Water availability in a Nigerian sub-catchment of River Niger and its implications for food security

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rotimi Oluseyi Obateru ◽  
Olayinka O. Ogunkoya ◽  
Dickson ’D. Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
River Niger

Are GM Crops the Answer to Africa's Critical Food Security Status?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1688-1708
Author(s):  
Nira Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Technological Advance ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
Cultivable Land

Despite unprecedented technological breakthroughs and rising incomes, the most basic human requirement–food security remains out of reach of many. The countries of Africa are the worst affected, and consistently score lowest on the Global Hunger Index. The downside of technological advance and increasing urbanisation is the decrease in cultivable land and water availability exacerbated by climatic unpredictability. While concerted efforts are on to control the crisis, it is time to take positive action and capture technology to boost food security. Genetically Modified (GM) crops engineered to be drought/flood resistant, reduce pesticide requirements or provide vitamins open up tremendous possibilities for enhancing food and nutrition security and counteracting negative environmental impacts. This paper reviews the current status of GM crops in Africa, the scope for expansion, possible impacts on food security and the validity of existing concerns about bio-safety and farmers' needs in the light of developing country experience.

Are GM Crops the Answer to Africa's Critical Food Security Status?

2016 ◽  
pp. 157-177
Author(s):  
Nira Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Technological Advance ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
Cultivable Land

Despite unprecedented technological breakthroughs and rising incomes, the most basic human requirement–food security remains out of reach of many. The countries of Africa are the worst affected, and consistently score lowest on the Global Hunger Index. The downside of technological advance and increasing urbanisation is the decrease in cultivable land and water availability exacerbated by climatic unpredictability. While concerted efforts are on to control the crisis, it is time to take positive action and capture technology to boost food security. Genetically Modified (GM) crops engineered to be drought/flood resistant, reduce pesticide requirements or provide vitamins open up tremendous possibilities for enhancing food and nutrition security and counteracting negative environmental impacts. This paper reviews the current status of GM crops in Africa, the scope for expansion, possible impacts on food security and the validity of existing concerns about bio-safety and farmers' needs in the light of developing country experience.

Water scarcity and food security: alternative futures for the 21st century

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Rosengrant ◽  
X. Cai
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Alternative Futures ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Agriculture And Food

Water availability for agriculture - the major water user worldwide - is one of the most critical factors for food security in many regions of the world. The role of water withdrawals in irrigated agriculture and food security has been receiving substantial attention in recent years. This paper addresses key questions regarding water availability and food security, including: How will water availability and water demand evolve over the next three decades, taking into account availability and variability in water resources, the water supply infrastructure, and irrigation and nonagricultural water demands? What are the relationships among water scarcity, food production, and food security? How much of future food production will come from rainfed and irrigated areas? A global modeling framework, IMPACT-Water, is applied to explore answers to these questions using analysis.

Food and feed security

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 238-238
Author(s):  
M Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Food Production ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Increase Food Production ◽  
Food And Feed

Food security is a global issue. General acceptance of the UN prediction that the world must increase food production by at least 50% in the next 20 years, and at least 100% in the next 40. Climate change and water availability will make this extremely challenging.

Water shortages constrain Iran's economic outlook

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Industrial Demand ◽  
Economic Outlook

Subject Iran water crisis. Significance Increasing demand and ineffective management, exacerbated by climate change, are imposing unsustainable strains on the country's freshwater resources. Water shortages have stoked local conflicts within Iran, and clashes with Afghan forces. Mounting water stresses risk undermining economic development, food security and, potentially, political order. Impacts Water scarcity will increase competition for water between agriculture, power generation, urban and industrial demand. Food security will be highly vulnerable to diminishing water availability, increasing import bills and fiscal burdens. Inter-provincial and international tensions over shared waters will rise. Mass population displacements from desertified regions could occur. The environmental sector will provide increasing opportunities for economic and diplomatic engagement with Iran as sanctions are lifted.

scholarly journals Analysis of water availability of the Singkoyo River for the irrigation needs in the Banggai Regency, Indonesian

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
S Lipu ◽  
R Vargorio ◽  
O D Retno
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Flow Rate ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Planting Season

Abstract Indonesia relies on its food security by expanding the area and productivity of agricultural land. This condition requires water to irrigate existing rice fields, such as in the Singkoyo area. This study aims to determine the study area’s surface water availability (Q80), irrigation needs, and water balance. Some methods are applied, such as Penman-Monteith for the evapotranspiration calculation, and the FJ Mock method for the dependable flow and water need based on the annual cropping plan. The result shows that the Singkoyo River, with a catchment area of 408.55 km2, has an average flow rate for Q80 is 6.24 m3sec-1, whereas the most significant discharge occurs in July 15.48 m3sec-1 and the smallest occurs in November at 2.86 m3sec-1. On the other hand, applying the worst scenario with three times of planting per year with rice, the need for three irrigation areas vary according to the NFR during the plantation phase from 7.20 m3sec-1 at the 3rd planting season in October, and the lowest is 2.0 m3sec-1 at the 2nd planting season in February. The water balance is mostly surplus from December to August, but then deficit during September to November by -1.34 m3 sec-1 on average.

A review of the potential of nature-based solutions (NBS) to address the challenges of the water-energy-food nexus (WEF Nexus) in the coming decades

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro N Carvalho ◽  
David Finger ◽  
Fabio Masi ◽  
Giulia Cipolletta ◽  
Hasan Volkan Oral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Past

<p>The water, energy, and food security nexus (WEF Nexus) is the interlinkage between water security, energy security, and food security. An increasing world population is projected to increase energy and food requirements, which will increase the need for freshwater drastically in the coming decades. Projected climate change impacts will aggravate water availability, especially in urban areas. Nature-based solutions (NBS) have proven to generate multiple benefits that defuse the expected merging tensions within the WEF Nexus. This paper outlines the theories, provides examples, and discusses the potential of NBS to address the future WEF Nexus. For this purpose we reviewed recent papers on the theories of WE, WF, EF, and WEF Nexus, we described and summarized 19 representative real-life case studies, and we identified the knowledge gap within the theory and the case studies. We provide quantitative potentials and qualitative benefits for NBS described in the literature over the past decades. Our review demonstrated the impressive potential of NBS to address the projected challenges within the WEF Nexus. The study concludes by recommending NBS for specific WEF Nexus challenges and highlighting the need for decision-makers to consider the implementation of NBS in urban planings.</p>

scholarly journals Dampak Program Upaya Khusus Padi, Jagung, dan Kedelai (UPSUS PAJALE) terhadap Tingkat Ketahanan Pangan di Kabupaten Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1059-1068
Author(s):  
Wenang Hidayatulloh ◽  
◽  
Djoko Koestiono
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Composite Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Indicator Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Indicator

Food security in some area can be measured by Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA). FSVA is measured with three aspects which are food availability, accessibility, and utilization aspects. Based on FSVA of East Java 2018, there are 3 sub-districts in Malang Regency in insecurity condition. Food security problems in Malang Regency are low rice land area, poverty, and low clean water availability. One of efforts to solve these problems are with Special Efforts Rice, Corn, and Soybean Program. To determine the impact of this program on levels food security by using FSVA and the differences between sub-districts participating in the UPSUS PAJALE activity and sub-districts that did not participate. This study is aim to describe food security level in Malang Regency and analyze impact of Special Efforts Rice, Corn, and Soybean Program on food security level in Malang Regency. The data analysis method used is the analysis of the Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) in the form of individual indicator analysis, composite analysis, spatial analysis, and descriptive analysis. Overall, the condition of food security in Malang Regency in 2018 and 2019 is included in priority 4 (resistant condition), so there is no significant change, but there are no sub-districts included in priority 1 or very food vulnerable. The UPSUS PAJALE program is also able to maintain the level of food security in 2018-2019 which is included in priority 4 (somewhat resistant), but has not increased the level of food security.

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