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Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Prediction of Circular RNAs in Response to Heat Stress in Chinese Holstein Cows

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51789/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Qi ◽

Qiuling Li ◽

Yuemei Guo ◽

Mingxing Chu ◽

Yiming Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Mammary Gland ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Rna Sequencing ◽

Metabolic Regulation ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Circular Rnas ◽

Chinese Holstein ◽

Go Annotation ◽

Negative Effect

Abstract Background: Heat stress (HS) leads to substantial economic loss of dairy industry each year. The negative effect of HS in dairy cows is becoming one of the more urgent and important issue due to accelerating side-effects of global warming. At present, the best way to alleviate the effect of HS is breeding of thermotolerant cows which depends on the profound understanding of mechanism of HS. Various genes are involved in HS response but the information about the role of noncoding RNAs, especially circular RNAs (circRNAs) is largely unknown.Results: In our study, we aimed to investigate the different expression profile of circRNAs between HS and normal condition (NC) of Chinese Holstein cow’s mammary gland. CircRNAs were identified using RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. In total, 37405 circRNAs were detected and 95 were differentially expressed (DE), including 15 downregulated and 80 upregulated circRNAs in HS group compared to NC. Eight circRNAs were randomly selected to verify the RNA sequencing result. Further, Sanger sequencing validated the backsplicing site of the eight circRNAs. Moreover, results obtained from the Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed consistent expression trend with that of RNA sequencing. GO annotation and KEGG analysis suggested that these DE circRNAs probably involved in the energy metabolic regulation. Furthermore, we constructed ceRNA network and the result indicated that these DE circRNAs could regulate lactation through IGF1 and PRL signaling pathway.Conclusion: During our study, it was evident that circRNAs were involved in regulation of HS response in Chinese Holstein cow’s mammary gland. This will help researchers to achieve a better understanding of mechanism related to HS response and can provide new insights in breeding of thermotolerant dairy cows.

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Manifestation of the genetic potential of laying hens under heat stress

Agrarian-And-Food Innovations ◽

10.31208/2618-7353-2021-13-35-43 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 35-43

Author(s):

I.F. Gorlov ◽

◽

Z.B. Komarova ◽

A.V. Rudkovskaya ◽

D.N. Nozhnik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Egg Production ◽

Egg Laying ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

Genetic Potential ◽

Negative Effect ◽

June July ◽

Experimental Group

Aim. Study of the effectiveness of the use of the feed additive "Mega HenOn" in the training of chickens of an industrial herd of the cross "Highsex brown" under heat stress. Materials and Methods. Evaluation of the efficiency was carried out for 32 weeks on industrial chickens in the amount of 70 heads. During the experiment, the egg production of chickens (daily), feed costs, and the category of eggs were taken into account. To determine the quality characteristics of edible eggs, GOST 31654-2012 “Edible hen eggs. Technical conditions". Results. The studied additive had a positive effect on the egg productivity of chickens, both during heat stress and during normalization of the temperature regime. At the age of 47-50 weeks (June-July, the ambient temperature during the daytime increased to 38-40°C), egg production dropped sharply, and in the control group it was 79.03%, and in the experimental group, despite the decrease, it exceeded this indicator by 3.63%. At the age of 51-58 weeks (July-August, the increase increased to 36°C), the decrease in egg production continued, but in comparison with the previous period, there was a certain trend towards recovery, which amounted to 85.51%, exceeding the control by 2.22%. The studied feed additive, to some extent, neutralized the negative effect of heat stress on the body of birds. In general, over the period of the experiment, the egg-laying intensity in the experimental group was 89.1%, and in the control group - 87.09%. The cost of producing 10 eggs in the experimental group is 1.29 kg, which is 0.07 kg less than in the control group. The yield of eggs of the category "superior" and "selected" in the experimental group exceeded the control by 0.53 and 16.89%. The yield of eggs of the II category turned out to be higher in the control group and amounted to 29.56%, which is higher than in the experimental group by 13.73%. Conclusion. The use of the innovative “Mega HenOn” feed additive, in the diets of chickens during the heat stress period, contributed to a more complete realization of the genetic potential of birds, due to the stabilization of metabolic processes in the body of birds, an increase in egg production, a decrease in the yield of culling eggs and, as a consequence, an increase in the level of profitability by 2.38%.

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