scholarly journals A numerical study of plasmon-induced enhancement of dipole emission by arrays of silver nanospheres and nanoprisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 2058 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
E A Granizo ◽  
I Nabiev ◽  
V Krivenkov
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Purcell Effect ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Dipole Emission ◽  
Silver Nanospheres ◽  
Careful Design ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Plasmon-induced enhancement of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of quantum emitters by plasmon nanoparticles (PNPs) is a promising approach for the design and fabrication of PL hybrid materials with improved properties for biosensing and optoelectronics applications. This enhancement can be achieved through careful selection of such parameters as the PNP’s shape, material, size, the type of the medium around them, as well as the excitation and emission wavelengths of the emitter. Here, we simulated the nano-hybrid materials based on arrays of silver nanospheres, nanoprisms, and their combinations, located on polymer films with embedded dipole emitters. For these systems, the Purcell effect, as well as the excitation enhancement, transmittance, and absorption were evaluated. The results show the way to improve the PL properties of thin hybrid films by careful design of their composition using developed models.

Novel carbon nitride composites with improved visible light absorption synthesized in ZnCl2-based salt melts

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (77) ◽  
pp. 40803-40811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fettkenhauer ◽  
Jens Weber ◽  
Markus Antonietti ◽  
Dariya Dontsova
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Visible Light Absorption ◽  
Salt Melts ◽  
Selection Of

The outcome of the ionothermal condensation of melamine in ZnCl2-containing salt melts can be directed to poly(triazine imides), MOF-like hybrid materials or zinc cyanamide/C3N4 composites by careful selection of reaction conditions.

Afterword

2020 ◽  
pp. 680-683
Author(s):  
Janice L. Waldron ◽  
Stephanie Horsley ◽  
Kari K. Veblen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Pedagogical Tools ◽  
The Future ◽  
User Data ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Data Surface

We all feel the implications of the force of social media—for good and for ill—in our lives and in our professional world. At the time of this writing, Facebook continues with its struggle to “clean up its act” as more revelations surrounding breaches of trust and hacked user data surface in the news and various countries attempt to hold Facebook to account. Despite this, social media use continues to grow exponentially, and the potential for responsible, ethical, and transparent social media to transform the ways in which we interact with and learn from each other increase with it. As we wait to see what the future holds for social media in society, we are reminded once again that it is the careful selection of pedagogical tools such as social media, as well the guided awareness of the challenges and benefits of those tools, that remains constant, even as tools may change, disappear, or fall out of fashion.

The preparation of poly(methylsilsesquioxane) network-polyimide hybrid materials by the sol-gel process and their properties

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitake Iyoku ◽  
Masa-aki Kakimoto ◽  
Yoshio Imai
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Dimethyl Acetamide ◽  
Flexible Films ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
Silicone Content

Poly(methylsilsesquixoane) network (silicone)-polyimide hybrid materials were successfully prepared by the sol-gel reaction of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES). The ethoxysilyl group in MTES was hydrolyzed and polycondensed in the solution of the polyamic acid, derived from pyromellitic dianhydride and bis(4-aminophenyl)ether, in N,N-dimethyl-acetamide (DMAc). The hybrid films were obtained by casting the reaction mixture, followed by heating up to 300°C. The hybrid materials containing 0-60wt% of silicone afforded flexible films. The films containing less than 7 wt% silicone were yellow and transparent, whereas the films with higher silicone content were yellow and opaque. Silicone particles with a diameter of around 1-10 μm were observed in the fracture surface of the hybrid films by scanning electron microscopy. Although the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the films obtained decreased with increasing silicone content. the value of the elongation at break remained at 60% up to 30% silicone content.

Catacomb culture wagons of the Eurasian steppes

Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (340) ◽  
pp. 378-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Shishlina ◽  
D.S. Kovalev ◽  
E.R. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Catacomb Culture

The origin and development of wheeled vehicles continues to fascinate today no less than when Stuart Piggott (1974) first wrote about the subject inAntiquity40 years ago. A growing number of examples from the steppes of southern Russia and Ukraine are providing new insights into the design and construction of these complex artefacts. A recent example from the Ulan IV burial mound illustrates the techniques employed and the mastery of materials, with careful selection of the kinds of wood used for the wheels, axles and other elements. Stable isotope analysis of the individual interred in this grave showed that he had travelled widely, emphasising the mobility of steppe populations.

scholarly journals Monitoring morphology and properties of hybrid organicinorganic materials from in situ polymerization of tetraethoxysilane in polyimide polymer: 1. Effect of the coupling agent on the microstructure and interfacial interaction

e-Polymers ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Kaddami ◽  
Carsten Becker-Willinger ◽  
Helmut Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Temperature Relaxation ◽  
Saxs Analysis

AbstractTransmission electron microscopy (TEM), small angle X-ray (SAXS) and dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) were used to characterize the morphology and thermo-mechanical properties of hybrid organic inorganic materials. These materials were based on polyimide (PI) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). Polyimide polymer is prepared from 4,4’-oxydianiline (ODA) 2,2-Bis(3- amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoro-propane (6F-OHDA) pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) polyamic polymer. In one family of hybrid materials 3- isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (ICTS) is used as coupling agent in order to enhance the interfacial interaction between polyimide and silica. It was possible to modulate the morphology as well as the optical and thermo-mechanical properties of these hybrid materials depending on the formulation used. TEM and SAXS analysis indicated that silica domains on the nanoscale level are obtained when coupling agent is used in the formulation. Additionally the TEM and SAXS analysis indicated that miscibility of the organic and the inorganic phases on the molecular scale is obtained in the hybrid films when ICTS as coupling agent is added to the polyamic acid. These techniques show a fractal structure of the hybrid materials with coupling agent. This was confirmed with DMTA analysis which shows very high temperature relaxation (more than 450°C). From this result it could be derived that the addition of ICTS causes a morphological transformation from discrete particulate microstructure to fine interpenetrated or co-continuous phases. The intimate miscibility of the phases is accompanied at the same time by the amelioration of thermo-mechanical properties of the hybrid films.

scholarly journals Engineering the acyltransferase domain of epothilone polyketide synthase to alter the substrate specificity

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Wang ◽  
Junheng Liang ◽  
Qianwen Yue ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Strain ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Catalytic Domains ◽  
Malonyl Coa ◽  
Epothilone D ◽  
Careful Design ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background Polyketide synthases (PKSs) include ketone synthase (KS), acyltransferase (AT) and acyl carrier protein (ACP) domains to catalyse the elongation of polyketide chains. Some PKSs also contain ketoreductase (KR), dehydratase (DH) and enoylreductase (ER) domains as modification domains. Insertion, deletion or substitution of the catalytic domains may lead to the production of novel polyketide derivatives or to the accumulation of desired products. Epothilones are 16-membered macrolides that have been used as anticancer drugs. The substrate promiscuity of the module 4 AT domain of the epothilone PKS (EPOAT4) results in production of epothilone mixtures; substitution of this domain may change the ratios of epothilones. In addition, there are two dormant domains in module 9 of the epothilone PKS. Removing these redundant domains to generate a simpler and more efficient assembly line is a desirable goal. Results The substitution of module 4 drastically diminished the activity of epothilone PKS. However, with careful design of the KS-AT linker and the post-AT linker, replacing EPOAT4 with EPOAT2, EPOAT6, EPOAT7 or EPOAT8 (specifically incorporating methylmalonyl-CoA (MMCoA)) significantly increased the ratio of epothilone D (4) to epothilone C (3) (the highest ratio of 4:3 = 4.6:1), whereas the ratio of 4:3 in the parental strain Schlegelella brevitalea 104-1 was 1.4:1. We also obtained three strains by swapping EPOAT4 with EPOAT3, EPOAT5, or EPOAT9, which specifically incorporate malonyl-CoA (MCoA). These strains produced only epothilone C, and the yield was increased by a factor of 1.8 compared to that of parental strain 104-1. Furthermore, mutations of five residues in the AT domain identified Ser310 as the critical factor for MMCoA recognition in EPOAT4. Then, the mutation of His308 to valine or tyrosine combined with the mutation of Phe310 to serine further altered the product ratios. At the same time, we successfully deleted the inactive module 9 DH and ER domains and fused the ΨKR domain with the KR domain through an ~ 25-residue linker to generate a productive and simplified epothilone PKS. Conclusions These results suggested that the substitution and deletion of catalytic domains effectively produces desirable compounds and that selection of the linkers between domains is crucial for maintaining intact PKS catalytic activity.

scholarly journals The Effects of Landscape Elements on the Breeding Sites of Bloodsucking Midge

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2863
Author(s):  
Kaowen Grace Chang ◽  
Hungju Chien
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Potential Habitats ◽  
Landscape Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Forcipomyia taiwana, a bloodsucking midge that is one of the most irritating biting pests in Taiwan, has raised widespread public concern. However, we have little information about the extent to which landscape factors affect their potential habitats. As a result, landscape professionals do not have enough information to implement preventive strategies to control midges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between landscaping and algae growth for larval breeding sites of Forcipomyia taiwana. The intent is to determine the environmental strategies that make the planned landscape unsuitable for midges to breed. GIS based on data collected from 16 constructed landscape sites (317,187 m2 in total) was utilized to spatially examine the relationship between the occurrence of the algae for midge breeding sites and the ground surface types and planting characteristics in each landscape. The results revealed that the potential midge habitats can be controlled through careful selection of the ground surface, the improvement of the site drainage, and choosing plants with the appropriate characteristics. Apart from choosing the appropriate type of paving surface, the integrity of the paving installation and the coverage of the ecological surface also influence prevention efficacy.

WEIGHT GAINS IN THE FIRST FOUR WEEKS OF INFANCY: A COMPARISON OF THREE DIETS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
Ruth T. Gross ◽  
Lincoln E. Moses
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Clinical Judgement ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
The Many ◽  
Selection Of

Four hundred seven healthy, full-term infants were divided into three groups and fed, respectively, a formula of evaporated milk and water with 5% carbohydrate; human milk; and a special modified evaporated milk designed to simulate human milk. No other foods were added to the diet. A comparison of the three groups was made, based on weight gains from birth to the end of the first 4 weeks. The conclusions refer only to weight gains; no attempt was made to determine the superiority of any particular diet. The data show no significant differences in the 4-week weight gains among the three groups of infants, although sensitive statistical methods could be validly applied to the problem. These methods are explained. The authors wish to emphasize the many variables which must be taken into account in a study of this sort; the necessity for careful selection of valid statistical methods; the importance of critical clinical judgement in the evaluation of the results.

The Design for Assembly Guidelines Transform a Product Innovation From a Loser to a Winner

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Myszka
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Design For Assembly ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Manual Review ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Several manufacturer’s are witnessing soaring profits as a result of cost reductions derived from Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) analyses. These successes are prompting others to turn to more refined computer models of product assemblies. However, much can be gained from a very routine analysis, using nothing more than the basic Design for Assembly (DFA) guidelines. These gains can be realized at a mere fraction of the resources needed for the computer models. This method of analysis is especially appealing to engineers whose time constraints require careful selection of design activities. This paper argues that DFMA analysis does not need to be an elaborate modeling process to produce significant cost improvements. This point is illustrated with an example of a redesign of a cooking range door. A manual review of the DFA guidelines turned a design innovation from a loser into a winner. Success stories from such informal analyses should promote greater implementation across industries that are hesitant in adopting DFMA practices.

scholarly journals Report of the Odessa City Psychiatric Hospital for 1906, compiled by the doctors of the hospital

1907 ◽  
Vol XIV (3-4) ◽  
pp. 205-206
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The report is a careful selection of digital data that illuminate in detail and visually the aspects of hospital life for the reporting year, especially since these data are organized into interesting general conclusions.

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