scholarly journals Analysis of water availability of the Singkoyo River for the irrigation needs in the Banggai Regency, Indonesian

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
S Lipu ◽  
R Vargorio ◽  
O D Retno
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Flow Rate ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Planting Season

Abstract Indonesia relies on its food security by expanding the area and productivity of agricultural land. This condition requires water to irrigate existing rice fields, such as in the Singkoyo area. This study aims to determine the study area’s surface water availability (Q80), irrigation needs, and water balance. Some methods are applied, such as Penman-Monteith for the evapotranspiration calculation, and the FJ Mock method for the dependable flow and water need based on the annual cropping plan. The result shows that the Singkoyo River, with a catchment area of 408.55 km2, has an average flow rate for Q80 is 6.24 m3sec-1, whereas the most significant discharge occurs in July 15.48 m3sec-1 and the smallest occurs in November at 2.86 m3sec-1. On the other hand, applying the worst scenario with three times of planting per year with rice, the need for three irrigation areas vary according to the NFR during the plantation phase from 7.20 m3sec-1 at the 3rd planting season in October, and the lowest is 2.0 m3sec-1 at the 2nd planting season in February. The water balance is mostly surplus from December to August, but then deficit during September to November by -1.34 m3 sec-1 on average.

scholarly journals Hydroclimatic regimes: a distributed water-balance framework for hydrologic assessment and classification

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2933-2965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Weiskel ◽  
D. M. Wolock ◽  
P. J. Zarriello ◽  
R. M. Vogel ◽  
S. B. Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Terrestrial Water

Abstract. Runoff-based indicators of terrestrial water availability are appropriate for humid regions, but have tended to limit our basic hydrologic understanding of drylands – the dry-sub-humid, semi-arid, and arid regions which presently cover nearly half of the global land surface. In response, we introduce an indicator framework that gives equal weight to humid and dryland regions, accounting fully for both vertical (precipitation + evapotranspiration) and horizontal (groundwater + surface-water) components of the hydrologic cycle in any given location – as well as fluxes into and out of landscape storage. We apply the framework to a diverse hydroclimatic region (the conterminous USA), using a distributed water-balance model consisting of 53 400 networked landscape hydrologic units. Our model simulations indicate that about 21% of the conterminous USA either generated no runoff or consumed runoff from upgradient sources on a mean-annual basis during the 20th century. Vertical fluxes exceeded horizontal fluxes across 76% of the conterminous area. Long-term average total water availability (TWA) during the 20th century, defined here as the total influx to a landscape hydrologic unit from precipitation, groundwater, and surface water, varied spatially by about 400 000-fold, a range of variation ~100 times larger than that for mean-annual runoff across the same area. The framework includes, but is not limited to classical, runoff-based approaches to water-resource assessment. It also incorporates and re-interprets the green-blue water perspective now gaining international acceptance. Implications of the new framework for hydrologic assessment and classification are explored.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA WAKTU TANAM DENGAN HASIL DAN PROFITABILITAS BUDIDAYA KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum l.) DI CIKAJANG, GARUTRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PLANTING TIME AND YIELD AS WELL AS PROFITABILITY OF GROWING POTATO ...

Agromet ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Rakhmat Hanafi Ajis ◽  
I Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Balance Analysis

Relationships between planting time and yield as well as profitability of growing potato were investigated in Cikajang, Garut, based on water balance analysis and survey to potato farmers of the area. In general, there were three planting dates namely December-January, April-May and August-September. Yield and profitability of growing potato for planting time of August-September was less compared to the other two planting times due to lack of soil-water availability related to less rainfall as well as its high rainfall variability during dry season (coefficient of variation = 133%). Yields of potato for planting times December-January, April-May and August-September were (21.4 + 3.4), (20.5 + 3.5) and (16.9 + 2.2) tonnes/ha, respectively.Relationships between planting time and yield as well as profitability of growing potato were investigated in Cikajang, Garut, based on water balance analysis and survey to potato farmers of the area. In general, there were three planting dates namely December-January, April-May and August-September. Yield and profitability of growing potato for planting time of August-September was less compared to the other two planting times due to lack of soil-water availability related to less rainfall as well as its high rainfall variability during dry season (coefficient of variation = 133%). Yields of potato for planting times December-January, April-May and August-September were (21.4 + 3.4), (20.5 + 3.5) and (16.9 + 2.2) tonnes/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals Analisis Neraca Air Permukaan Sub DAS Krueng Khee Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1002-1008
Author(s):  
Arini Putri ◽  
Susi Chairani ◽  
Ichwana Ichwana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Input Surface ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Surface Water Storage

Pengetahuan mengenai ketersediaan air dan kebutuhan air sangat penting untuk mengetahui keseimbangan air. Perhitungan neraca air permukaan dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan ketersediaan air permukaan pada Sub DAS Krueng Khee untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air domestik dan irigasi. Data klimatologi dan sosial pada tahun 2014 yang digunakan pada penelitian. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diketahui potensi air permukaan Sub DAS Krueng Khee berasal dari air sungai dan curah hujan efektif. Jumlah potensi air dari air sungai pada tahun 2014 adalah 16.891.372,8/tahun. Ketersediaan air yang berasal dari curah hujan efektif digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kebutuhan air irigasi. Kebutuhan air yang terdapat di Sub DAS Krueng Khee meliputi: kebutuhan air domestik, irigasi, peternakan, dan industri. Analisis neraca air permukaan dilaksanakan dengan mengurangkan input air permukaan dengan output air pada daerah penelitian. Keseimbangan air permukaan (surface water balance) yang dicapai untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air di Sub DAS Krueng Khee pada tahun 2014 adalah: Perubahan simpanan air permukaan ( maksimum yaitu 4.279.181,10 /bulan pada bulan Januari (surplus), rata-rata yaitu 1.255.403,945 /bulan dan minimum yaitu 383.486,90/bulan pada bulan Oktober. Sepanjang tahun 2014 tidak terjadi kekurangan ketersediaan air untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air total Sub DAS Krueng Khee.Knowledge about water availability and water demand is significant to water balance awareness. Accounting surface water balance is to find out capability of surface water availability in Sub Watershed Krueng Khee in order to fulfill domestic and irigation water demand. Chilmatology and social data in year 2014 were used in this research. Based on the result the source of surface water potential in Sub Watershed Krueng Khee source are river water and effective rainfall. The amount of water potential from the river in year 2014 was 16.891.372,8/year. The water availability from effective ranfall used to fulfill irigation. Water demand in Sub wathershed Krueng Khee divers from domestic water demand, irigation, livestock and industry. Surface water balance analysis perfomed by subtracting input surface water with the water output in the research area. Surface water balance achieved to fulfill water demand in Sub Watershed Krueng Khee in 2014: surface water storage ( maximum was 4.279.181,10 /month in January (surplus), average was 1.255.403,945 / month and minimum was 383.486,90/month in October. Throughout the year 2014 there was no shortage of water availability to fulfill the water demand in Sub Wathershed Krueng Khee

scholarly journals Hydroclimatic regimes: a distributed water-balance framework for hydrologic assessment, classification, and management

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3855-3872 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Weiskel ◽  
D. M. Wolock ◽  
P. J. Zarriello ◽  
R. M. Vogel ◽  
S. B. Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Equal Weight

Abstract. Runoff-based indicators of terrestrial water availability are appropriate for humid regions, but have tended to limit our basic hydrologic understanding of drylands – the dry-subhumid, semiarid, and arid regions which presently cover nearly half of the global land surface. In response, we introduce an indicator framework that gives equal weight to humid and dryland regions, accounting fully for both vertical (precipitation + evapotranspiration) and horizontal (groundwater + surface-water) components of the hydrologic cycle in any given location – as well as fluxes into and out of landscape storage. We apply the framework to a diverse hydroclimatic region (the conterminous USA) using a distributed water-balance model consisting of 53 400 networked landscape hydrologic units. Our model simulations indicate that about 21% of the conterminous USA either generated no runoff or consumed runoff from upgradient sources on a mean-annual basis during the 20th century. Vertical fluxes exceeded horizontal fluxes across 76% of the conterminous area. Long-term-average total water availability (TWA) during the 20th century, defined here as the total influx to a landscape hydrologic unit from precipitation, groundwater, and surface water, varied spatially by about 400 000-fold, a range of variation ~100 times larger than that for mean-annual runoff across the same area. The framework includes but is not limited to classical, runoff-based approaches to water-resource assessment. It also incorporates and reinterprets the green- and blue-water perspective now gaining international acceptance. Implications of the new framework for several areas of contemporary hydrology are explored, and the data requirements of the approach are discussed in relation to the increasing availability of gridded global climate, land-surface, and hydrologic data sets.

scholarly journals Analisis Ketersediaan Air Permukaan dan Proyeksi Kebutuhan Air DAS Bodri Tahun 2040

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Chafda Larasati ◽  
Aji Wijaya Abadi ◽  
M Galih Prakoso ◽  
Novanna Dwi S ◽  
Venny Vivid F ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Landuse Change ◽  
Calculation Of Parameters ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Total Water Demand

Abstrak Sumberdaya air penting untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan semua makhluk hidup termasuk manusia. DAS Bodri menyediakan suplai air permukaan melalui sungai-sungai yang ada dalam DAS, yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk sekitar. Seiring berjalannya waktu, DAS Bodri mengalami perubahan penggunaan lahan yang menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan kebutuhan air dan terjadi ketidakseimbangan antara kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air permukaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu mengetahui keseimbangan antara kebutuhan air di masa yang akan datang dengan ketersediaan air permukaan di DAS Bodri tahun 2040. Perhitungan keseimbangan antara kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air permukaan dilakukan dengan membandingkan antara kebutuhan air total dan ketersediaan air permukaan. Parameter kebutuhan air total terdiri dari kebutuhan air domestik, fasilitas kesehatan, fasilitas pendidikan, fasilitas peribadatan, perkantoran, industri, pertokoan dan pasar, warung makan, peternakan, irigasi, dan tambak. Kebutuhan air di tahun mendatang diketahui melalui proyeksi secara eksponensial dan tetap dari data jumlah dalam perhitungan parameter. Kebutuhan air untuk aktivitas domestik dan nondomestik diestimasikan mencapai 2,44 miliar m3 pada tahun 2040. Hasil analisis neraca air menunjukkan bahwa status neraca air DAS Bodri tahun 2010-2019 mengalami defisiensi. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa potensi sumberdaya air permukaan masih belum mencukupi untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan air di DAS Bodri hingga tahun 2040. Abstract Water resources play an important role in meeting the needs of all living things, including humans. The Bodri watershed provides surface water supply through rivers on the watershed, which the local residents can use and utilize. Over time, the Bodri watershed underwent landuse change, which led to an increase in water demand, resulting in an imbalance between water demand and surface water availability. Calculation of the balance between demand and surface water availability is done by comparing the total water demand and the surface water availability. This study aims to determine the balance between future water demand and surface water availability in the Bodri watershed in 2040. The parameters used to determine total water demand consist of water needs of the following sectors; domestic, health facilities, educational facilities, religious facilities, offices, industry, shops and markets, food stalls, livestock, irrigation, and ponds. In the coming year, water demand is known through projections exponentially and permanently from the amount of data in the calculation of parameters. Water demand for domestic and non-domestic activities is estimated to reach 2.44 billion m3 in 2040. The water balance analysis results show that the status of the Bodri watershed water balance in 2010-2019 is deficient. The potential for surface water resources is still insufficient to meet the water needs in the Bodri watershed until 2040.  

Elevation-dependent drying signals under future climate change – a case study for Austria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Haslinger ◽  
Gregor Laaha ◽  
Wolfgang Schöner ◽  
Andre Konrad ◽  
Marc Olefs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Climate Model Simulations

<p>In this contribution future changes of surface water availability over the Austrian domain is investigated. We use an ensemble of downscaled and bias-corrected regional climate model simulations of the EURO-CORDEX initiative under moderate mitigation (RCP4.5) and Paris agreement (RCP2.6) emission scenarios. The climatic water balance and its components (rainfall, snow melt, glacier melt and potential evapotranspiration) are used as indicators for surface water availability and we focus on different altitudinal classes (lowland, mountainous and high alpine) to depict a variety of processes in complex terrain. Apart from analysing the mean changes of these quantities we also pursue a hazard risk approach by estimating changes in return periods of drought events of a given magnitude as observed in the reference period. The results show in general wetter conditions over the course of the 21<sup>st</sup> century over Austria. Considering seasonal differences, winter and spring will be getting wetter due to an increase in precipitation along with a higher rainfall/snowfall fraction as a consequence of rising temperatures. In summer only little changes in the ensemble median of the climatic water balance are visible, hence uncertainties are large due to a considerable ensemble spread. However, by analysing changes in return periods of drought events, a robust signal of increasing risk of moderate and extreme drought events during summer is apparent. It emerges from an increase in interannual variability of the climatic water balance, which likely stems from intensified land-atmosphere coupling under climate change sustaining and intensifying spring preconditions towards even wetter or dryer summers.</p>

scholarly journals Sale of agricultural lands located outside built-up area in Romania: novelty elements introduced by Law no. 175/2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (30) ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
Emőd Veress
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
European Law ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The One

Law no. 17/2014 on some measures to regulate the sale of agricultural land located outside the built-up area was adopted among other reasons to ensure food security and protect national interests in the exploitation of natural resources. These goals are perfectly justified and foreshadow changes in the global environment that will affect social and economic arrangements in the future with great impact. In this context, the importance of protecting agricultural land as a natural resource of central importance is a legitimate political goal. However, the methods used must be very carefully chosen in order to create a legal regime for the sale of agricultural land that respects, on the one hand, the requirements of European law and, on the other hand, fulfills the national interest as far as possible. The current legal regime, created by amending Law no. 17/2014 by Law no. 175/2020 for the amendment and completion of Law no. 17/2014, in force since 13 October 2020, creates a legal regime that raises more questions than it settles regarding the real challenges outlined above.

scholarly journals Urban farming: implementation of prisoner guidance in an effort to support food security towards Rutan Boyolali productive

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012084
Author(s):  
A Listiana ◽  
Pawito ◽  
S Hastjarjo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Social Reintegration ◽  
Food Needs

Abstract Rutan Boyolali is an institution that organizes guidance activities for prisoners as a social reintegration process. The guidance that is carried out recently leads to a productive one. One of the efforts to realize the productive correctional institutions can be done through agricultural activities. However, the location of the correctional institutions that are in the middle of urban areas faced the challenge of limited agricultural land. One of the solutions is to carry out the concept of urban farming. Through urban farming, it is hoped that prisoners can become skilled and ready to work when they are free. This concept also can be an innovation and solution in overcoming various problems in prisons. On the other hand, the benefits of urban farming are maintaining food security. The rate of urban development eliminates agricultural land and results in cities no longer being able to meet their food needs independently.

scholarly journals Farmland Fragmentation, Farmland Consolidation and Food Security: Relationships, Research Lapses and Future Perspectives

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Pierre Damien Ntihinyurwa ◽  
Walter Timo de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Agriculture Intensification

Farmland fragmentation and farmland consolidation are two sides of the same coin paradoxically viewed as farmland management tools. While there is a vast body of literature addressing the connections between farmland fragmentation and farmland consolidation on the one hand and agriculture production and crops diversification on the other hand, their relationship with variations in food security is still under-explored. This challenges policy makers about whether and how to devise policies in favor of fragmentation conservation or defragmentation. Therefore, drawing on the multiple secondary data and the deductive logical reasoning through an integrative concept-centric qualitative approach following the rationalist theory, this study critically reviews and analyses the existing body of literature to identify how farmland fragmentation versus defragmentation approaches relate to food security. The goal is to develop and derive an explicit model indicating when, where, how and why farmland fragmentation can be conserved or prevented and controlled for food security motives as a novel alternative comprehensive scientific knowledge generation, which could guide and inform the design of future research and policies about farmland fragmentation management. The findings show that both fragmentation and consolidation variously (positively and negatively) impact on food security at different (macro, meso and micro) levels. While farmland fragmentation is highly linked with food diversification (food quality), acceptability, accessibility, and sovereignty at the local (household and individual) levels, farmland consolidation is often associated with the quantity and availability of food production at the community, regional and national levels. Theoretically, the best management of farmland fragmentation for food security purposes can be achieved by minimizing the problems associated with physical and tenure aspects of farmland fragmentation along with the optimization of its potential benefits. In this regard, farmland consolidation, voluntary parcel exchange and on-field harvest sales, farmland realignment, and farmland use (crop) consolidation can be suitable for the control of physical fragmentation problems under various local conditions. Similarly, farmland banking and off-farm employment, restrictions about the minimum parcel sizes subdivision and absentee owners, joint ownership, cooperative farming, farmland use (crop) consolidation, agricultural land protection policies, and family planning measures can be suitable to prevent and minimize farmland tenure fragmentation problems. On the other hand, various agriculture intensification programs, agroecogical approaches, and land saving technologies can be the most suitable strategies to maximize the income from agriculture on fragmented plots under the circumstances of beneficial fragmentation. Moreover, in areas where both rational and defective fragmentation scenarios coexist, different specific strategies like localized and multicropping based land consolidation approaches in combination with or without agriculture intensification programs, can provide better and more balanced optimal solutions. These could simultaneously minimize the defective effects of fragmentation thereby optimizing or without jeopardizing its potential benefits with regard to food security under specific local conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document