scholarly journals Diversity of cave-dwelling bats in Leang Londrong, Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park: An initial field note

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
N. Nasri ◽  
R.I. Maulany ◽  
A S Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Karst Formation ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Field Note ◽  
Hind Foot ◽  
Bat Diversity

Abstract Leang Londrong is one the caves in Maros-Pangkep Karst Formation utilized for nature tourism and has become a habitat for bats. Little is known on the bats inhabited the cave. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the diversity, abundance, morphometric of cave-dwelling bats in Leang Londrong, Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park as well as their distribution of roosting sites and micro-climate conditions between May-June 2021. The bats were trapped and collected by using two-layered mist nets erected in front of cave entrance. With captured-marked-recaptured (CMR) method, bat diversity, abundance, and morphometric, were examined. Direct measurements on roosting sites were employed to determine micro-climate conditions. There were 3 species of Microchiropteran bats found in the site namely Rhinolophus arcuatus, Hipposideros diadema and Myotis sp. Total number of all bats trapped in the net during the observation days was 10 individuals. The largest bat species found living in the cave was Hipposideros diadema (average body length of 101.1 mm; tail of 51.46 mm; ear 24.5 mm; forearm length of 96.12 mm; tibia length of 34.6 mm; hind foot of 14.32 mm; and 63.75 g of weight). Meanwhile, Myotis sp. was known to be the smallest. For micro-climate conditions, the five roosting sites inside the cave had the average temperature of 26.58°C (range: 26.2-27.3) with the humidity in average around 92.88% (range 89.6-93.8%), while the average light intensity was found to be 0 lx in each roost with the noise level recorded in average of 65.08 dB.

Derivation Mathematical Equations for Future Calculation of Potential Evapotranspiration in Iraq, A Review of Application of Thornthwaite Evapotranspiration

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037-1048
Author(s):  
Hussein Ilaibi Zamil Al-Sudani
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

     In any natural area or water body, evapotranspiration is one of the important outcomes in the water balance equation. As a significant method and depending on monthly average temperature, estimating of potential Evapotranspiration depending on Thornthwaite method was adopted in this research review. Estimate and discuss evapotranspiration by using Thornthwaite method is the main objectives of this research review with considerable details as well as compute potential evapotranspiration based on climatologically data obtained in Iraq. Temperature - evapotranspiration relationship can be estimated between those two parameters to reduce cost and time and facilitate calculation of water balance in lakes, river, and hydrogeological basins. The relationship was obtained using Thornthwaite method in Iraq by dividing the area into seven sectors according to geographic latitude. Each sector has multi meteorological stations where thirty two stations were used with different periods of records. A mathematical relationship was obtained between mean temperature and corrected potential evapotranspiration with (97.45) to (99.84) coefficient of determination. The mean temperature has a decreasing pattern from southern east towards northern west of Iraq affected by Mediterranean Sea climate conditions, while corrected potential evapotranspiration has the opposite direction regarding increased value because of a direct relationship with temperature.

Fire regimes and interval-sensitive vegetation in semiarid Gregory National Park, northern Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Russell-Smith ◽  
Cameron P. Yates ◽  
Chris Brock ◽  
Vanessa C. Westcott
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Fine Fuels ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

Few data are available concerning contemporary fire regimes and the responses of fire interval-sensitive vegetation types in semiarid woodland savanna landscapes of northern Australia. For a 10 300 km2 semiarid portion of Gregory National Park, in the present paper we describe (1) components of the contemporary fire regime for 1998–2008, on the basis of assessments derived from Landsat and MODIS imagery, (2) for the same period, the population dynamics, and characteristic fine-fuel loads associated with Acacia shirleyi Maiden (lancewood), an obligate seeder tree species occurring in dense monodominant stands, and (3) the fire responses of woody species, and fine-fuel dynamics, sampled in 41 plots comprising shrubby open-woodland over spinifex hummock grassland. While rain-year (July–June) rainfall was consistently reliable over the study period, annual fire extent fluctuated markedly, with an average of 29% being fire affected, mostly in the latter part of the year under relatively harsh fire-climate conditions. Collectively, such conditions facilitated short fire-return intervals, with 30% of the study area experiencing a repeat fire within 1 year, and 80% experiencing a repeat fire within 3 years. Fine fuels associated with the interior of lancewood thickets were characteristically small (<1 t ha–1). Fine fuels dominated by spinifex (Triodia spp.) were found to accumulate at rates equivalent to those observed under higher-rainfall conditions. Stand boundaries of A. shirleyi faired poorly under prevailing fire regimes over the study period; in 16 plots, juvenile density declined 62%, and adult stem density and basal area declined by 53% and 40%, respectively. Although the maturation (primary juvenile) period of A. shirleyi is incompletely known, assembled growth rate and phenology data indicated that it is typically >10 years. Of 133 woody species sampled, all trees (n = 26), with the exception of A. shirleyi, were resprouters, and 58% of all shrub species (n = 105) were obligate seeders, with observed primary juvenile periods <5 years. Assembled data generally supported observations made from other northern Australian studies concerning the responses of fire-sensitive woody taxa in rugged, sandstone-derived landscapes, and illustrated the enormous challenges facing ecologically sustainable fire management in such settings. Contemporary fire regimes of Gregory National Park are not ecologically sustainable.

scholarly journals Seasonal influence of snow conditions on Dall’s sheep productivity in Wrangell-St Elias National Park and Preserve

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0244787
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Cosgrove ◽  
Jeff Wells ◽  
Anne W. Nolin ◽  
Judy Putera ◽  
Laura R. Prugh
Keyword(s):  
Snow Depth ◽  
National Park ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Remote Cameras ◽  
Snow Conditions ◽  
Dall’S Sheep

Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) are endemic to alpine areas of sub-Arctic and Arctic northwest America and are an ungulate species of high economic and cultural importance. Populations have historically experienced large fluctuations in size, and studies have linked population declines to decreased productivity as a consequence of late-spring snow cover. However, it is not known how the seasonality of snow accumulation and characteristics such as depth and density may affect Dall’s sheep productivity. We examined relationships between snow and climate conditions and summer lamb production in Wrangell-St Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska over a 37-year study period. To produce covariates pertaining to the quality of the snowpack, a spatially-explicit snow evolution model was forced with meteorological data from a gridded climate re-analysis from 1980 to 2017 and calibrated with ground-based snow surveys and validated by snow depth data from remote cameras. The best calibrated model produced an RMSE of 0.08 m (bias 0.06 m) for snow depth compared to the remote camera data. Observed lamb-to-ewe ratios from 19 summers of survey data were regressed against seasonally aggregated modelled snow and climate properties from the preceding snow season. We found that a multiple regression model of fall snow depth and fall air temperature explained 41% of the variance in lamb-to-ewe ratios (R2 = .41, F(2,38) = 14.89, p<0.001), with decreased lamb production following deep snow conditions and colder fall temperatures. Our results suggest the early establishment and persistence of challenging snow conditions is more important than snow conditions immediately prior to and during lambing. These findings may help wildlife managers to better anticipate Dall’s sheep recruitment dynamics.

scholarly journals Ecogeography of Lippia rotundifolia Cham. in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Messulan Rodrigues Meira ◽  
Ernane Ronie Martins ◽  
Luciane Vilela Resende
Keyword(s):  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Cadeia Do Espinhaço ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACT: Lippia rotundifolia is a specie native to the Brazilian Cerrado, endemic to the Cadeia do Espinhaço mountain range. Due to the limited information about the species, the present study aimed to characterize the ecogeography, climate conditions and physical and chemical characteristics of the soil of Lippia rotundifolia in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Thirteen sites were ecogeographically characterized: Parque Estadual Veredas do Peruaçu; Gigante; Rio do Peixe; AEP of Olhos D’água; Joaquim Felício; Parque Estadual do Rio Preto; São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras; Rio Tigre; RPPN Brumas do Espinhaço; Lapinha; Poço Bonito; Abóboras; and Parque Estadual de Serra Nova. Environments belonged to Cerrado and Caatinga biomes, specifically in rocky and altitude fields. The species occurs at altitudes between 691-1311m, with precipitation between 700 to 1600mm and average temperature between 14.5 to 24°C. In these vegetation types, the soils were sandy, hyper dystrophic and highly toxic with a low cation exchange capacity. These characteristics make the species undemanding with regard to edaphoclimatic and ecogeographic factors.

scholarly journals Bat survey of the lower Juruena River and five new records for the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio C. DALPONTE ◽  
Renato GREGORIN ◽  
Vanderléia A. ESTEVES-COSTA ◽  
Ednaldo C. ROCHA ◽  
Rodrigo MARCELINO
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
New Records ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
Biogeographical Region ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
Bat Diversity

ABSTRACT The northern Brazilian state of Mato Grosso is considered an important biogeographical region, but has many sampling gaps. Apart from the well-documented non volant mammal community in the region, the bat fauna still poorly recorded. The aim of this study was to record the bat species of Juruena National Park, northern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Nineteen sites were sampled using mist-nets placed at ground level and near potential bat roosts. We collected 115 individuals belonging to 35 species and five families, which increased the number of species known for Mato Grosso´s Amazon from 86 to 91. The five new records were: Peropteryx kappleri, Peropteryx leucoptera, Lonchorhina inusitata, Tonatia saurophila, and Artibeus concolor. Our results pointed out the necessity of more studies in order to better estimate the bat diversity in northern Mato Grosso.

scholarly journals In Niger, the Expected Futur Climate Will Provide Better Conditions than the Current One to Diospyros Mespiliformis Hochst. ex A.DC. Rich.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ado ALI ◽  
Laouali ABDOU ◽  
Maman Maârouhi INOUSSA ◽  
Josiane SEGHIERI ◽  
Ali MAHAMANE
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Principle Of Maximum Entropy ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
Human Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Principle Of Maximum

The human use of plant resources and land to face increasing population needs in Africa to the regression or even the disappearance of some useful multi-purpose species such as Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. Ex A. Rich. Increasing climatic variability is an additional threat for these species. The present study aims to identify the areas that are potentially favorable to D. mespiliformis conservation or regeneration in Niger and to analyze the impact of the current climate change. Thus to assess the D. mespiliformis distribution areas, the geographic coordinates of D. mespiliformis, the bioclimatic data, the soil and vegetation cover were collected and used to modeling based on the principle of maximum entropy (MaxEnt). The soil cover, annual cumulated precipitations and the average temperature are the most determining variables. This study also shows that the ecological niche of D. mespiliformis is located in the Central and Eastern bioclimates, within which almost 3% of the surface is very favorable under the current climate conditions and may reach 3. 94 % under 2050 ones after. These results indicate that the climate change expected in Niger is expected to be more favorable to the studied species than the current climate conditions. This represents an opportunity for its domestication.

scholarly journals Perencanaan Lanskap dan Strategi Pengembangan Potensi Daya Tarik Ekowisata Batu Rongring Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovie Farizal ◽  
Hamdani Harahaf ◽  
Marifatin Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Park ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Internal Factor ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Potential Analysis

<p>Batu Rongring Ecotourism is in the buffer zone of National Park of Gunung Leuser (TNGL). The uniqueness of ecosystems, customs, and flora of the flora makes Batu Rongring Ecotourism interesting to visit. Batu Rongring Ecotourism Planning and Development must be in accordance with the characteristics and potential of the Natural Attraction Attraction (ODTWA) in Batu Rongring. This study aims to analyze landscape planning in developing Batu Rongring ecotourism as a buffer for TNGL. ODTWA potential analysis for the Rongring Stone Development Strategy uses internal factor analysis (IFAS), external factors (EFAS) and SWOT Analysis. Landscape planning is done by involving stakeholders in the Forum Group Disscusion (FGD). The results of the assessment in the development of Batu Rongring Ecotourism is known the value of IFAS = 2.71 which makes the strategy in the development of Rongring Stone is the strength and the value of EFAS = 3.33 establishes the strategy used in developing the Rongring Stone is an opportunity. Batu Rongring Ecotourism has ODTWA that can be developed. Potential ODTWA found in Batu Rongring are: Sei Musam River, Flora fauna, Community huts, Customs, Caves. Batu Rongring Ecotourism development strategies are: Nature Tourism Attraction, Tourism Cooperation, Ecotourism Training, Capital, Sarpras, Economic Tourism, Traditional Tourism, Perdes, Online Promotion.</p>

scholarly journals Antalya İklim Koşullarında Farklı Donanımlara Sahip Seraların Isı Enerjisi Gereksiniminin Belirlenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Nafi Baytorun ◽  
Sait Üstün ◽  
Adil Akyüz ◽  
Ali Çaylı
Keyword(s):  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Size Type ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Heat Requirement ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Region Size ◽  
Real Temperature

In Mediterranean climate region, during certain times of the year the daily average temperature decreases under 12°C. In such conditions, greenhouse heating is essential to be able to get the high quality yield that is expected from greenhouses. The cost of heating varies from 20% to 60% of the total costs depending on the climate of the region, size, type and hardware of the greenhouse and type of plant grown in the greenhouse. The heat requirement in greenhouses is calculated based on the rudiments defined by DIN 4701 standards. However, the real temperature in greenhouses is higher than the outside temperatures used in calculations. For this reason, the heat requirement in greenhouses should be calculated by taking temperature increases that are caused by ventilation temperature and heat storage capability into consideration. In this study, the heat energy need of Antalya which is located in Mediterranean region is assessed according to its climate conditions. In the calculations, the different hardware structures are considered and the level of energy that can be saved is calculated. As a result of the calculations, depending on the month of the year, 12% to 29% difference is observed between energy requirement calculations based on the indoor temperature increases and energy requirement calculations based on outside temperature values.

scholarly journals “Not just a hobby, but a lifestyle”: Characteristics, preferences and self-perception of individuals with different levels of involvement in birdwatching

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255359
Author(s):  
Emilia Janeczko ◽  
Adrian Łukowski ◽  
Ernest Bielinis ◽  
Małgorzata Woźnicka ◽  
Krzysztof Janeczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Large City ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

Birdwatching is one of the most sustainable types of nature-based tourism and, at the same time, a form of recreation that is developing very dynamically. Birdwatching is attracting more and more people, not only professionals, but also amateurs from many countries. Birdwatching research is still relatively embryonic, especially when compared to nature tourism or wildlife tourism. Our main aim was to determine preferences and opinions of birdwatchers visiting the largest national park in Poland, in relation to their different levels of involvement. The data were collected in 2018 from a survey of a sample of 357 Polish and foreign birdwatchers. Results showed that birdwatcher respondents were predominantly male, middle-aged, and living in a large city. An important tool described in this article is a new scale that assesses the level of involvement of individual people engaged in birdwatching activity. This scale corresponds well with the individual characteristics of birdwatchers. Most birdwatchers defined their birdwatching activity as a permanent rather than a temporary hobby and therefore considered it to be more of a lifestyle than a hobby. Engagement in birdwatching activity increased with age and frequency of trips. The two most important reasons for birding were ‘to be close to nature’ and ‘fascination with birds’. It has been proven that the development of birdwatching in the future will require a developed infrastructure enabling interaction with the objects of observation.

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