scholarly journals Dynamic of migration and labor productivity in the rural area of PATANAS villages

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012083
Author(s):  
A R Irawan ◽  
Ashari ◽  
T Sudaryanto ◽  
B Irawan ◽  
Sunarsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Permanent Migration ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Productivity Dynamics ◽  
Plantation Labor

Abstract The agricultural sector still becomes a source of household income in rural areas, although its role tends to decrease. In the period 2011‒2015, the number of agricultural workers decreased about 1% per year and is inversely proportional to the increasing Indonesian labor, which reached an average of 1.2% per year. Several leading causes of labor decreases are migration and productivity issues in the agricultural sector. This paper aims to determine migration and labor productivity dynamics in three-time points in villages on Panel Petani Nasional Program (PATANAS) located at three agroecosystems: plantation, secondary crop, and vegetable. Amount of respondents in each agroecosystem were 312, 232, and 121 farmers. Data analysis was presented descriptively. The results of the study indicated that labor productivity varies between agroecosystems. The highest increase in productivity occurred in vegetable, then secondary crop, and plantation. Labor productivity in the agricultural sector is inversely proportional to the migration on an agroecosystem. There is not excessive migration in the vegetable agroecosystems since labor productivity is highest than the others. There is a phenomenon of increasing working family members followed by an increase in the number of migrations. This phenomenon negatively impacts the agricultural sector because there is no increase in the number of workers in the agricultural sector. There is a trend for young people in PATANAS villages to undertake permanent migration. Increasing labor productivity in rural areas predicted could reduce labor migration. Efforts that can be created are gradually encouraging off-farm and non-farm activities, including small-scale agro-industries.

scholarly journals Integration Efforts in Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Judit Beke Lisányi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Downward Pressure ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Capital Intensive

The economic and political transition brought many challenges for the Hungarian agricultural sector. The break-up of large agricultural holdings had serious negative impacts on food production and on the export of agricultural products. Capital intensive profit-seeking intermediaries dominate the trading of agricultural goods that has injurious effects in terms of downward pressure on production prices and an increase in consumer prices. Cooperatives have a key role in effectively tackling the common challenges that small-scale producers have to face. More vertical integration along the food chain could contribute to providing rural employment and to an increase in living standards in rural areas. This study reviews the development, the specific features and the driving forces of modern cooperatives in Central Europe in general, and in Hungary in particular. The focus is on the integrator role of cooperatives and their future role in our globalised world. JEL Classification: Q10, Q13

Improving Labor Productivity and Efficiency of the Use of Production Resources of Agricultural Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
S.A. Sharipov ◽  
◽  
N.L. Titov ◽  
G.A. Kharisov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Production Resources

The article considers the current trends in the organization of agricultural production. The directions of evaluation of efficiency of use of production resources are revealed. The prospects for the development of agricultural business in the Republic of Tatarstan are determined. It is noted that in modern conditions, the importance of agriculture in ensuring food security is significantly increasing. The results of regulation of agricultural production and state support of various organizational forms of agricultural business are shown on the example of agricultural formations of the Republic of Tatarstan. They ensured the sustainable development of rural areas and the agricultural sector of the republic, increasing labor productivity and the efficiency of using the production resources of agricultural enterprises on the basis of innovations.

scholarly journals Solutions for changing production scale in the agricultural sector in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 10008
Author(s):  
Thi Hoai Nguyen ◽  
Duc Luan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Number Of Solutions ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Large Scale Production

In this paper, the authors analyze the current situation of agricultural production in Vietnam and affirm that fragmentation is one of the basic causes leading to ineffective potentials and low labor productivity. Based on this, the authors propose a number of solutions to convert small-scale production to large-scale production in order to improve labor productivity and optimally exploit resources in the agricultural sector in Vietnam today.

scholarly journals Assessment of the state of social and labor sphere of rural areas in the Ural Federal District

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Victoria Kalitskaya ◽  
Andrey Pustuev ◽  
Olga Rykalina ◽  
Irina Perminova ◽  
Olga Mustafina
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Number Of Factors

The article presents the author’s calculations of the labor sphere state of rural areas of the Ural Federal District (Russia). It is substantiated that labor (human) capital is the most important element of ensuring the functioning of the entire agrarian sphere. The estimation of labor productivity in the agricultural sector, the rate of wage growth, as well as relative social and labor indicators of the agricultural direction to the general economic is conducted. The authors consider the ratio of agrolabor productivity growth and decrease in the number of workers in this sphere, which is associated with a number of factors, resulting in the construction of a system of sociolabor factors interaction contributing to the development of rural areas, based on analytical data

scholarly journals Small-scale Farming and Access to Market: Challenges and Opportunities in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Confidence Ndlovu ◽  
Mandla Masuku
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The paper has aimed to explore the effectiveness of small-scale farmers in improving household income and food security, particularly looking at the barriers to market access in rural areas. This study was undertaken in rural areas of Kanyamazane, Clau-Clau and Nyongane, South Africa, where small-scale producers depend on low-risk and low-return markets to generate household income from production, thus ensuring food security. To achieve the aim of this study, a qualitative approach was used to provide in-depth interpretation of the perspectives, experiences, and behavioural patterns of the small-scale farmers faced with market related issues. Small-scale farmers, agricultural extension officers, and municipal officials were purposefully selected to share their views, perceptions, and experiences on the effectiveness in accessing markets. The findings revealed that there was limited access to formal markets by small-scale farmers because of limited knowledge and capacity to meet market requirements. The study confirmed that a lack of marketing skills, institutional support services, and limited access to arable land, have directly negative effects on achieving livelihood outcomes. This study recommends a sustainable crop production method which reduces the costs of farming resources, such as pesticide and fertilizer, through organic methods to ensure food safety and enhanced nutrient quality. This study further encourages inclusive rural development, where small-scale producers are treated as stakeholders in agricultural policy formulation to enable access to financial resources and increase in production through the formation of cooperatives.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KELAYAKAN DAN KONTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI TERPADU RUMAH TANGGA PETANI PADA LAHAN KERING

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusli Burhansyah ◽  
Azri Azri
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
The Village ◽  
Research Show

Bengkayang district is a district in the province of West Kalimantan have enough upland for agriculture. The village of Sinar Tebudak is dry land potential for the development of food crops, vegetables, crops and livestock. To find out the feasibility of each farm and contribution to the household income required of a research. This study aims to determine the feasibility of the business of commodities grown village Sinar Tebudak and know the sources of income and multiformity contributing to the household income of farmers village Sinar Tebudak. Sinar Research conducted the survey with the method / interviews and PRA. Sampling in take with strata ownership of land. To determine the extentto which each strata in the population represented in the sample used proposional, so the methods used method stratified proportional random sampling. The number of respondents as much as 40 farmers. Collecting data is done by direct interviews with the questionnaire. Results of research show that all the farming system is feasible grown with the value RIC> 1. The agricultural sector still has a major contribution in the household contribute income farmers. Income per capita village Sinar Tebudak already above U.S. $ 1000. Non agricultural sector and other sectors in rural areas is expected to grow well. Development of agro-industries in rural areas will create the market, and production facilities for primary agricultural products.

scholarly journals Integrating aspect of economic development in Ukrainian agriculture

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 312 (10) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Inna Bezhenar ◽  
Larisa Malik ◽  
Andrii Shvets
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Business Entities

The purpose of the article is to determine the directions of integration processes in the development of entrepreneurial activity in the agricultural sector of the economy. Research methods. Using statistical and graphical methods, the state and trends of integration transformations of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine were assessed. Research results. The dynamics of changes in the number of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine during 2013-2019, their structure on the basis of legal status, scope and results of activities are analyzed and the relevant conclusions on the ways of development of integration processes in the agricultural sector are formed. The functioning of agrarian business entities of different sizes has been studied. The integration potential of small business entities in the agricultural sector has been identified. The dynamics of the main production indicators of small and micro enterprises is given, their share in the total volume of agricultural production is determined. Also, small forms of management due to integration and cooperative processes provide an opportunity to develop in rural areas, making financial contributions to local budgets, while large enterprises (agricultural holdings) usually have minimal impact on the development of rural economy and rural areas. The main segments of agricultural production (such as potatoes, vegetables, fruits and berries) in which households play a key role are identified. Priority areas for the development of personal farms have been identified, in particular, through the creation of family farms and their association in cooperatives, etc. The information base of the study is the scientific achievements of leading domestic and foreign scientists, analytical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. On the basis of the obtained results the social and economic expediency of development of cooperative forms of management in the countryside and integration of small-scale agricultural producers is substantiated. Scientific novelty. It is proposed to turn personal peasant farms into family farms as components of integration formations in agrarian business. Practical significance. The state of business structures of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy is assessed and the prospects and advantages of the development of integration formations and cooperation in the sustainable development of rural areas are outlined. Tabl.: 8. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 20.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing Microfinance For Effective Smallholder Farming In Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mago ◽  
Costa Hofisi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Rural Agriculture

Smallholder farmers in Africa desperately need pro-poor interventions to alleviate their poverty through self-sustenance. In Africa, poverty is more prevalent in rural areas, where the overwhelming majority (about 80%) of Africas population lives and about 72% are poor. Microfinance cannot have substantial impact on poverty until it significantly penetrates the rural areas where small-scale agricultural activities by smallholder farmers need financial support. This paper thus attempts to conceptualise microfinance for smallholder farming in Africa which is done from the integrated view as opposed to a minimalist view.The integrated view was selected because it focuses on the provision of credit facilities plus related follow-up services such as training, whilst the minimalist view is concerned about giving credit only. The paper relied on literature review and digestion to conceptualise microfinance as a strategy for boosting smallholder agricultural production. Many rural farmers have no access to the traditional financial system. Therefore, basic financial services are essential for the management of their productive endeavors. This paper argues that microfinance plays a pivotal role in the commercialisation, not only of smallholder farming activities but also the successful implementation of agricultural ideas. Microfinance is one way of helping farmers to sharpen their agricultural ideas so as to promote rural economic development.With this background it has become imperative to explore the commercialisation of rural agriculture so as to empower the farmers. The financial sector in most countries does not cater for rural finance because they require physical collateral security that rural people do not have. In this article, micro-finance is seen to be a useful intervention that can be employed to economically empower the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Encouraging Entrepreneurship for People with Disabilities in Indonesia: The United Nations’ ‘Leave No One Behind’ Promise

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Hardius Usman ◽  
◽  
Nucke Widowati Kusumo Projo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Education Levels

The various stigmas surrounding People with Disabilities (PWDs) make it difficult for them to find employment. Therefore, entrepreneurship is a way for PWDs to carry out economic activities. This study aims to analyze the employment conditions, the importance of entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial conditions carried out by PWDs in Indonesia. The source of data for this study is the 2018 Indonesian National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). The analysis techniques for this study include cross-tabulation, Pearson’s chi-square, and Likelihood Ratio (LR) for statistical tests. The results show that PWDs face major obstacles with participating in employment, with Women with Disabilities (WWDs) facing even more significant obstacles than Men with Disabilities (MWDs). Most PWDs, both men and women, have equal chances of becoming entrepreneurs. The vital role of entrepreneurship is also shown by the nature of entrepreneurship, as an independent effort that unnecessarily depends much on other parties so that PWDs have extra opportunities. The majority of PWDs who become entrepreneurs, with low education levels, live in rural areas and work in the agricultural sector, indicating that their businesses are small scale. Small companies tend to be vulnerable to competition, so that at any time, PWDs have the risk of losing their businesses.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATUS AND PROBLEMS OF VIETNAMESE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Le Thi Mai ◽  
Hung Tran Van
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Livestock Farming

Basing on the secondary data collected from the General Statistics Office of Viet Nam, this article describes the actual situation in Vietnamese agricultural sector through the contribution of agriculture to the economic growth and GDP of Vietnam, the export value of agricultural sector in the total export value of Vietnam, labor productivity of the agricultural sector and investments in the agricultural sector. Beside many achievements, the agricultural sector is currently facing a lot of challenging issues: (a) labor productivity is still low; (b) the use of funds is inefficient although capital investment in agriculture increased rapidly over the years; (c) the growth rate of agricultural sector is still low due to small-scale production; (e) disease issues, sanitary and phytosanitary safety; (f) food safety, (g) environmental pollution from cultivation and livestock farming have not been strictly controlled. Stemming from all these facts, this article proposes some recommendations which can contribute to overcoming the problems and developing the agricultural sector in the future.

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