scholarly journals The indices of sorghum seed quality in dependence on ecological and geographical origin

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
V V Kovtunov ◽  
N A Kovtunova ◽  
A S Popov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Protein ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Percentage Content ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Maximum Content

Abstract The current paper presents the study results of protein percentage, content of lysine and starch in the collection samples of grain sorghum of various ecological and geographical origin. It was determined that the seed protein percentage in the grain sorghum samples varied from 9.0 to 13.5%. The highest values were identified in the samples from Russia (KiM, Krymbel, Krusta, Ros’), Ukraine (Pioner 412/Milovskoe 6, No. 13-13, Pioner 878/Genicheskoe brown 129) and China (KX 8, No. 26-14) with 13.0-13.5%. The lysine content in protein of the studied samples was 2.5-4.3%, while the value of the standard variety Zernogradskoe 88 was 3.17% with the standard deviation of 0.24%. The maximum content (3.8-4.3%) was identified in the samples Early Hegari (Peru), Line ExF3 IS12606 (Australia), DN-35f (Ukraine), CS-175 (Philippines), H.S.-21 (Romania), Sorghum k-9553 (Korea). The starch content in seed of the collection samples varied within 70.2-77.5%. The highest intragroup values were showed by the samples from Peru (73.9%), Australia (73.8%), France (73.0%), Senegal (73.4%).

scholarly journals Seed Protein Percentage and Mineral Concentration Variability and Their Correlation with Other Seed Quality Traits in the U.S. Peanut Mini-Core Collection

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li Wang ◽  
Michael A. Grusak ◽  
Charles Y. Chen ◽  
Brandon Tonnis ◽  
Noelle A. Barkley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Mini Core Collection ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT Protein percentage and mineral concentrations are important parameters for determining the seed nutrition quality. Although the U.S. peanut mini-core collection is the important genetic resources for peanut breeding programs, the variability in protein percentage and mineral concentrations for this mini-core has not been well evaluated. The lack of information may hinder its optimum utilization. The seeds from this mini-core were collected from two field seasons. Their protein percentage and mineral concentrations of 95 accessions were determined by nitrogen analysis and inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry, respectively. Significant variability in the seed protein percentage among accessions was revealed, ranging from 20.6 to 30.4%, with an average of 26.2%. Significantly higher variability in plant micronutrient mineral concentrations (more than two-fold for B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, and Zn) than in macronutrient mineral concentrations (less than two-fold for K, Mg, P, and S) was also identified among accessions. Calcium however was an exception, demonstrating 3.7-fold variability among the accessions evaluated. Three accessions (PI 497517, PI 493547, and PI 429429) were identified as lines containing high seed levels of both Fe and Zn. Correlation coefficients were also determined among 28 investigated seed chemical composition traits, using data from a previous study with the same samples. Protein percentage was significantly negatively correlated with seed weight, oil, and oleate percentage. Several mineral elements (Fe, Mg, Mn, and Zn) were also significantly negatively correlated with oleate percentage. The results from this study will be useful for peanut nutrition breeding and food product development.

Nutritional aspects of cereal proteins and approaches to overcome their deficiencies

1984 ◽  
Vol 304 (1120) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
High Lysine ◽  
Cereal Proteins

The inferior nutritional value of cereal protein is primarily because of the high content of the storage protein prolamin. These proteins are in general characterized by a very high content of proline and glutamine and a low content of lysine and other nutritionally essential amino acids. The cereals vary with respect to prolamin and lysine content. Rice and oats have a relatively low prolam in content, around 10% , and an acceptable lysine content. W heat and barley contain 40-45% prolamin and about 3.5% lysine, while maize and sorghum contain more than 50% prolamin in their seed protein, that results in a lysine content below 2.5% . Intensive screenings for changes in endosperm morphology, protein composition, or lysine content have led to the detection of a number of mutants with reduced prolamin content and increased content of lysine and other essential amino acids. These high-lysine and low-prolamin mutants have a considerably improved nutritional value of the seed protein. However, all the mutants found so far are also characterized by a reduced starch content and grain yield, and high-lysine varieties have only been grown to a very limited extent. The present main approaches studied to improve the nutritional value of cereal proteins are (i) the replacement of some of the prolamin with lysine-rich storage proteins present in low amounts in the seed, and (ii) the improvement of the nutritional value of prolam in by genetic engineering.

A Lesser-Known Grain, Chenopodium Quinoa: Review of the Chemical Composition of its Edible Parts

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Thoufeek Ahamed ◽  
Rekha S. Singhal ◽  
Pushpa R. Kulkarni ◽  
Mohinder Pal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Protein ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
World Population ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Edible Seeds ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Edible Parts ◽  
Research Resources

In this era of ever-increasing world population, newer food and feed crops that have been hitherto neglected are gaining recognition. The rejection of such lesser-known food crops has been due not to any inferiority but to the lack of research resources in the place of origin and often to their being scorned as “poor people's plants.” The genus Chenopodium supplies tasty and nutritious leaves as well as pink- to cream-coloured edible seeds. Tolerance to cold, drought, and salinity and the high lysine content of the seed protein are the attractive features of quinoa (Chenopodiumquinoa), the most frequently consumed species in the Andean regions of South America, Africa, some parts of Asia, and Europe. This review compares and evaluates the nutritional and antinutritional constituents of the leaves and seeds of C. quinoa vis-à-vis their conventional counterparts and argues for the acceptance of this plant in human diets.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of the Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) Seed Quality in China from 2013 to 2018

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Heqin Li ◽  
Haiwang Yue ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Chengfu Su ◽  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hybrid Maize

In this study, a comparative analysis of seed quality indicators of 1196 hybrid maize seed samples from the main maize-producing areas in China from 2013 to 2018 was carried out. The results showed that the maize seed quality in China had changed obviously in the past six years, and was mainly as follows: The percentage of samples with coated seed in 2015–2018 was higher than 62.8% in 2013 and all exceeded 97%; the sample rate of packaging according to seed number was from 24.5% in 2013 to 58.6% in 2018, and the percentage of samples which met the prescribed quality standards was from 89.2% in 2013 to 98.4% in 2018. Principal component analysis indicated that standard germination energy (SGE), standard germination percentage (SGP), cold test germination percentage (CTGP), accelerated aging test germination percentage (AATGP), and mean field seedling emergence (FSE) were the primary predictors of seed germination and seedling emergence. Meanwhile, combining other statistical methods, regression models of SGE, SGP, CTGP, and AATGP were established to predict the field seedling emergence. Furthermore, seed bulk density and total starch content were correlated with seed vigor, which needs to be further studied. This study offered a theoretical basis and data support to better understand the changes of maize quality in China over the past six years, and provided an important reference to further improve the maize seed quality in the future.

Electrolyte Effect to Copolymer Grafting of Starch onto Natural Rubber Using Glow Discharge Electrolysis Plasma (GDEP) Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 951 ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Agita ◽  
Bilal Islam Diviva ◽  
Muhammad Abizar Yusa Alfiando ◽  
Biran Gufran ◽  
Mochamad Chalid
Keyword(s):  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Interesting Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Glow Discharge Electrolysis ◽  
Glow Discharge Electrolysis Plasma

Natural rubber has an important role in many applications such as tyre products due to excellent elasticity and high friction causing wear on the tire and leading to energy dissipation in the form of heat and noise. Although reinforcing both inorganic and organic fillers can be a solution, it generally needs expensive coupling agent. Finding an excellent coupling agent by considering to environmentally friendly materials and economic aspect, is an interesting study. This study reported modification of natural rubber through copolymer grafting of starch onto natural rubber latex using Glow Discharge Electrolysis Plasma (GDEP) with varying of electrolyte. The experimental indicated that the electrolytes generally give significant effect to percent yield of the hybrid natural rubber-starch product. The highest percent yield is obtained from adding KCl. Addition of the divalent salts such as MgCl2and CaCl2disturbs the process due to reaction the salts with stabilizing system in natural rubber latex. Addition of NaOH is able to enhance the reaction performance with considering the radical elements recombination. The starch part as polar part and the natural rubber as non polar part building up the hybrid natural rubber-starch products, correlate with hydrophilicity and degradation of the both parts. This study results in the lowest contact angle of 54.80, the highest percent yield of 8.6 %,, and the highest starch content in the product of 1.6%.

The effect of N and P fertilization on growth, seed yield and quality of industrial hemp in the Parkland region of Saskatchewan

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Vera ◽  
S. S. Malhi ◽  
J. P. Raney ◽  
Z. H. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Industrial Hemp

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has sparked renewed interest in western Canada in recent years, and there is very little research information available on its fertilizer requirements. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of surface-broadcast ammonium nitrate and seedrow placed monoammonium phosphate fertilizers on the production and seed quality attributes of industrial hemp (cv. Fasamo and Finola). Field experiments were conducted on a Black Chernozem silty loam soil at Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada, in 2000, 2001 and 2002. Increasing N rates significantly increased plant height, biomass, seed yield and seed protein content of hemp in all years. Seed-applied P fertilizer increased plant height in all years, and biomass in 2000, but reduced plant density, biomass and seed yield in 2001 and 2002. Finola consistently had lower plant height, earlier maturity, heavier seeds, and higher seed yield, seed protein content and seed oil content than Fasamo. The average amount of nitrate-N in the 0–60 cm soil was 40 kg N ha-1. Seed yield kg-1 of N was 9.4, 5.9, 4.5 and 3.7 kg ha-1 for Fasamo, and 10.6, 7.7, 6.0 and 4.5 kg ha-1 for Finola, respectively, at 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 of soil plus fertilizer N. Key words: Fertilizer, hemp, nitrogen, phosphorus, rainfall, soil extractable P, soil nitrate-N, cultivars

Genetic diversity for seed protein composition in Medicago truncatula

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Le Signor ◽  
K. Gallardo ◽  
J.M. Prosperi ◽  
C. Salon ◽  
L. Quillien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Autogamous Species ◽  
Protein Classes

Fifty lines of Medicago truncatula, derived from ecotypes or cultivars of diverse geographical origin, were grown under uniform conditions, and variation in seed protein composition and quantity was investigated. One-dimensional electrophoretic profiles revealed 46 major seed polypeptides, of which 26 were polymorphic within the collection. The vicilin/convicilin (7S) and the legumin (11S) type proteins were identified by immunoblotting using antibodies raised against the homologous pea proteins. The polymorphism for the major seed protein classes allowed the clustering of the genotypes into four groups. There was no evidence of clustering according to geographical origin of the lines. However, all lines not belonging to either M. truncatula ssp. truncatula or ssp. longispina were clustered in a single group, demonstrating the value of seed protein profiles in delimiting species boundaries. The Jemalong line group was differentiated early in the dendrogram, and thus represents an ancient clade in the seed diversity of M. truncatula. Within-accession variation was investigated for one-dimensional seed profiles, with additional lines obtained from the same ecotypes. As expected for an autogamous species, within-accession variation was low. Seed protein content was highly variable among the 50 lines examined. Lines contrasting for qualitative traits and seed protein content were identified to allow for the genetic determination of these characters.

Impacts of Kafirin Allelic Diversity, Starch Content, and Protein Digestibility on Ethanol Conversion Efficiency in Grain Sorghum

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia E. Cremer ◽  
Liman Liu ◽  
Scott R. Bean ◽  
Jae-Bom Ohm ◽  
Michael Tilley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Conversion

scholarly journals Estimation of sedimentation and grain quality indicators of the winter bread wheat varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
О. A. Nekrasova ◽  
N. S. Kravchenko ◽  
N. G. Ignatieva ◽  
M. M. Kopus ◽  
D. M. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Biochemical Estimation ◽  
Variety Testing

The current paper has presented the study results of SDS-sedimentation and grain quality indicators of the winter bread wheat varieties in an interstation variety testing from the research institutions of the Russian Federation, Ukraine and France. The research work was carried out in 2017–2019 in the field of the laboratory for breeding winter bread wheat, the forecrop was maize for grain. The purpose of the research was to estimate SDS-sedimentation, protein percentage in grain, quantity and quality of gluten in the winter bread wheat varieties of interstation variety testing, for the subsequent introduction of the best samples in the breeding process aimed at improving grain quality. Grain quality indicators of the winter bread wheat varieties were identified in the laboratory for biochemical estimation of breeding material and grain quality using IR spectroscopy on ‘SpektraStar 2200’ analyzer. There was established that according to the SDS-sedimentation most of the samples corresponded to strong wheat (50–63 ml). There have been identified the genotypes with the highest values of this trait, such as ‘Shef’ (58 ml), ‘Nakhodka’ (59 ml) and ‘Don 107’ (61 ml). The largest gluten content in grain was identified in the varieties ‘Don 107’, ‘Shef’, ‘Kavalerka’, ‘Timiryazevka 150’ and ‘Nakhodka’ (25.5–26.2%). The largest protein percentage in grain has been identified in the varieties ‘Don 107’, ‘Shef’, ‘Aksinya’, ‘Nakhodka’ and ‘Timiryazevka 150’ (12.5-12.8%). The varieties ‘Don 107’, ‘Shef’, ‘Nakhodka’ and ‘Timiryazevka 150’ were identified according to the studied traits and were recommended to be involved in the breeding process as parental forms.

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